Cuts
Bleeding can usually be stopped by applying pressure to the cut for 2 or 3 minutes. The cut can then be carefully inspected. If it has bled freely any germs will normally have been washed away by the blood.
Apply a plaster dressing firmly, bringing the edges of the cut together so that it knits quickly. Keep dry for 1 to 2 days.
If the cut is deep and the edges cannot be pulled together with a dressing consult the doctor or the practice nurse. A tetanus (破傷風) injection may be needed.
Grazes
Dirt will often enter a graze caused by falling on a hard or rough surface. It must be cleaned out carefully with an antiseptic solution. (消毒液)
After cleaning, leave the graze uncovered. Exposure to the air will cause a scab to form. This will gradually fry and fall off.
It is not a good idea to apply a dressing. This may stick to the graze or make it complete wet and infected.
Bruises
Bruises are very common in children. They normally get better in 7 to 10 days Parents sometimes worry that a bone may be broken, but if in doubt consult the doctor.  If a child gets up at once after a fall and moves about normally, it is unlikely that a bone has been broken.
Severe bruising can be treated by： Rest for 24 to 48 hours .In the case of a badly bruised leg, the limb should be raised. Lying in bed is the easiest way to do this.
A bad compress may ease a bad bruise if applied at once. This is made by leaving some material in water and applying it to the bruise.
Insect bites
These are common in the summer .They look like spots about 1/4’’across .They are very itchy (癢) and usually appear on exposed parts, e.g. arms and legs.
The itching can be relieved by calamine lotion (護膚藥水).
Burns and scalds
Minor burns and scalds cause redness of the skin. Immediate treatment by pouring cold water over a burn is often helpful. If burns cause the skin severe hot or break the skin, the doctor should be turned to.
Sunburns should, if possible, be prevented by avoiding long exposure and covering exposed areas as much as needed. It may be treated by calamine lotion to relieve the pain.
1．The purpose of the booklet is _____
A．to tell us what to do until a doctor arrives.
B．to explain what cause minor illnesses.
C．to show that it is unnecessary to call a doctor.
D．to help us to treat minor illnesses at home
2．When treating a minor cut ,we are first told to _____.
A．clean out the wound.             B．press down on the wound.
C．wash the blood away.            D．close up the wound.
3．The injury which we are told how to avoid is _____.
A．sunburn.   B．insect bites.     C．scalds.   D．cuts.
4．Patients with badly bruised legs are advised to go to bed so that ______.
A．they can rest completely.        B．their injured leg can be lifted up.
C．they can leave their leg in water.        D．a(chǎn) cold compress can be applied

