Question

9．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文．文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處．每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改．
增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞．
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（﹨）畫掉．
修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞．
注意：1．每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞．
         2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分．
How to handle complaints
It sometimes happens that the tourists feel dissatisfied with the arrangement or circumstances of the tour and complain of discomforts．In this case what should a tour guide do with to handle the complaints？
When deal with complaints，the tour guide should listen to the tourist carefully，politely and patiently．Unless it is absolute necessary，don't interrupt the tourist until he or she has finished．Then，making a short apology．It is also necessary to repeat the complaint to make sure that the tour guide has fully understood the real problem．If it is possible，the tour guide should also write down what the tourist say．And then，decide whom is to handle this complaint．If it is only a minor one and the tour guide could handle it by him or herself，what should done is to explain to the tourist the actions to be taken when this will be done．If a manager should handle this complaint，the tour guide should first inform him and her and then arrange a meeting with the tourist．

Answer 1

分析 本文主要講述了面對(duì)游客的投訴，導(dǎo)游應(yīng)該如何恰當(dāng)?shù)靥幚響?yīng)對(duì)．

解答 How to handle complaints
It sometimes happens that the tourists feel dissatisfied with the arrangement
or circumstances of the tour and complain of discomforts．In this case what
should a tour guide do with  to handle the complaints？
When deal with complaints，the tour guide should listen to the tourist carefully，
politely and patiently．Unless it is absolute necessary，don't interrupt the tourist
until he or she has finished．Then，making a short apology．It is also necessary to
repeat the complaint to make sure that the tour guide has fully understood the real
problem．If it is possible，the tour guide should also write down what the tourist say．
And then，decide whom is to handle this complaint．If it is only a minor one and the
tour guide could handle it by him or herself，what should∧done is to explain to the tourist
the actions to be taken when this will be done．If a manager should handle this complaint，
the tour guide should first inform him and her and then arrange a meeting with the tourist．
詳解：
1．a(chǎn)rrangement改為arrangements    考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)   此處的意思是：游客對(duì)一些旅行安排或細(xì)節(jié)感到不滿；由于circumstance是可數(shù)名詞，故用其復(fù)數(shù)形式arrangements．
2．去掉do之后的with  考查及物動(dòng)詞    本句的意思是：在這種情況下，導(dǎo)游應(yīng)該怎么（做些什么）來處理投訴？由于do在本句中是及物動(dòng)詞，意為：做；do with意為：處理；故去掉do之后的with． 
3．deal改為dealing   考查現(xiàn)在分詞   此處用在when之后作時(shí)間狀語，由于動(dòng)詞deal與其邏輯主語the tour 構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，故用dealing．
4．a(chǎn)bsolute改為absolutely   考查副詞   此處用來修飾形容詞necessary，故用副詞absolutely．
5．making改為make   考查祈使句    本句為省略了主語you的祈使句，故此處應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞原形，故用make．
6．say改為said   考查時(shí)態(tài)    此處指的是：游客曾經(jīng)說過的話，所以應(yīng)使用一般過去時(shí)，故用said．
7．whom改為who   考查特殊疑問詞    此處在賓語從句中作主語，指的是"誰"；故用who．
8．him改為himself    考查反身代詞"by+反身代詞"意為：?jiǎn)为?dú)地，獨(dú)自地；此處指的是（他自己）單獨(dú)…；故用himself．
9．should后加be   考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)    由于主語what與動(dòng)詞do之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故此處應(yīng)使用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)；故在should后加be．  
10．a(chǎn)nd 改為or    考查句意理解以及連詞    此處指的是：導(dǎo)游應(yīng)首先通知他或她，然后安排與游客會(huì)面；此處表示選擇，而不是并列關(guān)系；故用or．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 短文改錯(cuò)是集語法知識(shí)與語言技能為一體的綜合性試題，主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)詞匯、語法和語篇三要素的把握能力．錯(cuò)誤類型一般有：缺詞、多詞和錯(cuò)詞．常見的錯(cuò)誤有：1 詞法錯(cuò)誤，主要包括動(dòng)詞、名詞、冠詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞和介詞等詞類誤用、同義詞混淆使用、固定搭配等方面．解答此類試題時(shí)，需要正確分析句子成分，熟練掌握各詞類的用法以及掌握一些固定搭配等．2 常見句法錯(cuò)誤．通常表現(xiàn)為簡(jiǎn)單句、復(fù)合句以及疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句等錯(cuò)誤．解答此類試題時(shí)，需要掌握各類句子的句式結(jié)構(gòu)及意義用法．3 應(yīng)在理解文章大意的前提下，進(jìn)行作答．