14.Children whose minds wander might have sharper brains,a research suggests.
A study has found that people who appear to be often distracted (走神) have more"working memory",giving them the ability to hold a lot of information in their heads and control it cleverly.
Children at school need this type of memory on a daily basis for a variety of tasks,such as following teachers'instructions or remembering dictated (聽寫的) sentences.During the study,volunteers were asked to perform one simple task during which researchers kept asking if their minds were wandering.At the end,volunteers measured their working memory capacity (容量) by their ability to remember a series of letters mixed with simple maths questions.
Daniel Levinson,a professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in the United States,said that those with higher working memory capacity reported"more mind wandering during these simple tasks",but their performance did not suffer.
The results,published online in the journal Psychological Science,appear to confirm former research that found working memory allows humans to deal with multiple thoughts at the same time.
Dr Jonathan Smallwood,of the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Science in Leipzig,Germany,said,"What this study seems to suggest is that,when surroundings for the task aren't very difficult,people with additional working memory capacity use them effectively to think about other things besides what they're doing."
Working memory capacity is also associated with general measures of intelligence,such as reading comprehension and IQ scores.Dr Smallwood added:"Our results suggest the sorts of planning that people do quite often in daily life-when they are on the bus,when they are cycling to work,when they are in the shower-are probably supported by working memory."
28.During the study,the researchers asked the volunteers toD.
A.solve some difficult math's problems
B.retell some dictated sentences
C.follow the teacher's instructions
D.carry out one simple task
29.The underlined word"suffer"in the fourth paragraph probably meansA.
A.become worse B.settle down C.experience pain D.run out
30.According to the study,working memoryC.
A.prevents people from remembering dictated sentences
B.causes people's minds to wander more easily
C.a(chǎn)llows people to consider more things at the same time
D.leads to people's worse performance during work
31.What's the text mainly about?B
A.How the working memory works in the daily life.
B.Wandering minds might have brighter brains.
C.Why people's minds wander while working.
D.Working ability can be improved by wandering minds.
分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀,作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了研究表明,走神的孩子可能頭腦更敏銳,適當(dāng)?shù)淖呱衿鋵?shí)并不會(huì)影響生活.
解答 28.D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段such as following teachers'instructions or remembering dictated (聽寫的) sentences.During the study,volunteers were asked to perform one simple task during which researchers kept asking if their minds were wandering可知研究期間,研究人員要求志愿者執(zhí)行一個(gè)簡單的任務(wù);故選D.
29.A.詞義猜測題.根據(jù)第四段said that those with higher working memory capacity reported"more mind wandering during these simple tasks",but their performance did not suffer可知在這些簡單的任務(wù)中,他們走神了",但他們的表現(xiàn)并沒有受到影響;可知意為變得糟糕;故選A.
30.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段What this study seems to suggest is that,when surroundings for the task aren't very difficult,people with additional working memory capacity use them effectively to think about other things besides what they're doing可知根據(jù)研究,工作記憶允許人同時(shí)考慮更多的事情;故選C.
31.B.推理判斷題.根據(jù)第一段Children whose minds wander might have sharper brains,a research suggests可知課文主要是關(guān)于走神的大腦可能有更聰明的頭腦;故選B.
點(diǎn)評 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進(jìn)行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí),要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.