小題1:D
小題2:B
小題3:A
小題4:B
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Ⅲ 閱讀 (共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié)閱讀理解 (共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
For most pregnant women, exercise is the last thing on their minds. After all, keeping slim while you’re expecting isn’t exactly the top priority— rather, it’s making sure your baby gets enough nutrients to grow. But in a small new study, researchers at the University of Auckland in New Zealand report that a mother’s regular aerobic exercise may be good for a growing fetus’ health — and may even help a baby get a healthier start in life.
The finding is a bit surprising, because exercise is known to lower the risk of insulin resistance（胰島素抵抗），a condition eventually leading to diabetes（糖尿�。�. Although insulin resistance is a detriment in healthy adults, it turns out to be helpful for proper fetal（胎兒）development. In pregnant women, this condition means nutrients get shunted to the growing baby.
The question is: could a mother’s exercise put her developing baby’s food supply at risk? Past studies looking at the effect of exercise on birth weight have been inconclusive, and none have really investigated the influence of exercise on the mother’s sensitivity to insulin. So the University of Auckland’s Dr. Paul Hoffman and his team decided to study 84 first-time mothers, who were of normal weight on average, and track any effects aerobic exercise(有氧運動) might have on their insulin sensitivity and, ultimately, on their babies’ birth weight. Researchers asked some women to exercise on a stationary bicycle for at least 40 minutes per session, up to five times each week, starting in the 20th week of pregnancy; the other women were not specifically asked to exercise. When the two groups and their babies were compared, the team found that women who bicycled regularly gave birth to babies who were on average 150g lighter than those born to the non-exercising mothers. In both groups, however, the babies were of healthy weight, and there was no difference in the mothers’ weights.
Generally speaking, babies on the lower end of the normal weight range are considered healthier and less prone to developing diabetes and obesity than heavier ones, so this was an encouraging result. Even more reassuring was that regular exercise did not seem to affect the flow of nutrients to the growing babies in the womb.
1. According to the new study, a pregnant woman’s regular exercise may _______.
A. bring benefits to a baby’s growth
B. lower the risk of insulin resistance
C. put her baby’s food supply at risk
D. help her keep slim and healthy
2. What does the underlined word “detriment” mean in the second paragraph?
A. Something that brings good.
B. Something that brings damage.
C. Something that brings obstacles.
D. Something that brings development.
3. What is the purpose of the experiment carried out by Dr. Paul Hoffman?
A. To investigate the influence of exercise on pregnant women.
B. To find out what aerobic exercise can benefit a baby’s growth.
C. To make sure of the effects exercise may have on babies’ birth weight
D. To compare the differences between mothers who exercise and who don’t
4. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Lighter babies are generally believed to be healthier than heavier ones.
B. Non­－exercising mothers will definitely give birth to heavier babies.
C. No studies have looked at the effect of exercise on birth weight before.
D. Some women studied were asked to exercise regularly while some don’t.
5. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?
A. All mothers should take aerobic exercise.
B. Moms who exercise give birth to lighter babies。
C. Exercise reduces the risk of insulin resistance.
D. Heavier babies are more likely to develop diabetes.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Staying positive through the cold season could be your best defense against getting ill, new study findings suggest.
In an experiment that exposed healthy volunteers to a cold or flu virus, researchers found that people with a generally sunny character were less likely to fall ill. The findings, published in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, build on evidence that a “positive emotional style” can help to protect us from suffering the common cold and other illnesses.
Researchers believe the reasons may be both objective — as in happiness improving immune function — and subjective — as in happy people being less troubled by a sore throat or runny nose. “People with a positive emotional style may have different immune responses to the virus,” explained lead study author Dr Sheldon Cohen of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. “And when they do get a cold, they may interpret their illness as being less severe.”
Cohen and his colleagues had found in a previous study that happier people seemed less likely to catch a cold, but some questions remained as to whether the emotional style itself had the effect.
For the new study, the researchers had 193 healthy adults complete standard measures of personality characteristics, self-felt health and emotional style. Those who had a tendency to be happy, energetic and easy-going were judged as having a positive emotional style, while those who were often unhappy, tense and aggressive had a negative style.
The researchers gave them nasal (鼻腔的) drops containing either a cold virus or a particular flu virus. Over the next six days, the volunteers reported on any aches, pains or sneezing they had, while the researchers collected objective data. Cohen and his colleagues found that based on objective measures of nasal troubles, happy people were less likely to develop a cold.
小題1:Which is the best title for the passage? ______
A．Stay Away from Being Negative
B．Positive or Negative？It’s Up to You.
C．Emotional Style and Flu.
D．Optimistic People Likely to Keep Diseases Away.
小題2: According to Dr Cohen’s research, the reason why some people are unlikely to catch a cold may be that ______.
A．their cheerful mood benefits the immune system
B．they have developed a certain way against flu virus
C．they are less likely to have a sore throat and runny nose
D．they have got a stronger self-confidence in their health
小題3: The research is done by ______.
A．getting volunteers in one emotional group and analyzing them
B．conducting a medical experiment on volunteers of different emotional styles
C．collecting and analyzing volunteers’ objective nasal production data
D．having volunteers answer questions on personality, health and emotions

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Someone asked me, “ what do you think of youth?” I showed him
a can of COKE. See this?
“C” means “courage”. There’s a seed in everyone’s heart. As long as you really keep watering it, it will grow and harvest. Courage gives us the power to follow our dreams. Believe in yourself and be prepared for anything in the future.
“O” stands for “optimism(樂觀)”. When in trouble, some
people feel disappointed but some people still keep their dreams. Be sure to choose the latter. Life is very much like a mirror. If you smile on it, it smiles back on you. If you frown, you will get a similar look in return. Throw away the sadness in your hear while filling it with brightness and hope.
“K” can be understood as “knowledge”. In order to keep up with the times, we should use knowledge to enrich ourselves. Knowledge is the food of thought and, as long as it is put in our brain, we will grow wiser.
“E” is short for “enthusiasm(熱情)”. Enthusiasm is the sign of youth. We use colorful and paint-brushes in our hands to create the pictures of youth on our own. Let the sky and sea know we’re young. Let our enthusiasm wherever we go.
Drink a can of COKE. You will find your youth as refreshing (有活力的) as a can of coke. Enjoy and value your youth.
1. In the passage, the word “COKE” refers to _______
A. a kind of drink young people enjoy
B. what young people should have
C. basic abilities young people need
D. young people’s confidence and pride
2. The seed in everyone’s heat in fact is __________
A. hope   B. knowledge    C. courage   D. imagination
3. According to the last paragraph, young people are _________
A. confident     B. optimistic    C. learned    D. enthusiastic

