18.As any homemaker who has tried to keep order at the dinner table knows,there is far more to a family meal than food.Sociologist (社會心理學家)Michael Lewis has been studying 50families to find out just how much more.
Lewis and his co-workers carried out their study by videotaping(錄像) the families while they ate ordinary meals in their own homes.They found that parents with small families talk actively with each other and their children.But as the number of children gets larger,conversation gives way to the parents'efforts to control the loud noise they make.That can have an important effect on the children."In general the more question-asking the parents do,the higher the children's IQ scores."
Lewis says,"And the more children there are,the less question-asking there is."
The study also provides an explanation for why middle children often seem to have a harder time in life than their siblings(兄弟姐妹).Lewis found that in families with three or four children,dinner conversation is likely to center on the oldest child,who has the most to talk about,and the youngest,who needs the most attention."Middle children are invisible(看不見的),"says Lewis."When you see someone get up from the table and walk around during dinner,chances are it's the middle child."There is,however,one thing that stops all conversations and prevents anyone from having attention:"When the TV is on,"Lewis says,"dinner is a non-event."
56.The writer's purpose in writing the text is toD.
A.show the relationship between parents and children
B.teach parents ways to keep order at the dinner table
C.give information about family problems
D.report on the findings of a study
57.Parents with large families ask fewer questions at dinner becauseB.
A.they are busy serving food to their children
B.they are busy keeping order at the dinner table
C.they have to pay more attention to younger children
D.they are tired out having prepared food for the whole family
58.By saying"Middle children are invisible"in Paragraph 3,Lewis means that middle childrenA.
A.get the least attention from the family
B.have to help their parents to serve dinner
C.are often kept away from the dinner table
D.find it hard to keep up with other children
59.Lewis'research provides an answer to the questionD.
A.why TV is important in family life
B.why parents should keep good order
C.why children in small families seem to be quieter
D.why middle children seem to have more difficulties in life.
分析 本文是一篇科教類閱讀,屬于說明文,任何家庭主婦曾試圖維持秩序在餐桌上都知道,家庭聚餐要做的遠遠超過食物,社會心理學家Michael Lewis研究50個家庭發(fā)現(xiàn)了其意味著的更多含義.本文以此展開談論,報道了一項研究的新發(fā)現(xiàn).
解答 56.答案:D.主旨大意題.從第一自然段Sociologist Michael Lewis has been studying 50 families to find out just how much more.以及后面全都是講這個研究有什么發(fā)現(xiàn),可以看出本文主要報道了一項研究的新發(fā)現(xiàn). 故選D.
57.答案:B.細節(jié)理解題.由第二段的But as the number of children gets larger,conversation gives way to the parents'efforts to control the loud noise they make.(孩子們太吵了,他們得加以控制),可以看出他們得保證就餐秩序.故選B.
58.答案:A.細節(jié)理解題,從第三自然段的第二、三句話"Lewis found that in families with three or four children,dinner conversation is likely to center on the oldest child,who has the most to talk about,and the youngest,who needs the most attention"可知答案.意思是有三四個孩子的家庭,談論的中心要么是最大的,要么是最小的.故選A.
59.答案:D.推理判斷題,從第三自然段的第一句話"The study also provides an explanation for why middle children often seem to have a harder time in life than their siblings(兄弟姐妹)."可知,研究得出了為什么中心孩子有更多困難的原因.故選D.
點評 本文是一篇科教類閱讀,屬于說明文,題目涉及標題確定題,細節(jié)理解題,推理判斷題.學生在做題時應仔細閱讀原文內容,把握文章大意,聯(lián)系文章上下文內容及所給選項含義,從而得出正確答案,切忌胡亂猜測,一定要做到有理有據(jù).