Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable jobs. Personal advisors give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants. But in the executive (主管的) circle, beauty can become a liability.
While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman.
Handsome male executives were considered having more honesty than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to lead to their success.
Attractive female executives were considered to have less honesty than unattractive ones; their success was connected not with ability but with factors such as luck.
All unattractive women executives were thought to have more honesty and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was connected more to personal relationships and less to ability than that of the attractive overnight successes.
Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman is considered to be more feminine (女性的，嬌柔的) and has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally manly position appears to lack the “manly” qualifies required.
This is true even in politics, “When the only clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently,” says Anne Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates (候選人). She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again, in the order they would vote for them.
The results showed that attractive males completely defeated unattractive men, but the women who had ranked most attractive unchangeably received the fewest votes.
【小題1】The underlined word in the first paragraph “l(fā)iability” most probably means_________.

A．trust B．trouble C．disadvantage D．benefit
【小題2】Bowman's experiment shows that when it comes to politics, attractiveness________.
A．is more of a disadvantage than an advantage to women
B．turns out to be a disadvantage to men
C．has more effects on men than on women
D．has nothing to do with one’s work
【小題3】It can be inferred from the passage that people's views on beauty are often__________.
A．objective B．supportive C．old-fashioned D．subjective
【小題4】The author writes this passage to_________.
A．give advice to job-seekers who are attractive
B．discuss the disadvantages of being attractive
C．emphasize the impact of appearance on both sexes
D．make women pay more attention to their appearance


【小題1】C
【小題2】A
【小題3】D
【小題4】C

解析試題分析：作者在本文中敘述了外貌在人的事業(yè)成功方面做起的作用，既敘述了男性的情況也說明了女性的情況。人們在對不同外貌的成功做出判斷的時(shí)候，經(jīng)常不是按照事實(shí)來判斷，而是按照自己的主觀來判斷：美麗的女性的成功往往不是靠自己的能力。
【小題1】C 推理題。根據(jù)Personal advisors give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants. But in the executive (主管的) circle, beauty can become a liability.可知在很多情況下漂亮的人都會有更好的結(jié)果。但是現(xiàn)在情況已經(jīng)發(fā)生了變化，美麗現(xiàn)在不是優(yōu)勢，反而成為了劣勢。故C正確。本題的關(guān)鍵在于but，說明前后表示的是相反的意思。
【小題2】A 推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一段The results showed that attractive males completely defeated unattractive men, but the women who had ranked most attractive unchangeably received the fewest votes可知在政治領(lǐng)域，美麗往往不是優(yōu)勢，反而是劣勢。因?yàn)槿藗儠J(rèn)為美麗的女性不是靠自己的能力，而是靠運(yùn)氣或者其他的原因而成功。故A正確。
【小題3】D 推理題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知人們在對不同外貌的成功做出判斷的時(shí)候，經(jīng)常不是按照事實(shí)來判斷，而是按照自己的主觀來判斷：美麗的女性的成功往往不是靠自己的能力。這說明D項(xiàng)主觀的符合。
【小題4】C 主旨大意題。作者在本文中敘述了外貌在人的事業(yè)成功方面做起的作用，既敘述了男性的情況也說明了女性的情況。故C項(xiàng)符合文章大意。
考點(diǎn)：考察議論文

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