Question

I.閱讀理解[2015 •黑龍江綏化三校高三聯(lián)考]

   Culture helps human societies survive in changing natural environment. For example, the end of the last Ice Age, be?ginning about 15，000 years ago, brought a big challenge to which humans had to adapt. Before this time, large parts of the northern hemisphere were covered in great sheets of ice that contained much of the earth's water. In North America, large animals that wandered the vast tundra (笞原)provided people with food and materials for clothing and simple shel?ters. When the earth became warm, large Ice Age animals disappeared, and many land areas were covered by the rising sea level from melting ice. But people survived. They devel?oped new technologies and learned how to survive on new plant and animal species. Finally some people settled into permanent villages, durable houses and farms.

Cultural adaptation has made humans one of the most successful species on the planet. Through history, major de?velopments in technology, medicine, and nutrition have al?lowed people to reproduce and survive in ever-increasing num?bers. The global population has risen from 8 million during the Ice Age to about 6 billion today.

However, the success of cultural adaptation can also cre?ate problems in the long run. Over the last 200 years, people have begun to use large quantities of natural resources and en?ergy and to produce a great amount of material and chemical wastes. The global population now consumes some important natural resources—such as petroleum, wood, and minerals― faster than nature can produce them. Many scientists believe that in the process of burning fuels and producing wastes, people may be changing the global climate in unpredictable and possibly harmful ways. Thus, the adaptive success of the present-day global culture of production and trade may be temporary.

1. What is the first paragraph mainly talking about?

 A.     How the human beings survived in the Ice Age.

B.     What the situation was like during the Ice Age.

C.     What caused the Ice Age to come to an end.

D.     Why the Ice Age was very important.

2.To  deal  with  the  problems,   human  beings should ________ according to the passage.

 A.     stop developing any longer

B.     reduce the overuse of natural resources

C.     stop the global warming and using natural resources

D.     save more animals in case they all die out

 3.Which of the following is the problem caused by cultural adaptation according to the passage?

 A.     A very developed culture came into being.

B.     New technologies have been developed.

C.     Natural resources have been used up.

D.     Human activities have done damage to the balance of nature.

4.Which of the following can be the best title of the pas?sage?

 A.     Natural environment should be protected

B.     The success of cultural adaptation is not permanent

C.     The global population is increasing since Ice Age

D.     Human beings are capable of surviving on the earth

Answer 1

I.閱讀理解

[文章大意]本文是一篇科普環(huán)保類文章，主要講了人類的適應(yīng)能力很強(qiáng)，這使得人類在冰川時代以后活了下來。但是人類現(xiàn)在也面臨著過度使用資源的問題，長此以往，后果不堪設(shè)想。

1.A段落大意題。第一段主要講了人類是如何在冰川時代之后活下來的。故選A項。

2. B推理判斷題。文章第段主要講了人類過度使用S然資源并制造了大量垃圾，長此以往可能會改變整個氣候。由此可以推測，為了解決這個問題，人們應(yīng)當(dāng)減少過度使用自然資源。故選B項。

3. D推理判斷題。文章第三段主要講了人類過度使用自然資源帶來了一系列問題，故D選項符合文章描述。A、B項文章沒有提及；C項根據(jù)常理判斷是錯誤的。

4.B主旨大意題。文章最后一段講了如果人類繼續(xù)這樣過度消耗自然資源的話，人類的居住環(huán)境會面臨災(zāi)難。故B項"人類適應(yīng)環(huán)境的成功不是永久的"，符合文章大意。故選B項。