17.At first,the earth's surface layer(層) was made up of huge blocks of hard,solid rocks.Then slowly,there rocks broke up into smaller and smaller pieces.Finally stones,pebble(卵石)and grains of sand were formed.Many sorts of plants and animals lived and died on the surface of the earth.Their remains mixed up with the stones,pebbles and  formed soil.The outmost layer of the earth is soil.
There are many ways in which large pieces of rock break into smaller ones.Wind,water,heat and cold help to break up rocks.When winds blow grains of sand against a large rock for a long time,the softer layers of the rock are slowly worn away.These leave holes and cracks in the rock,which become bigger and finally the rock breaks up into smaller pieces.
The moving water of streams and rivers also help to break up rocks.As the water moves along,it carries with it small pieces of rock.These rub the larger ones.Thus,the larger rocks are worn down to smaller pieces.
The heat of the sun is also helpful to breaking up rocks.When the sun shines,the rocks become very hot.If these rocks are suddenly cooled,they may crack.Ice also plays a part in making soil.Water in the cracks can turn into ice in cold weather.As this happens,it becomes bigger and the cracks become wider,and finally break into smaller pieces.
12.According to the passage,soilA.
A.forms very slowly
B.is a mixture of stones,pebbles and sand
C.make up the layers of the earth
D.is becoming smaller and smaller
13.How many factors are mentioned in helping the forming of soil?B
A.Three.B.Four.
C.Five.D.More than five.
14.Which of the following speeds up the breaks of rocks most?C
A.Hot weather.
B.Cold water.
C.Sharp changes in temperature.
D.More dead plants in the cracks.
15.Which of the following is NOT true?B
A.The remains of many plants of animals formed soil.
B.If a large rock never moves,it will never break up.
C.Even if a large rock never moves,it will break up.
D.Ice in the cracks helps to break up rocks.

分析 文章主要講述大塊巖石經(jīng)過風(fēng)化分解而最終形成土壤的過程.

解答 ABCB
12  A   細(xì)節(jié)題.第一段詳細(xì)描述了土壤的形成過程,大意為"起初,地球表層由大塊堅(jiān)硬的巖石組成,然后,這些大塊巖石分裂成小塊礫石,千百年來這些礫石與生物的遺體混合,最后形成了土壤",由此可知土壤的形成過程特別漫長.故正確答案為A.
13  B   細(xì)節(jié)題.根據(jù)文章第二段Wind,water,heat and cold help to break up rocks.可知幫助土壤形成的因素有4個,故選B.
14   C  細(xì)節(jié)題.由最后一段第二、三句"When the sun shines,the rock become very hot.If these rocks are suddenly cooled,they may crack."可知,氣溫驟變最可有效促使巖石風(fēng)化.故正確答案為C.
15   B  細(xì)節(jié)題.A項(xiàng),由第一段倒數(shù)第二句"Their remains mixed up with the stones,pebbles and formed soil."可知A項(xiàng)所述與原文匹配,所以A項(xiàng)不符合題干要求.B、C項(xiàng),文中列舉的各種風(fēng)化,都未提到巖石移動,所以B項(xiàng)與原文描述不符,符合題干要求;C項(xiàng)與原文匹配,所以C項(xiàng)不符合題干要求.D項(xiàng),由最后一段最后兩句"Water in the cracks can turn into ice in cold weather.As this happens,it becomes bigger and the cracks become wider,and finally break up into smaller pieces."可知,冰能促使巖石風(fēng)化分解,所以D項(xiàng)所述與原文匹配,所以D項(xiàng)不符合題干要求.故正確答案為B.

點(diǎn)評 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進(jìn)行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí),要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.

