4．Sports medicine experts have observed for years that athletes such as long distance runners，especially women athletes，often display a lack of iron．Now a new study by a team of Purdue University researchers suggests that even moderate exercise may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women．
"We found that women who were normally inactive and then started a program of moderate exercise of middle degree showed sings of iron loss，"says Roseanne M．Lyle，associate professor at Purdue．Her study of 62formerly inactive women who began exercising three times a week for six months was published in the journal Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise．Iron deficiency is very common among women in general，affecting one in four female teenagers and one in five women aged 18to 45，respectively．But the ratio is even greater among active women，affecting up to 80percent of female endurance athletes．This means，Lyle says，that"too many women ignore the amount of iron they take in"．Women of child-bearing age are at greatest risk，since their monthly bleeding is a major source of iron loss．Plus，many health-conscious women increase their risk by rejecting red meat，which contains the most easily absorbed form of iron．And because women often restrict their diet in an effort to control weight，they may not consume enough iron-rich food，and are liable to experience a deficiency．
Exercise can result in iron loss through a variety of mechanisms．Some iron is lost in sweat，and，for unknown reasons，intense endurance exercise is sometimes associated with bleeding of the digestive system．Athletes in high-impact sports such as running may also lose iron through a phenomenon where small blood vessels in the feet leak blood．
There are three stages of iron deficiency．The first and most common is having low iron reserves，a condition that typically has no symptoms．Fatigue and poor performance may begin to appear in the second stage of deficiency，when not enough iron is present to form the molecules（分子） of blood protein that transport oxygen to the working muscles．In the third and final stage，people often feel weak，tired，and out of breath-and exercise performance is severely compromised．
"People think that if they're not at the third stage，nothing is wrong，but that's not true，"says John L．Beard，who helped design the Purdue study．"You're not stage 3until your iron reserves go to zero，and if you wait until that point，you're in trouble．"
Beard and other experts say it's advisable for people to have a yearly blood test．If iron levels are low，talk with a physician to see if the deficiency should be corrected by changing your diet and taking iron-rich foods or by taking iron-added pills．
"Select breads and cereals with the words‘iron-added'on the label，"writes sports diet expert Nancy Clark．"This added iron supplements the small amount that naturally occurs in grains．"Clark also recommends cooking in iron pans，as food can obtain iron from the pan during the cooking process．
64．Which of the following may be the title for the passage？C
A．Science，sports and exercise
B．Correct iron deficiency
C．Women，Iron and exercise
D．Women，health and exercise
65．The third paragraph is developed mainly byB．
A．organizing the details according to the order of time
B．presenting the result followed by specific causes
C．beginnign with details followed by a general statement
D．making comparisons ad contrasts
66．What does it mean when you are in the third stage of iron defieiency？D
A．Nothing serious though you don't have much iron stored in the body．
B．There is not enough iron to form the molecules of blood protein to transport oxygen．
C．The small blood vessels in your reet are beginnig to leak blood．
D．No iron is ldft in your body and you would be in trouble without urgent measures．
67．What is the writer's attitude in writing this passage？D
A．Defensive． B．Persuasive．
C．Supportive． D．Objective．
分析 美國(guó)普渡大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)研究表明，女性缺鐵的比例很高，從事體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的女性更是如此，這與女性的生理特點(diǎn)與飲食習(xí)慣都有關(guān)系．
解答 CBDD
64．C 主旨大意題 全文探討了女性缺鐵這個(gè)話題，探究女性缺鐵與體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的關(guān)系，以及缺鐵的三個(gè)階段．
65．B 考查篇章結(jié)構(gòu) 第三段首先介紹該研究的結(jié)果：缺鐵在女性中很普遍，然后從生理方面和飲食方面分析具體原因．
66．D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題 從第五六段In the third and final stage，people often feel weak，tired，and out of breath-and exercise performance is severely compromised．可知，到了缺鐵的第三個(gè)階段時(shí)，體內(nèi)的鐵儲(chǔ)備為零，此時(shí)你會(huì)很有麻煩，人會(huì)覺(jué)得虛弱，呼吸困難，由此判斷選D
67．D考查作者態(tài)度 根據(jù)Sports medicine experts have observed for years that athletes such as long distance runners，especially women athletes，often display a lack of iron．Now a new study by a team of Purdue University researchers suggests that even moderate exercise may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women．可知本文從美國(guó)普渡大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)研究入手，介紹女性缺鐵的現(xiàn)象，分析原因，陳述缺鐵對(duì)人的影響，缺鐵的三個(gè)層次以及如何預(yù)防和治療缺鐵現(xiàn)象，因此本文作者是客觀地介紹該研究，而不是防備性，說(shuō)服性或支持的．
點(diǎn)評(píng) 做閱讀時(shí)經(jīng)常犯錯(cuò)的主要原因是，僅憑讀過(guò)文章后殘留在腦海中的一絲印象來(lái)勾選答案，這樣便很容易掉入出題人故意設(shè)布下的題目陷阱．所謂閱讀理解，對(duì)于題目的理解一定要忠實(shí)于原文，因此，每一道題都應(yīng)該與原文作全面的對(duì)比與核查，再得出答案．也就是說(shuō)，閱讀理解的每一道題目，在原文都應(yīng)該有明確的出處，我們把這一出處叫做原文相關(guān)句，（1）排除與原文相關(guān)句主題不一致的選項(xiàng)（2）排除與原文相關(guān)句態(tài)度相反的選項(xiàng) （3）排除用于過(guò)于極端或負(fù)面的選項(xiàng)（4）注意結(jié)合文章主旨和主題去排除．
