Question

【題目】短文改錯

請你修改下面短文，共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏子符號（∧）并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用(＼)劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

On February 5th, our city saw a disaster of snowstorm where had never happened in the last fifty years.

The snowstorm lasted for several days, greatly affected people’s life. It snowed heavy and many vehicles were trapped on the roads. Therefore, people were forced to head for our destinations on foot. Not only all the flights canceled but many trains were also delayed. The city government called on all the citizens or soldier to fight a campaign of removing the heavy snow. Beside, the city government took all kinds of urgent measure to rescue the people trapped in the snowstorm to ensure that everything returned to normal as soon as possible.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】where -- that/ which

【2】greatly前加and

【3】affected --- affecting

【4】heavy --- heavily

【5】our --- their

【6】Not only后加were

【7】or --- and

【8】soldier --- soldiers

【9】Beside --- Besides

【10】measure --- measures

【解析】

試題分析：本文講的是一座城市遭遇一場暴風雪并造成危害的事

【1】where -- that/ which考查連詞。where用于先行詞為地點，此處先行詞為snowstorm，故where -- that/ which

【2】greatly前加and，考查連詞，前后兩個從句是一個完整的句子，是并列關系，用and。

【3】affected --- affecting考查動詞。動名詞作主語用動詞ing形式，故affected --- affecting

【4】heavy --- heavily考查副詞。修飾動詞snowed用副詞，雪下得很大。故heavy --- heavily

【5】our --- their考查代詞。此句的主語是people，故代詞用第三人稱。故our --- their

【6】Not only后加were，考查be動詞，連詞but前后從句時態(tài)一致，故Not only后加were

【7】or --- and，考查連詞，這里意思表肯定，是肯定句，表并列關系，所有的居民和士兵，連詞用and，故or --- and

【8】soldier --- soldiers，考查名詞。此處表所有的居民和士兵，用復數(shù)，故soldier --- soldiers

【9】Beside --- Besides考查介詞。Beside是在旁邊的意思，Besides是除此之外、還有，此處要表達的是除此之外、還有的意思，故Beside --- Besides

【10】measure --- measures考查名詞。all kinds of各種各樣的，表復數(shù)。故measure --- measures

【學法指導】

在短文改錯中常出現(xiàn)的錯誤主要有以下幾類：

1. 名詞單復數(shù)用錯，可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的混用。比如最后一句the city government took all kinds of urgent measure to rescue the people trapped in the snowstorm to ensure that everything returned to normal as soon as possible. all kinds of各種各樣的，表復數(shù)。measure是可數(shù)名詞，故measure --- measures

2. 動詞：時態(tài)和語態(tài)，常出現(xiàn)在總體時態(tài)為過去或現(xiàn)在時，中間雜有不適的另一時態(tài)的現(xiàn)象；或是及物動詞后無賓語，或是不及物動詞后加了賓語；需要接ing形式的接了to，或相反等。比如第二句The snowstorm lasted for several days, greatly affected people’s life. 考查動詞。動名詞作主語用動詞ing形式，故affected --- affecting

3. 形容詞副詞：常出現(xiàn)需形容詞的地方用了副詞或相反；關系副詞where， when， why等的缺失或錯用。比如第3句It snowed heavy and many vehicles were trapped on the roads. 考查副詞。修飾動詞snowed用副詞，雪下得很大。故heavy --- heavily

4. 介詞：主要是介詞的多余或缺失，錯用。比如最后一句Beside, the city government took all kinds of ... 考查介詞。Beside是在旁邊的意思，Besides是除此之外、還有，此處要表達的是除此之外、還有的意思，故Beside --- Besides

5. 主謂一致性：第三人稱單數(shù)漏掉s，或主語為復數(shù)，謂語動詞用了單數(shù)；再就是就近原則對主語的影響。

6. 冠詞：定冠詞the的多余或缺失，如季節(jié)，月份，星期，球類及三餐活動，稱呼頭銜前等不能加the的地方加了the。

7. 數(shù)詞：主要是序數(shù)詞與基數(shù)詞的混用和錯用。

8. 連詞：不合句中的邏輯關系。如需轉(zhuǎn)折連詞（如but）的時候用了承接連詞（so），或相反等等。比如第6句The city government called on all the citizens or soldier to fight a campaign of removing the heavy snow. 考查連詞，這里意思表肯定，是肯定句，表并列關系，所有的居民和士兵，連詞用and，故or --- and

9. 代詞：主要是代詞的格與數(shù)的錯用。如男性用了女性代詞，單數(shù)用了復數(shù)代詞或相反；應當用形容詞性的物主代詞用了賓格，主格或相反，關系代詞的錯用或缺失。

10. 常用固定短語或固定用法及句型用錯。