練習(xí)冊系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:完形填空

7.Antarctica(南極) is like no other place in the world.It is (41)D.It is very big.It is like the United States and Australia together.Antarctica is the (42)C place in the world.The temperature is sometimes-87℃.August and September are the coldest months because there is no (43)A.
Antarctica is the highest continent,about 10,000feet high.Antarctica also has very strong winds.The wind sometimes (44)B as fast as two hundred miles an hour.It is also the driest place in the world.
Antarctica is also (45)A.There are huge glaciers and ice everywhere.A glacier is an area of ice that (46)D slowly.The ice and glaciers are beautiful.But most plants and land animals cannot(47)C on the ice.There are no trees,no rivers,and no cities in Antarctica.Only penguins and other sea birds live there.
Antarctica does not (48)D any one country.(49)B,every country owns Antarctica.More than twenty countries have stations in Antarctica.A station is a place where scientists do experiments.The(50)A are the only people who live in Antarctica.
Life on an Antarctica station is (51)A It is like life on a space station.The sun shines for six months,and then it is (52)Bfor six months.People usually have problems with sleeping and eating.They eat more (53)D they are not busy.In an emergency,it is hard to get (54)C.Once,an American doctor Nielsen realized she was(55)C.She had cancer.It was winter,and airplanes could not(56)A in Antarctica.Dr.Nielsen had no choice but to (57)B.An airplane dropped medicine to her,and she had to(58)D herself.Several months later,Dr.Nielsen(59)C to the United States to get special medical help.
Today,ships go to Antarctica during the summer months from November to February.People want to (60)B this unusual place,but they don't want to live there!

41.A.strangeB.flatC.terribleD.unique
42.A.greatestB.cleanestC.coldestD.worst
43.A.sunB.a(chǎn)irC.waterD.food
44.A.comesB.blowsC.risesD.drops
45.A.emptyB.dangerousC.noisyD.important
46.A.formsB.happensC.shakesD.moves
47.A.remainB.produceC.liveD.change
48.A.depend onB.complete withC.a(chǎn)ppeal toD.belong to
49.A.Above allB.In factC.For exampleD.On average
50.A.scientistsB.huntersC.fishermenD.sailors
51.A.hardB.interestingC.normalD.a(chǎn)ctive
52.A.dayB.nightC.vacationD.winter
53.A.whileB.soC.thoughD.because
54.A.messagesB.repliesC.helpD.relief
55.A.a(chǎn)loneB.a(chǎn)nxiousC.sickD.hungry
56.A.landB.remainC.standD.fly
57.A.continueB.stayC.workD.a(chǎn)djust
58.A.took pride inB.felt sorry forC.pay attention toD.took care of
59.A.referredB.traveledC.returnedD.drove
60.A.rememberB.visitC.controlD.save

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解

8.If you want to help children develop language and speech skills,UCLA researchers say,listening to what they have to say is just as important as talking to them.
   The effect of a conversation between a child and an adult is about six times as great as the effect of adult speech input alone,the researchers found."Adults speaking to children helps language develop,but what matters much more is the interaction,"said the study's lead author,F(xiàn)rederick Zimmerman,an associate professor in the School of Public Health at the University of California,Los Angeles.The researchers also found that TV viewing didn't have much of an effect-positively or negatively-as long as it wasn't displacing conversations between an adult and a child.
   The UCLA study included 275 families with children between 2 months and 48 months old.They represented a variety of incomes and education.The researchers found that,in an average day,children heard about 13,000 spoken words from adults and participated in about 400 adult-child conversations a day.
   Assessed separately,factors positively associated with language development included each additional 100 conversations a day and each 1,000 word increase in the number of words spoken by adults and heard by children.When looked at alone,TV was negatively associated with language development.But,when the three factors were analyzed together,the only one that stood out was conversation between adults and children.
"The more a child speaks and interacts with an adult,the better idea a parent has about where the child is,"Zimmerman said."Although it's mostly done unconsciously,parents will provide feedback and correct mistakes.They'll alsotailor their speech to the child.Parents can give a child words by talking to them about what they're doing,such as,‘I'm putting on your pajamas now'.But give your child the opportunity to talk,hopefully without the rest of the noise in the environment,"she added."If parents can carve out some conversation time-maybe at bath time or at dinner time-that's a wonderful thing."
56.The researchers also found that TV viewingB.
A.could have a positive effect on a child's language development
B.had a little effect on a child's language development
C.a(chǎn)ffected a child's language development more negatively than positively
D.a(chǎn)ffected a child's language development both negatively and positively
57.Frederick Zimmerman would probably agree thatB.
A.parents should let their children talk most of the time
B.the conversation between parents and children should be two-way
C.children should watch TV programs selectively
D.it's no good for parents to correct their children's mistakes when they are  speaking
58.We can conclude from the last paragraph thatD.
A.parents should let a child repeat what he or she says
B.bath time or dinner time is the best chance for parents to talk to a child
C.parents should leave a child talking alone  
D.parent child conversation can be carried out at any proper time
59.What would be the best title for the passage?C
A.Let your children voice their own opinions
B.How to develop a child's language ability  
C.Talk with kids,not at them
D.The importance of early child language development
60.The underlined word"tailor"in the last paragraph can be best replaced by"A."
A.a(chǎn)djust        
B.control              
C improve          
D.pass.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解

