9．Sport is not only physically challenging，but it can also be mentally challenging．Criticism from coaches，parents，and other teammates，as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes．Stress can be physical，emotional，or psychological，and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout．Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable．
The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself．The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place．Young athletes can，for example，learn how to cooperate with others，make friends，and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives．Coaches and parents should be aware，at all times，that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children．Youngsters may take their parents'and coaches'criticisms to heart and find flaws（缺陷）in themselves．
Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children．The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons．In today's youth sport setting，young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport．Following a game，many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters'performances．Positive reinforcement（正面強(qiáng)化）should be provided regardless of the outcome．Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism．Again，criticism can create high levels of stress，which can lead to burnout．
72．An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes isC．
A．to make sports less competitive
B．to make sports more challenging
C．to reduce their mental stress
D．to increase their sense of success
73．According to the passage sport is positive for young people in thatD．
A．it can help them learn more about society
B．it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves
C．it enables them to find flaws in themselves
D．it can provide them with valuable experience
74．Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletesA．
A．without realizing criticism may destroy their self-confidence
B．in order to make them remember life lessons
C．believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development
D．so as to put more pressure on them
75．The author's purpose in writing the passage isB．
A．to persuade athletes not to worry about criticism
B．to emphasize the importance of positive reinforcement to young athletes
C．to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement
D．to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout．
分析 體育運(yùn)動不僅是對體力的挑戰(zhàn)，而且是對心理的挑戰(zhàn)．在年輕人的體育運(yùn)動環(huán)境中，不論比賽結(jié)果如何，都要給他們積極的肯定．
解答 72答案是C．細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)句子"Criticism from coaches，parents，and other teammates，as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes"來自教練，父母和隊友的批評以及想要獲勝的壓力會給年輕的運(yùn)動員造成一種過度的焦慮或壓力．因此減輕精神上的壓力是最有效的，故答案選C．
73．答案是D．細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)句子"The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place"運(yùn)動的環(huán)境能使運(yùn)動員獲得寶貴人生經(jīng)驗，所以答案選D．
74．答案是A．細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)最后一句"criticism can create high levels of stress，which can lead to burnout"批評只會產(chǎn)生高度壓力從而導(dǎo)致人們放棄某種活動，這是父母和教練們沒有意識到的，所以答案選A．
75．答案是B．主旨大意題，作者開頭提出 體育運(yùn)動不僅是對體力的挑戰(zhàn)，而且是對心理的挑戰(zhàn)，然后通過年輕人的心理的變化來告訴父母和教練積極的肯定更加激勵人，所以答案選B．
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