Dogs can be worried and pessimistic just like people, researchers report in a new study in Current Biology. And they aren’t talking about basset hounds (短腳獵狗): those dogs just look as if they expect the worst.
What the scientists say is that dogs that exhibit anxiety when left home alone by their owners may have bigger problems — they may be in a permanent bad mood.
This pessimistic outlook may not otherwise be easily apparent in a dog’s other characteristics, like running speed or learning ability, the study reports.
Dogs are similar to humans in the role that emotional state plays in decision making, said Michael Mendel, a veterinary scientist at the University of Bristol and the study’s lead author. The study’s researchers looked at 24 dogs in shelters in Britain.
They placed the dogs in isolated settings and observed their reactions — many barked, jumped on furniture and scratched at the door.
Then they placed bowls in two rooms. One bowl contained food, while another was empty. After training the dogs to understand that bowls can sometimes be empty, and sometimes full, they began to place bowls in ambiguous locations.
Dogs that quickly raced to the locations were more optimistic, and in search of food. Those that did not were deemed pessimistic.
The more separation anxiety a dog expressed while in isolation, the more likely the dog was to have a pessimistic reaction, the researchers found.
The study carries an important message for dog owners, Dr. Mendel said.
Dogs that express serious anxiety when alone may need treatment, as it could be a sign of unhappiness and instability.
小題1:This passage can be classified as _________.
A．a(chǎn)n advertisementB．a(chǎn) feature story
C．a(chǎn) news reportD．a(chǎn) book review
小題2: In the study, many dogs barked, jumped and scratched because __________.
A．they couldn’t find the bowl with food in it
B．they were left alone
C．they needed to be treated
D．they wanted to be active and optimistic
小題3:According to Dr. Mendel, which statement is true?
A．Like humans, dogs are good at decision making.
B．Dog owners should train dogs to find food.
C．Emotional state works sometimes when humans make decision.
D．Dogs can always find the bowl with food quickly.
小題4:What can we learn from the passage?
A．Dogs will be optimistic as long as they are left alone.
B．Dogs must be in a permanent bad mood when their owners left.
C．Dogs that express anxiety don’t need treatment.
D．Dogs may easily show their pessimistic outlook in learning ability.

