Question

Cholera is a water-borne disease that is spread through polluted water and food. Cholera is an illness caused by the bacterium. It produces a poison that causes a painless , watery diarrhea( 痢疾)  that can quickly lead to severe dehydration（脫水） and death if treatment is not given. Most persons infected with cholera do not become ill, although the bacterium is present in their waste for 7-14 days. When this illness does strike, more than 90% of the time is not severe and is difficult to tell from other types of diarrhea. Less than 10% of sick persons develop cholera with signs of moderate or severe dehydration.
A person may get cholera by drinking water or eating food polluted with the cholera bacterium. The disease can spread rapidly in areas without the proper treatment of drinking water. The cholera bacterium may also live in the environment in dirty rivers and coastal waters. Shellfish eaten raw have been a source of cholera. Therefore, the disease is not likely to spread directly from one person to another.
Cholera can be simply and successfully treated by immediate replacement of the fluid and salts lost through diarrhea. Patients can be treated by being given a mixture of sugar and salt to be mixed with water and drunk in large amount. Antibiotics(抗生素) shorten the course and decrease the severity of the illness. To avoid cholera, we should eat well-cooked food instead of raw food

1. 1.
   If a person infected with cholera less than 7 days，he would probably        
   1. A.
      die
   2. B.
      become sick
   3. C.
      remain healthy
   4. D.
      suffer from watery diarrhea
2. 2.
   Which statement is true according to the passage?
   1. A.
      Cholera can spread directly from one person to another
   2. B.
      Eating raw food can help stop cholera
   3. C.
      Cholera is caused by watery diarrhea
   4. D.
      Polluted water and food can help spread cholera
3. 3.
   Cholera can be treated by         
   1. A.
      replacing the blood in the body
   2. B.
      eating a lot of water mixed with sugar and salt and using antibiotics
   3. C.
      eating a large amount of sugar and salt
   4. D.
      drinking a lot of water and eating a large amount of food
4. 4.
   In order to avoid cholera, people should         
   1. A.
      inject antibiotics
   2. B.
      eat the food thoroughly cooked
   3. C.
      eat raw food
   4. D.
      avoid meeting other people

Answer 1

CDBB
試題分析：文章介紹了霍亂的傳播方式以及治療手段。
1.C 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段4,5行Most persons infected with cholera do not become ill, although the bacterium is present in their waste for 7-14 days.說明感染霍亂的人一開始的時候并沒有感覺到生病，故C正確。
2.D 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段1,2行  A person may get cholera by drinking water or eating food polluted with the cholera bacterium.說明被污染的水喝食物會導(dǎo)致人們患霍亂，故D正確。
3.B 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段2,3行Patients can be treated by being given a mixture of sugar and salt to be mixed with water and drunk in large amount說明B正確。
4.B 推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一句To avoid cholera, we should eat well-cooked food instead of raw food.我們應(yīng)該吃完全煮熟的食物，而不能吃生的食物，故B正確。
考點：考查健康類閱讀
點評：此類閱讀可能生詞較多，閱讀時要注意猜測詞義，要在語境中理解掌握。提高推理能力。