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Europeans should try to stay indoors if ash from Iceland's volcano starts settling, the World Health Organization warned Friday as small amounts fell in Iceland, Scotland and Norway.
WHO spokesman Daniel Epstein said the microscopic(微小的) ash is potentially dangerous for people when it starts to reach the Earth because inhaled(吸入) particles can enter the lungs and cause respiratory problems. And he also said Europeans who go outside might want to consider wearing a mask.
Other experts, however, weren't convinced the volcanic ash would have a major effect on peoples' health and said WHO's warnings were "hysterical." They said volcanic ash was much less dangerous than cigarette smoke or pollution. Volcanic ash is made of fine particles of fragmented volcanic rock. It is light gray to black and can be as fine as talcum powder. During a volcanic eruption, the ash can be breathed deep into the lungs and cause irritation even in healthy people. But once it falls from a greater distance — like from the cloud currently hovering above Europe — its health effects are often minimal, experts say.
"Not all particles are created equal," said Ken Donaldson, a professor of respiratory toxicology at the University of Edinburgh, "In the great scheme of things, volcanic ash is not all that harmful." And he said most Europeans' exposure to volcanic ash would be negligible and that only those in the near districts of the Icelandic volcano would likely be at risk.
Dr. Stephen Spiro, a professor of respiratory medicine and deputy chair of the British Lung Foundation, said the further the particles travel, the less dangerous they will be. "The cloud has already passed over northern Scotland and we haven't heard of any ill effects there," he said. Spiro said to wear masks or stay indoors to avoid volcanic ash was "over the top" and "a bit hysterical."
1. The text is mainly about         .
A. the effect of volcanic ash  
B. the health risk of volcanic ash
C. the disadvantages of volcanic ash
D. the opinions on health risk of volcanic ash
2. Which one is true according to Paragraph3?
A. The volcanic ash’s effects on Europeans were little.
B. The ash caused irritation even in healthy people.
C. Other experts thought WTO’S warnings were useful.
D. The volcanic ash was more dangerous than cigarette smoke or pollution.
3. The underlined word “hysterical” in Paragraph4 most probably means        .
A. amazing          B. practical        C. valuable            D. overstated
4. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The volcanic ash wouldn’t be harmful to people.
B. All experts thought the volcanic ash did great harm to our health.
C. People close to the volcano would likely be at risk according to some experts.   
D. Europeans should stay indoors because Iceland's volcano starts settling.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Burn Calories in Your Sleep?
The weight-loss world is full of assertions（斷言）, rarely proved, that some pill can help you “burn calories while you sleep.” But a recent Dutch study reports that it can be done – simply by eating more lean protein（無脂肪蛋白質(zhì)）.
Researchers report for the first time that consuming nearly a third of daily calories as lean protein – for example, lean meats without the skin – speeds up a person’s metabolism（新陳代謝） during sleep and that higher protein intake increases the burning of calories and fat during the day. Plus, when the study’s participants, who were all women of healthy weight, ate more protein, they felt fuller, more satisfied and less hungry than when they consumed a diet with the amount of protein, about 10 percent of calories.
The findings suggest that adding lean protein to your daily food “enables you to reach the same level of satiety（過飽）that you are used to with about 80 percent of your normal energy intake,” notes Margriet Westerterp-Plantenga. “That means you can eat about 20 percent less and still have the same satiety.”
What gives protein its caloric edge? It’s more difficult for the body to metabolize protein than either fat or carbohydrates（糖類）. The body also doesn’t store protein as efficiently as it does carbohydrates or fat. So protein is more likely to be burned and that in turn requires more oxygen and helps you feel satisfied in the hours after eating.
But the latest findings don’t mean it’s time to dust off those high-protein diet books. The current study limited fat to about 30 percent of daily calories, and included 40 percent of calories as healthy carbohydrates, including fruit and vegetables. For example, lunch included bread, soy milk, fruit yogurt, tuna in water, tomatoes, cucumbers, feta cheese and salad dressing.
54. According the first paragraph, we know that ______.
A. there’re few studies on weight-loss in the world
B. many studies on weight-loss only cheat customers
C. only few studies are useful for weight-loss
D. there’re few studies about lean protein
55. According to the passage, lean protein can help burn calories while you sleep because ______.
A.it can slow down a person’s metabolism   
B. it’s difficult for the body to metabolize
C.it will not make you feel full  
D. it’s easy to be stored in the body
56. The underlined phrase “dust off” in the last paragraph means ______.
A. get rid of                   B. put away     
C. get ready to rewrite          D. get ready to reuse
57. The passage is mainly to tell readers ______.
A. there is a good diet for weight-losers
B. you can burn your calories in your sleep
C. high-protein diet books will be popular
D. choosing right food is of great use