小題1:C
小題2:B
小題3:C
小題4:D
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A couple of years ago, those who forecast that oil price would reach $ 100 a barrel were seen as doomsters. However, now some are predicting $ 200 a barrel.
Had economists been told that oil price would barely pause at $ 100 before reaching the recent peak of nearly $ 127, they would no doubt have forecast terrible economic consequences. But the global economy, though interrupted by the high price of energy, is still chugging along. Meanwhile, inflation has picked up, but the headline rates of inflation (通貨膨脹率) in most developed countries are nowhere near the levels seen in the 1970s and 1980s.
There are three explanations for the oil price’s unclear impact. The first is that nowadays developed economies are more efficient in their use of energy, thanks partly to the increased importance of service industries and the diminished role of manufacturing(制造業(yè)). According to the Energy Information Administration, the energy intensity of America’s GDP fell by 42% between 1980 and 2007.
A second theory is that the oil-price rise has been steady, not sudden, giving the economy time to adjust. Giovanni Serio of Goldman Sachs points out that in 1973 there was a severe supply shock because of the oil embargo(石油禁運), when the world had to cope with 10%-15% less crude almost overnight. Not this time.
The third explanation turns the argument on its head; rather than oil harming the global economy, it is global expansion that is driving up the price of oil.
The most important factor is the shift in favor of the developing economies. America has responded to high price in familiar fashion: UBS forecasts that demand will drop by 1.1% this year and will be no higher in 2010 than it was in 2004. But the demand from China and other emerging markets is more than offsetting(抵消) this shortfall.
小題1:What is the passage mainly talking about?
A．The prediction of economists.B．The situation of economy
C．The increase of oil priceD．The American response to high price
小題2:How many explanations for the oil price’s impact are mentioned in the passage?
A．TwoB．ThreeC．FourD．Five
小題3:What can we conclude from the passage?
A．In USA, the demand for oil in 2010 will be very high.
B．In USA, the demand for oil in 2010 will be higher than it was in 2004.
C．In USA, the demand for oil in 2010 will be as high as it was in 2004.
D．In USA, the demand for oil in 2010 will be as low as it was in 2004.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The battle for the leadership of Britain’s Labour Party ended on September 25. Five candidates competed for the top job, but it turned out to be a tale of two brothers. Victory went to Ed Miliband, 40, with his elder brother David, 45, coming a close second. Ed’s Miliband’s job will now be to try to lead his party back into power and oppose Prime Minister David Cameron.
The two Milibands were both ministers in the Gordon Brown government. David Miliband, as Foreign Secretary, held the third most important post in UK politics. US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton described him as “vibrant and attractive”. Ed, who had a lesser role in government as Minister of Climate Change, was valued for his contribution to policy discussions and for his performance at the Copenhagen Conference on Climate Change last December.
The Miliband brothers were born to political parents. Their father, Ralph, was a Marxist scholar. He came to Britain from Belgium in 1940, fleeing the Nazis. Ralph Miliband was buried beside Karl Marx in London’s Highgate Cemetery. His wife Marion, the brothers’ mother, remains an active party member at 76.
The two brothers represent different wings of the Labour Party. David supported former Prime Minister Tony Blair; Ed was a follower of Blair’s great rival Gordon Brown, the last Labour PM.
“We’re determined to make sure that family comes before politics, and I don’t think there’s any chance that politics is going to get in the way,” David Miliband said before the vote.
After the result, the two embraced in front of the cameras.
In his acceptance speech, Ed Miliband said to his brother: “David, I love you so much as a brother. And I have such extraordinary respect for the campaign that you ran.”
But some feel their warm words were for the media and for the sake of party unity. There had been reports of anger on David’s part when his younger brother chose to stand against him. David may feel that the leadership was stolen from him-and by his own brother. Ed himself was reported to be concerned that he might have hurt David. According to the Guardian, after the result, Ed’s first reaction was: “what have I done to David?”
Ed suggested that he was prepared to make his brother shadow chancellor. But David has decided it is time to move on. He will not have a role in the Shadow Cabinet in the future.
In effect, he has fallen on his sword for the Party. David Miliband said the priority was to allow his brother to make a success of leading Labour: “I believe this will be harder if there is constant comparison with my comments and position as a member of the shadow cabinet.”
小題1:. Ed Miliband became head of Britain’s Labour Party because ______.
A．he played an important role in the previous British government.
B．his arguments at political discussions and his performance at an international conference
C．Hillary Clinton thought highly of him
D．his brother supported him both at home and politics.
小題2:. According to the passage, which is NOT TRUE?
A．Ed and David both worked in the government.
B．Ralph Miliband came to Britain because of the Nazis.
C．Tony Blair, Gordon Brown and David Cameron are all Labour Party Prime Ministers.
D．David Miliband and Ed Miliband’s mother is still alive.
小題3:.What can be inferred from the passage?
A．David Miliband and Ed Miliband fought against each other both at home and politics.
B．Ed was concerned about David’s feelings after the election.
C．David and Ed were born into a political family.
D．David and Ed agreed with each other on most of the issues
小題4:.What does the underlined sentence mean?
A．David accepted his brother’s invitation to be a shadow chancellor.
B．David was determined to fight against his brother.
C．David was so upset that he would end his life with a sword for the Party.
D．David refused his brother’s offer for him to be a shadow chancellor.
小題5:.Which of the following can best describe the relationship between David and Ed?
A．Brothers and political rivalsB．Partners in the political campaign
C．Partners in public and enemy in privateD．Representatives of different wings of Labour Party