5.The swallows of Capistrano may be famous for returning to the same nests each spring.But they have nothing on the purple martins(紫燕).These beautiful birds spend each winter in the warm climate of south America,then return each spring to nesting places in the Southeastern United States.
    Purple martins are birds that are pleasant to watch.Many people also like to have the martins around because the birds control insect pests.If hollow gourds(空葫蘆) with two-inch open spaces are hung out for them,martins are happy to move in.They require only small open spaces to discourage wild animals from eating them.The gourds should also be hung in an open place away from buildings or trees,so squirrels(松鼠)or cats can't disturb the birds.
    Common garden grown gourds sometimes rot(腐爛)in the climate of the southeast,so many purple martin lovers have tried using different materials to create stronger nest.Lengths of plastic pipe have been used,along with old-fashioned wooden bird houses with martin-sized entrance holes,but the birds clearly prefer the shape of a gourd.One company is now selling a plastic gourd,just the right size and shape with a two-inch entrance hole for the martins.The hole is high enough to allow the martins about four inches.The plastic gourd is somewhat attractive and can be used for a long time.
    The permanent(永久的)state is important for martin lovers because the birds can become almost part of the family.Some families have had the same groups of martins returning to their yards each year for sixty days.
43.The purpose of the passage is toB.
A.discuss the swallows of Capistrano
B.describe homes for purple martins
C.discuss the season journey of purple martins
D.discuss the uses of gourds
44.According to the passage,which of the following statements is Not True?C
A.Gourds should be hung in open spaces.
B.Small open spaces in gourds discourage wild animals.
C.The swallows of Capistrano are actually purple martins.
D.Plastic gourds are now being sold as homes for purple martins.
45.It can be concluded from the passage thatA.
A.some people try to make proper nest to attract purple martins
B.purple martins never nest in the same place tw o years
C.too many purple martins nesting in one area can become a harm
D.plastic gourds are not as good as wooden bird houses
46.The passage suggests thatD.
A.wooden bird houses are too small for purple martins
B.Purple martins refuse to live in any place but plastic gourds
C.purple martins are dangerous to small animals
D.Purple martins don't like to live with squirrels.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解

12.Why do we like drinking water from plastic bottles(塑料瓶)?Some people think it is healthy and clean.Others drink bottled water because it's easy-you can carry it around with you.In hot countries,like Greece,we often buy bottles of cold water in the summer.
However,making lots of plastic is not a good idea for many reasons.First of all,we need a lot of oil for plastic products.We usually use oil as a source of energy.If we reduced the number of bottles we made,we wouldn't need so much oil.Plastic bottles also pollute the environment.If we reused all our plastic bottles,we wouldn't need so much space for rubbish dumps.But in Greece,we don't reuse much of the plastic we use.In 2006,Greeks reused only about 10% of plastic waste.The rest became rubbish on land and in rivers and seas.
So next time you want to throw away a plastic bottle in the litter bin,stop and think.If you reuse it,you would help the environment.But what can you do when there isn't a bin near you?Well,there are lots of useful ways that you can use your bottles again.For example,an empty bottle makes a great piggy bank for your pocket money,and if you cut a bottle in half,you will have a plant pot.Go green!You can make a difference..
28.What is not mentioned about bottled water in this passage?D
A.It's healthy.
B.It's clean.
C.It's easy.
D.It's expensive.
29.Plastic products are made fromB.
A.energy
B.oil  
C.rubbish 
D.plants
30.Which is the best way to deal with used plastic bottles?A
A.To reuse them.
B.To make a piggy bank.
C.To make a plant pot.
D.To drop them into the river.
31.The underlined part in this passage tells us"C".
A.To make a different life,you'd better go outside.
B.To look different,you'd better wear green clothes.
C.To protect the environment,you can do something.
D.To go green,you should use plastic products.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解

