The high noise of modern life may affect speech and language development in the very young, according to a study that found the auditory (聽覺的) parts of the brains of young mice are slower to organize properly in the presence of continuous sounds.

Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, reared a group of rats in an environment of continuous background noise and found that their brain circuits that receive and interpret (解釋) sound did not develop at the same rate as animals that were raised in a quieter environment.?

Edward F. Chang and Michael Merzenich, co-authors of the study appearing in the journal Science, said that the continuous noise delayed the organization of auditory neurons (神經(jīng)細(xì)胞) during a critical two-to-three-week period after the rat pups were born.?

For rats not exposed to the noise, the auditory cortex(皮層) neurons during this period gathered into a smaller area and began developing a selective response to sounds.?

But for the noise?exposed rats, this organization was slowed, causing a delay in the development of the ability to discriminate(辨別) specific sound tones. The researchers said it took three or four times longer for the rats raised in a noisy environment to reach the basic bench marks (基準(zhǔn)) of auditory development seen in the rat pups not exposed to noises.?

Although the rat is not a perfect model for what happens in humans, the authors note, the study does suggest that high levels of noise might possibly affect some language learning in babies.?

“These findings suggest that environmental noise, which is commonly present in contemporary child-rearing environments, can potentially contribute to auditory and language-related development delays,”the authors wrote in Science.?

The authors noted that although the brain development was delayed in rats exposed to the noise, their brains did eventually mature (成熟的) normally.?

The scientists at California University studied rats_______.?

A. of different age groups     B. with different habits?

C. in different environments  D. from different areas?

The rats exposed to noise, compared to those not exposed, _______.?

A. were more sensitive   B. were duller?

C. grew up more slowly D. gathered together more quickly

The result of the research mainly tells us that noise _______.

A. delays brain development  B. stops baby growth

C. affects speech and language      D. destroys brains?

【小題1】C

【小題2】B

【小題3】A


解析:

【小題1】從文章第二段內(nèi)容可知,加利福尼亞大學(xué)的研究者們養(yǎng)了一些老鼠,進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。分別在不斷的噪音和相對(duì)較安靜的環(huán)境下進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。?

【小題2】　從文章第五段可以得出the rats exposed to noise要比the rats not exposed to noise反應(yīng)遲鈍。?

【小題3】　從最后—段內(nèi)容可以得知,噪音延緩腦的發(fā)育。B項(xiàng)是明顯錯(cuò)誤的。不是毀壞腦子,而是延緩,可知D項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的。此題側(cè)重的是對(duì)老鼠的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果,而C項(xiàng)是對(duì)這個(gè)結(jié)果的進(jìn)—步推測(cè),所以C是不對(duì)的。?

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