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Last Friday a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying (摧毀) fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly damaged (破壞) that their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs. One person was killed, several were badly hurt and taken to hospital, and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm.
A farmer, Mr. Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour.
“I was eating with my wife and children,” he said, “When we heard a loud noise. A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him,
safe but very frightened.”
Mrs. Woo Mei Fong said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children.
“There was no time to take anything,” she said, “A few minutes later, the roof came down.”
Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded (水淹的) area and the welfare department (福利機構(gòu)) brought them food, clothes and shelter.
小題1:How many homes altogether (總共) were damaged in the storm?
A．FourteenB．Twenty-one
C．Twenty-nineD．Thirty-six
小題2:Where was Mr. Tan when the storm first began?
A．He was in bed.B．He was inside the house.
C．He was outside the house.D．He was on the roof.
小題3: Mrs. Woo and her family didn’t get hurt because _________.
A．her husband knew there would be a storm
B．they were all outside the house when the storm became worse
C．she felt the house was moving
D．the welfare department helped her
小題4: The underlined word “shelter” in this passage means ______.
A．something to eatB．something to wear
C．somewhere to studyD．somewhere to stay
小題5:Which of he following may be the best title for this passage?
A．A Terrible StormB．A Lucky Woman
C．Good SoldiersD．Clever People

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

     Officials say an elephant has killed an American woman and her baby while the family was on a tour in Kenya．Kenya Wildlife Service official Michel Kipkeu said Sharon Brown，39, was holding her one-year-old daughter when they were trampled (踩踏) by the elephant Monday．Melia van Laar, owner of the castle Forest Hotel，where the family was walking with a guide about 2 kilometers from the hotel when an elephant came out from the bush at full speed．The father of the family is a teacher in Naiobi．Friends and colleagues held funeral services Wednesday．
From world leaders on the White House lawn to people at the bus stop，the common handshake is the universal greeting of peace and kindness．But young people are kissing goodbye to traditional social etiquette (禮節(jié))，killing off the handshake, researchers say．The custom is seen as too formal by many, who prefer to touch fists or blow an air kiss instead．Nearly 74 percent of adults shake hands less than they used to — and only 45 percent of under-25s use the greeting．But many prefer no physical contact at all, a side effect of the growing fear of diseases，according to the survey of 1,000 people．
The growing mountain of e-waste will cause great environmental damage if no new strategies are produced to deal with the discarded televisions, mobile phones and computers，the UN Environment Program (UNEP) study said．Electronic waste is piling up around the world at a rate estimated at 40 million tons a year．China produces 2.6 million tons of electronic waste a year,  second only to the United States with 3.3 million tons, it said．LNEP Executive Director Achim Steiner said the globe was ill-prepared to deal with the explosion of electronic products over the past decade．
小題1:What’s the main idea of the 1paragraph?
A．Tour in Kenya
B．Kenya wildlife Service
C．A one-year-old girl trampled by an elephant
D．American mother, baby killed by elephant in Kenya
小題2:Yong people wave goodbye to handshakes because     
A．they prefer physical contact
B．many young people think handshaking is too formal
C．they prefer to touch fists or blow an air kiss
D．they are not accustomed to handshaking
小題3:What ean be inferred from passage three?
A．America ranks first in producing e-waste a year
B．China produces 2.6 million tons of electronic waste a year
C．the globe was ill prepared to deal with the explosion of electronic products
D．The growlng mountain of e-wasted won’t cause great environmental damage．
小題4:The underlined word“discarded”means      
A．dislikedB．desertedC．scarred D．scared
小題5:The passages are most likely to appear in a/an       
A．brochureB．science bookC．newspaperD．magazine