2.Welcome to your future life!
You get up in the morning and look into the mirror.Your face is firm and young-looking.In 2035,medical technology is better than ever.Many people your age could live to be 150,so at 40,you're not old at all.And your parents just had an anti-aging treatment.Now,all three of look the same age!
You say to your shirt,"Turn red."It changes from blue to red.In 2035,"smart clothes"contain particles(粒子) much smaller than the cells in your body.The particles can be programmed to change clothes'color or pattern.
You walk into the kitchen.You pick up the milk,but a voice says,"You shouldn't drink that!"Your fridge has read the chip (芯片) that contains information about the milk,and it knows the milk is old.In 2035,every article of food in the grocery store has such a chip.
It's time to go to work.In 2035,cars drive themselves.Just tell your"smart car"where to go.On the way,you can call a friend using your jacket sleeve.Such"smart technology"is all around you.
So will all these things come true?"For new technology to succeed,"says scientist Andrew Zolli,"it has to be so much better that it replaces what we have already."The Internet is one example-what will be the next?
41.We can learn from the text that in the futureD.
A.people will never get old
B.everyone will look the same
C.red will be the most popular color
D.clothes will be able to change their pattern
42.What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?C
A.Milk will be harmful to health.
B.More drinks will be available for sale.
C.Food in the grocery store will carry electronic information.
D.Milk in the grocery store will stay fresh much longer.
43.Which of the following is mentioned in the text?D
A.Nothing can replace the Internet.
B.Fridges will know what people need.
C.Jacked sleeves can be used as a guide.
D.Cars will be able to drive automatically.
44.What is the text mainly about?B
A.Food and clothing in 2035.
B.Future technology in everyday life.
C.Medical treatments of the future.
D.The reason for the success of new technology.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解

9.What's the difference between travel and tourism?Well,being a traveller is more than just being aholiday maker.A holiday is just a short time away,and it normally involves relaxation.Tourists stay in holiday resorts (勝地),not travellers.Travellers go for the experience and their journeys are usually much longer and more challenging.For example,travellers always avoid tourist traps and like to go off the beaten track to discover new places.Travel is an age-old phenomenon,but tourism is a relatively recent invention.Thomas Cook is often described as the first travel agent because he arranged the first"package tour":a 19-kilometre trip for 500people,in 1841.
Going overseas in order to experience a different way of life is what many people think of as travel,but travel does not necessarily mean going abroad.How many people can say they have visited every part of their own country?Many people who live in vast countries such as Russia and the USA have only visited a small part of their own country,and so domestic (國內(nèi)的) travel is also very exciting.It's a surprising fact that about 75percent of US citizens do not own a passport,so travellin does not mean leaving the country for them.
Some people can't travel or don't like the physical reality of travelling to faraway destinations.These days it is easy to be an"armchair traveller".People can visit distant corners of the world or even little known parts of their own country without leaving their living rooms.Television documentaries make the world a small place and some people argue that travel is no longer necessary.Perhaps soon people will use interactive (交互式的)  computer programmes and virtual (虛擬的) travel will become common.Enthusiasts argue that by doing this we will have all the benefits of travel without the inconvenience.
32.Compared with tourists,travellersD.
A.seek relaxation       
B.a(chǎn)re just holiday makers
C.like to stay in holiday resorts
D.go on long and challenging journeys
33.The underlined part"go off the beaten tackin Paragraph 1probaby meansB.
A.obey the rules
B.break the routine  
C.follow the tradition 
D.do something familiar
34.What is an"armcair traveller"mentioned in the last paragraph?C
A.A traveller travelling in an armchair.
B.A traveller going on domestic travels.
C.A traveller travelling without leaving home.
D.A traveller travelling to faraway destinations.
35.How could travel develop in the future?B
A.Domestic travel will become common.
B.Virtual tourism may become very popular.
CMany people may travel to large countries.
D.Many people may choose to travel overseas.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解

