5.Studying for an exam while listening to music is not smart,(33)because/as background music can reduce your ability to perform memory tasks,new research has found.
Study participants were asked to recall a list of eight letters in the order they (34)were presented/had been presented(present).They did this while in five different sound environments:quiet surroundings; music they liked; music they disliked; changing state (an order of random digits); and steady state (an order of steady digits such as"3,3,3,3").
The participants'recall ability was the poorest when listening to music,regardless of (35)whether they liked or disliked it,and in changing-state conditions.(36)The most accurate(accurate) recall occurred when participants performed the task in steady-state environments,according to the study (37)published(publish) online in the journal Applied Cognitive Psychology.
"It is the sound variation in the music and changing state (38)that reduces the ability to recall the order of items within the presented list,"explained the leading researcher Nick Perham,(39)who is a lecturer in the School of Psychology at the University of Wales Institute in Cardiff,in a news release from the journal's publisher.
When performing (40)a challenging mental task,do it in silence,Perham recommended.

分析 本文主要寫了當(dāng)要完成一個(gè)富有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務(wù)時(shí),應(yīng)該在靜默中完成,否則會(huì)分心.

解答 33.because/as   考查連詞.在聽音樂的時(shí)候?yàn)榭荚噷W(xué)習(xí)并不聰明,因?yàn)楸尘耙魳纺芙档湍愕挠洃浟Γ梢妰删渲g是因果關(guān)系,because/as是連詞表原因.
 34.were presented/had been presented 考查被動(dòng)語態(tài).研究參與者被要求召回一個(gè)列表中他們已提出的八個(gè)字母的順序,present是動(dòng)詞"提出",被提出所以用被動(dòng)語態(tài).
35.whether  考查固定結(jié)構(gòu).根據(jù)句意:不管他們喜歡還是不喜歡"whether…or…"可以引導(dǎo)包含選擇范圍的讓步狀語從句,意為"不管…".
 36.The most accurate 考查形容詞.根據(jù)句意:最準(zhǔn)確的召回發(fā)生時(shí)執(zhí)行的任務(wù)在穩(wěn)態(tài)環(huán)境中.a(chǎn)ccurate是形容詞"精確的",最高級(jí)是the most accurate.
 37.published 考查非謂語. 根據(jù)句意:這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)表在《應(yīng)用認(rèn)知心理學(xué)雜志》上study和publish之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以此處用過去分詞在句中做定語,
38.that 考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句.本句中的被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是 the sound variation in the music and changing state,根據(jù)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的固定結(jié)構(gòu)It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+從句,所以答案填that.  
 39.who  考查定語從句.本句是一個(gè)定語從句,被修飾的先行詞為Nick Perham,在從句中做主語,所以關(guān)系代詞用who.
40.a(chǎn) 考查冠詞.本句中task是可數(shù)名詞,根據(jù)句意:一個(gè)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的心理任務(wù),所以用不定冠詞a.

點(diǎn)評 語法填空是通過語篇在語境中考查語法知識(shí)的運(yùn)用能力,在解題前應(yīng)快速瀏覽短文掌握大意,在讀懂短文的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合短文提供的特定的語言環(huán)境去逐句分析.要解決好語法填空,離不開堅(jiān)實(shí)的語法知識(shí),有了堅(jiān)實(shí)的語法知識(shí)才能對語言進(jìn)行正確的分析和判斷,從而答對題目.

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