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空


第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）
BRITISH newspapers are among the oldest and most famous in the world. But recently big changes have   36   these traditional publications try to  37  the modern world. After 216 years, The Times has halved its   38   to become much smaller. In fact, the paper has  39  its size in half from a broadsheet to tabloid（小型報紙）.
In Britain the newspaper market is  40  between the larger broadsheets and the smaller tabloids. These terms  41  the size of the papers' pages but there is also a clear  42  in content. Broadsheets such as The Times, the Guardian and Daily Telegraph are  43  papers. They  44  a broad range of political, economic and international issues. Their stories are also  45  long and use quite formal language.
Tabloids have  46  more stories about less serious issues such as celebrities' love lives. Their stories are shorter and use more  47  language. Tabloids often have bigger pictures. Britain's  48  newspaper, the Sun, is a tabloid and has a naked page on page three every day.
By  49  to the size of a tabloid, The Times is following in the  50  of a less famous broadsheet paper, the Independent. It changed to tabloid last year and saw its sales increase  51 . Although both papers have   52   to the smaller size, the content of the papers has  53  the same. They are both still serious papers.
The two papers  54  that people find the smaller size easier to  55  when they travel to work on the bus or the train in the morning. The times says its new size is "compact", not tabloid.
36. A. found                   B. known                C. seen                   D. proved
37. A. match                    B. suit                     C. change                D. fit
38. A. length                       B. thickness             C. width                         D. size
39. A. printed                 B. cut                        C. added                       D. enlarged
40. A. divided                  B. separated                  C. arranged                D. marked
41. A. turn into                 B. think about               C. refer to                    D. connect with
42. A. meaning                  B. difference             C. mark                        D. sign
43. A. useful                        B. easy                    C. serious                  D. long
44. A. sell                       B. include                    C. take                      D. cover 
45. A. certainly             B. reasonably                      C. probably                D. necessarily
46. A. a few                        B. little                        C. far                           D. any
47. A. difficult                        B. simple                 C. easy                        D. good
48. A. best-selling                B. good-looking            C. slow-moving            D. ugly-looking
49. A. going                    B. getting                   C. coming                    D. changing
50. A. footsteps                       B. way                    C. direction                  D. method
51. A. slowly                    B. usually                    C. little                    D. greatly
52. A. halved                    B. made                   C. changed                 D. cut
53. A. become                   B. remained              C. left                   D. found
54. A. agree                     B. hope                    C. expect                 D. insist
55. A. handle                       B. look                         C. see                           D. buy

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Starting from April, 2010, you won’t be hearing the word “NBA” on sports programs on CCTV. Instead, sport host will give the full Chinese name when they refer to the NBA – National Basketball Association. You also won’t hear any other English abbreviations (縮略詞) on CCTV’s Chinese programs, such as GDP (gross domestic product), or WTO (World Trade Organization). You will hear their Chinese translations.
CCTV received a notice from the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television telling it to avoid using English-language abbreviations in their reports to protect the “purity” of the Chinese language. A few other TV stations also received the notice.
Fu Zhenguo, an editor of People’s Daily, is one of the people who suggested the change. “Firstly, using English in a Chinese-speaking environment is against Chinese law,” he said. “Then, using English on Chinese TV programs is unfair to people who don’t understand English. What’s worse, it will have a bad language influence on kids and teenagers.”
A lot of netizens have criticized the move, saying that it will cause problems for them.
“I understand what CD, VCD and DVD mean when I hear them. But I won’t know what the TV programs are talking about if I hear those products’ full Chinese names,” a netizen wrote in a BBS post. Following the same post, another netizen wrote jokingly: “I’m not listening to my MP3 now. I’m listening to my Moving Picture Experts Group-1 Audio Layer 3 (動態(tài)影像專家壓縮標準音頻第三層面).”
小題1:What does the underlined word “purity” in the second paragraph mean?
A．純正B．高貴C．時髦D．潮流
小題2:How many reasons did Fu Zhenguo list to show his support for the change?
A．1B．2C．3D．4
小題3:Some netizens went against the change because_______________.
A．the application of abbreviations will make Chinese popular.
B．the application of abbreviations will attract the youth.
C．the application of abbreviations will not simplify the understanding.
D．the application of abbreviations will not bring Chinese to an end.
小題4:What can be the full name of CCTV mentioned in the text?
A．Close Closet Top VideoB．China Central Television
C．China Common Time VoiceD．Closed-Circuit Television