6.Being able to count at least ten people as friends makes us happy,but those with five or fewer are likely to be miserable,researchers say.Their study of hundreds of men and women also found that people who feel satisfied with their   lives always have lots of close friends and regularly make new ones.While it is not clear whether our friends make us happy or we make friends because we are happy,the researchers say it is clear that we should maintain our friendships.Psychologist Richard     Tunney said,"Whatever the reason is,actively working on friendships in the same way as to     maintain a marriage is a prerequisite(必備條件) to happiness."Dr.Tunney,of Nottingham University,quizzed more than 1,700 people about their satisfaction  with their lives and the state of their friendships.Those with five friends or fewer had just a 40 percent chance of being happy.In other words they were more likely to be unhappy than happy.Ten was the first number at which people were more likely to be happy than unhappy.The happiest   people were those with dozens of friends,according to the study,which was carried out for the   National Lottery(彩票).
For women,this meant having 33 friends;for men,the number was 49.Dr.Tunney said,
"People who were extremely satisfied with their lives had twice the number of friends of people  who were extremely dissatisfied."Women tended to have fewer friends than men but formed     tighter relationships.Interestingly,the study found that childhood friends are no more likely to make us happy than    people we become close to later in life.Lottery winners,however,have a different
opinion on life.They are always happier than others despite spending their time with a
small circle of old friends.This could be because they trust people they've known for a
long time.
25.What's the best title for this passage?B
A.The Secret to Happiness Is to Make New Friends
B.Having at Least 10 Good Friends Makes People Happy
C.Why Most People Like to Make Friends Regularly
D.Men's and Women's Friends Are Different
26.Which of the following opinions may Richard Tunney NOT agree with?A
A.People with few friends are sure to be unhappy.
B.Our friends can make us happy.
C.Happiness may come from a good marriage life.
D.We may become happier if we have more friends.
27.According to the passage,lottery winnersC.
A.enjoy making new friends            
B.make new friends easily
C.like staying with old friends           
D.have no time to make friends
28.We can conclude from the passage thatD.
A.it's enough for one person to have ten friends
B.unhappy people must have few friends
C.childhood friends make people happier than adulthood ones
D.friendships play a major role in people's life.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解

7.Professional Mandarin Chinese Teacher for Home/Office Lessons in Shanghai
Posted by Christina Wang@2009-5-271 Expiration:2009-6-24
112 views in total
Details
We provide a premier mandarin Chinese language learning experience for students for all levels.It offers beginner,intermediate and advanced courses,individual or group classes,corporate training,professional and friendly teachers,affordable prices as well as modern,convenient facilities located in the heart of Shanghai.
The beginner intensive courses for 2009 are:
May 1 to May 31,8:00 am-12:00 am,13:00 pm-17:00 pm,from Monday-Friday.Our beginner intensive courses meet from Mon-Fri,2 hours a day,in a small group (3 to 5 students).It is a best way to learn Chinese quickly and to meet friends from all around the world.
Features and Services
1.high quality professional mandarin teachers
2.small class sizes
3.charming facilities
4.cultural activities
5.warm,personal attention
6.free broad and wireless Internet access
A free trial lesson will be offered.Contact me at the following address.Hope to talk to you soon.
Course consultant:Christina
E-mail:shhmandarin@yahoo,com
Cell phone:13816984107
63.Which of the following is true according to the passage?D
A.The courses are mainly for beginners of mandarin.
B.The courses are given on the Internet.
C.Applicants can only contact the consultant via email
D.We don't know how much to pay for the courses.
64.Which of the following services will have to be charged?B
A.Wireless Internet access during the courses.
B.Beginner intensive courses of mandarin.
C.Consulting the information of the courses.
D.A trial lesson of the mandarin courses.
65.Which of the following cannot be found in the advertisement?C
A.The time the advertisement was posted.
B.Teaching conditions provided,
C.Detailed address of the training center.
D.Ways for communication and consultation.
66.Where can you possibly find the above advertisement?B
A.In a Chinese textbook.
B.On the Internet.
C.In a Shanghai TV program.
D.In an English newspaper.

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊答案