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Growing numbers of people are becoming addicted to text messaging（手機信息）, a German doctor warned recently。
Psychotherapist(采用精神療法的醫(yī)生) Andreas Herter estimated that there were some 380,000 sufferers in Germany。 Herter based his prediction（預測）on the growing number of manic mobile phone users among patients arriving at his Hanover clinic （診所）for addiction treatment。
“Text message addiction is a real and serious illness because it causes mental and financial damage,” said Herter。 “The problem leads to depression and personality disorders, not to mention skyrocketing （飛漲的）phone bills�！�
For example, a teenage boy spent 8,900 euros (US$11,000) texting people he didn’t even know and a married couple could only communicate by text message, even when they were sitting side by side。
55。 The passage is mainly to tell us ______。
A。 why people like text messaging   B。 text messaging has many advantages
C。 overusing text message does great harm       D。 text messaging does no good
56。 Herter thinks text message addiction is ______。
A。 acceptable      B。 easy to deal with           C。 unreasonable         D。 worrying
57。 The examples given in the last paragraph are used to show ______。
A。 text message addiction is a serious diseas                            
B。they care about nothing else but text message
C。 sending text message is their only hobby       
D。 they are very rich

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空


第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
A new World Bank report warns that children who do not get enough good food in the first two years of life suffer lasting damage．They may be underdeveloped or under weight．__71____  In addition, poorly nourished （營養(yǎng)不良的） children are more likely to drop out of school and earn less money as adults．
The report is called "Repositioning Nutrition as Central to Development．" It notes that too little food is not the only cause of poor nutrition．__72__ For example, the study says that mothers often fail to give their newly born babies their first breast milk （母乳）．This milk-like substance is called colostrums （初乳）．__73__
Africa and South Asia are affected the most by poor nutrition．__74__ The World Bank study also notes that rates of malnutrition （營養(yǎng)不良） in South Asia are almost double those in central and southern Africa．Other parts of the world are also severely affected, including Indonesia, Uzbekistan, Yemen, Guatemala and Peru．
75   Instead of directly providing food, the study suggests educational programs in health and nutrition for mothers with young babies．It also recommends cleaner living conditions and improvements in health care．
A．They may suffer from poor health or limited intelligence．
B．The study also links malnutrition to economic growth in poor countries．
C．Many children who live in homes with plenty of food suffer for other reasons．
D．The study says about half of all children in India do not get enough good food．
E．It is full of nutrients that improve a baby's ability to fight infections and disease．
F．Poor countries could possibly double their economic growth if they improved nutrition．
G．The study recommends that developing countries change their policies to deal with malnutrition．

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Foods from Around the World
Foods that are well known to you may not be familiar to people from other countries. Here are four people’s experiences with foreign food.
Shao Wong is a student in France. He comes from China. “I’d never tasted cheese or even milk before I came here. Cattle are rare in my part of China, so there are no dairy products. I tried milk when I first arrived in France. I hated it! I sampled cheese too, but couldn’t manage more than one bite. I love ice cream, though, and that’s made from milk.”
Birgit is from Sweden. She traveled to Australia on vacation. “I was in a restaurant that specialized in fish, and I heard some other customers order flake. So I ordered some too and it was delicious. Later, I found out that flake is an Australian term for shark. After that pleasant experience, whenever I see a new food I try it out on purpose. You know why? I remember how much I enjoyed flake.”
Chandra is a dentist in Texas. She originates from India. “I’m frightened of eating new foods because they might be made from beef. I’m a Hindu, and my religion forbids me to eat meat from the cow. It’s a sacred animal to Hindus, so that’s the reason I can’t eat hamburgers or spaghetti with meatballs.”
Nathan is American. He taught for a year in China. “My friends gave me some 100-year-old eggs to eat. I didn’t like the look of them at all. The insides were green, but my friends said the color was normal. The Chinese put chemicals on fresh eggs. Then they bury them in the earth for three months. So the eggs weren’t really very old. Even so, I absolutely refused to touch them.”
Life in a new country can be scary, but it also can be fun. Would you sample a 100-year-old egg? Would you order shark in a restaurant?
56. Which of the following sentences is true about Shao Wong?
A. He is a French – Chinese.
B. Cattle are seldom raised in his hometown.
C. He doesn’t like any diary products.
D. He didn’t taste cheese because he hated it.
57. What kind of girl is Birgit?
A. Religious.     B. Brave. C. Confident.   D. Open- minded.
58. Chandra is frightened of eating food made from beef, because _________.
A. It’s against Hindus’ religion.
B. She is a doctor and she thinks beef is not easy to chew and digest.
C. She is an Indian.
D. Hindus think beef is not tasty.
59. The underlined word “Sacred” in paragraph 4 means _________.
A. frightening  B. large    C. man – eating        D.greatly respected
60. What can you infer from this passage?
A. Foods that are well known to you may not be familiar to people from other countries.
B. Despite (雖然) cultural differences in food, have a try and maybe you’ll get used to it.
C. A vacation is a good way to learn about new foods. Be sure to go on vacation more   often.
D. People dislike eating new foods only because their religion forbids it.

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