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Wednesday, October 29,2008.
The United States federal government had two young men in the state of Tennessee arrested on October 22 on unknown charges.
In court documents published on Monday, it came to light that the men had discussed attacking an African – American school and killing 14 of them.
Another crime was about planning to murder Presidential candidate Barack Obama. According to their affidavits (口供), the suspects’ “final act of violence” would be like this: when they attacked Obama they would wear white suits and top hats and drive “their vehicle as fast as they could toward Obama shooting at him from the windows.”
The two suspects are Paul Schlesselman, 18, of West Helena, Arkansas and Daniel Cowart, 20, of Bells, Tennessee. According to the court papers, they met last month over the Internet through a friend. Schlesselman and Cowart are believed to share “very strong views” about White Power.
Schlesselman listed “being racist” as his occupation on his MySpace page. He further wrote: “I'm white. I'm proud. I get angry. I like guns.”
Cowart also had a MySpace page on which photos of guns were presented under a heading of “My Guns”. On his page he wrote, “Better to die quick fighting on your feet than to live forever begging on your knees.”
Some have questioned the pair's ability to carry out the charged plan, but authorities have been very concerned about Obama as the first black presidential candidate from a major party.
“We honestly don't know if they had the ability or the skill to carry out the kind of plan that they talked about.” said Malcolm Wiley, of the United Satates Secret Service in an interview with The New York Times. “But we take any threat seriously no matter how big or how small it is.”
Cowart and Schlesselman are scheduled to appear before a judge on Thursady.
小題1:The passage is mainly about____________.
A．Americans’ attitudes towards Barack ObarmaB．two young men planning to commit violence
C．the violence in the United StatesD．the disadvantages of the Internet
小題2:From the passage, we can know that the two young men_________.
A．shot 14 students in an African – American school B．came from the state of Tennessee
C．were proud of Barack ObamaD．have not been sentenced yet
小題3:Which of the following shows the right order of the events?
a．The two suspects were arrested.
b．The two suspects will be tried in the court.
c．Cowart set up his MySpace page on the Internet.
d．Malcolm Wiley was interviewed by The New York Times.
A．a(chǎn); b; c; dB．d; c; b; aC．c; a; d; bD．c; a; b; d
小題4:What can we infer from the news?
A．Most of the white people in the United States don’t like Barack Obama.
B．The two young men planned to shoot President Barack Obama.
C．The two young men were innocent in fact.
D．The two young men strongly believed that the president should be a white man

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

On April 24th, another natural disaster—the oil spill(泄露) in the Gulf of Mexico, happened．Millions of dollars have been used to help stop the spill and to clean up the animals, beaches, and land spoiled by the oil．Unfortunately, when many of these chemicals are used, more damage is caused to the environment, especially to lives in the sea．
But governments seem to accept the risk of transporting millions of tons of oil by ship every day so that we can fill up our cars and drive around and cause even more environmental damage．Interestingly, the biggest companies in the world produce cars, and the next biggest supply the gasoline to make them run.
Of all of today's environmental disasters, an oil spill may actually be one of the least serious．Although oil is poisonous, it is a natural material．In the end, it breaks down naturally．In 1967 the tanker Torrey Canyon sank off the Scilly Isles near the coast of England and spilled 120,000 tons of oil into the ocean．If you go there today, you will find it hard to see any sign that it ever happened．      
However, we should be thinking more about reducing our dependency on oil．Governments should be encouraging research into new technologies, such as cars run by solar power（太陽能）, electricity, hydrogen, and so on．Much of this research, in the past, was stopped by the oil, gas, and coal．
If the world's millions of cars were 10% more efficient（高效高☆考♂資♀源?網(wǎng)的）,we would need many fewer tankers crossing the oceans each year．If this happened, the risks of oil spills would be reduced, and the air we breathe would be cleaner and fresher, too．
小題1:What is the passage mainly talking about?
A．Oil spills pollution．B．What oil pollution is．
C．Oil tanker accidents．D．How to reduce oil pollution.
小題2:How does the author support the idea that oil spills are not as serious as people believe?
A．By giving a description．B．By making an argument．
C．By giving an example．D．By comparing．
小題3:Which suggestion is made for reducing oil tank accidents according to the passage?
A．We should build safer tankers in the near future．
B．We should develop new technologies to cut oil use．
C．Tankers should not be allowed to sail near the coastlines．
D．Countries should build more oil pipelines under the sea．
小題4:Where can you read this article?
A．In a story book．B．In a science magazine．
C．In a novel．D．In a travel guide．

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