18.Are some people born clever,and others born stupid?Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience?Strangely enough,the answer to these questions is yes.To some degree our intelligence is given to us at birth,and no amount of education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence.On the other hand,a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and different surroundings.Thus the limits of persons'intelligence are fixed at birth,and whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment.This idea,now held by most experts,can be supported in a number of ways.
It is easy to show that intelligence is to some degree something we are born with.The closer the blood relationship between two people,the closer they are likely to be intelligent.Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from population,it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different.If,on the other hand,we take two twins,they are very likely to be as intelligent as each other.Relations like brothers and sisters,parents and children,usually have similar intelligence,and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.
Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments.We might send one,for example,to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring.We would soon find differences in intelligence developing,and this shows that environment as well as birth plays a part.This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in touch with each other,but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.
67.If a child is born with low intelligence,he canC.
A.become a genius
B.not reach his intelligence in his life
C.reach his intelligence limits in rich surroundings
D.still become a genius if he should be given special education
68.In Paragraph 2,the underlined sentence"if we take two unrelated people at random from population"means"A."
A.if we pick any two persons
B.if we take out two different persons
C.if we choose two persons who have relations
D.if we choose two persons with different intelligence
69.The example of the twins going to a university and to a factory separately showsD.
A.the part that birth plays
B.the importance of their relations
C.the importance of their intelligence
D.the role of environment on intelligence
70.The best title of the passage can be"B".
A.Surroundings B.Intelligence C.Dependence on Environment D.Effect of Education.
分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀,作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了影響智力的兩個因素,智力范圍是天生的,和他是否達到這些限制將取決于他的環(huán)境.
解答 67.C.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第一段"Thus the limits of persons'intelligence are fixed at birth,and whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment"可知如果一個孩子出生智力低下,他可以達到他的智能限制在富裕的環(huán)境里;故選C.
68.A.句意理解題.根據(jù)文章第二段"Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from population,it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different"如果我們把兩個不相干的人隨機從人口,它是可能的,他們的智力程度將完全不同;可知句意為如果我們把兩個不同的人;故選A.
69.D.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章最后一段"We would soon find differences in intelligence developing,and this shows that environment as well as birth plays a part"可知雙胞胎分別上大學和工廠的例子表明環(huán)境對智力的作用;故選D.
70.B.主旨大意題.通讀全文,可知文章主要講述了影響智力的兩個因素,智力范圍是天生的,和他是否達到這些限制將取決于他的環(huán)境;因此最佳標題為智力;故選B.
點評 考察學生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實,要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.