4.In 1997,a London researcher came up with a startling idea on how humans would live in the future.Professor Michael Batty,a widely known urban planner,summed it up in one phrase-"The Computable City".By 2050,he says,there will be a convergence(集中) of computers and communication technologies,with highways and smart buildings connected via the Internet in new kinds of vast information infrastructures(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)."Everything around us will be some form of computer,"he wrote.
Take the old Spanish port city of Santander as an example.After an?11million grant in 2011,over 12,000sensors(傳感器) have been set up,recording everything from air pollution levels to free parking spaces.
Streetlights now automatically get dark when no one is around,while rubbish bins give notice to collectors when they're full.These advances save local authorities about 25% on electricity bills and 20% on waste management.
In a smart city,the information being produced is vast.Some experts estimate that by 2016we will provide 4.1terabytes(兆兆字節(jié)) of information per day per square kilometer of urban land area,which equals more than four average home computer hard drives.
But the Santander centre's purpose is not just to serve the local government.It also makes this sensor data freely available to Santander citizens themselves.Via their smart phones,citizens can access up-to-the-minute information on everything from local traffic jams,parking spaces to pollen counts(花粉量).
Other smart city projects are even more diverse.In Norway,for example,more than 40,000bus stops for local transport company Kolumbus are already making scheduled announcements via Twitter.Passengers can also scan a type of two-dimensional barcode(二維瑪) with their smart phones,which can be seen at each stop and leave messages about their experiences.
While in Boston,a system called ShotSpotter is using acoustic sensors to find out the location of gunshots quickly,helping the police reduce crime.
46.We can learn from the first paragraph that the computable cityA.
A.is a highly informational city
B.is a city where computers are seldom used
C.refers to a city someone describes in a novel
D.refers to a city where everything is automatically controlled
47.The underlined word"grant"is closest in meaning toB.
A.imaginary project
B.money aid
C.special permit
D.policy support
48.According to the passage,in the smart city SantanderD.
A.there is much less air pollution
B.home computers are not needed any more
C.rubbish bins can deal with waste by themselves
D.people can get the newest information on anything
49.When you travel in a smart city,what can help record and keep your experiences?C
A.All the bus stops.
B.The acoustic sensors.
C.Your smart phones.
D.The local government.
50.What would be the best title for this passage?A
A.Smart Cities in Action
B.Automatic Streetlights
C.The Santander Centre
D.Information Infrastructure.
分析 本文是政治經(jīng)濟類閱讀,主要介紹了"The Computable City",是一個通過新型信息基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施及因特網(wǎng),使計算機和交流技術(shù)相對集中的地方.市民通過他們的智能手機,可以獲取一切最新的信息,乘客可以用手機掃描一種二維碼,留下此行的信息.
解答 46.A 推理判斷題.根據(jù)第一段的"there will be a convergence(集中) ofcomputers and communication technologies,with highways and smart buildings connected via theInternet in new kinds of vast information infrastructures(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)."可知,"TheComputable City"是一個通過新型信息基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施及因特網(wǎng),使計算機和交流技術(shù)相對集中的地方.故此題應(yīng)選A.
47.B 詞義猜測題.根據(jù)第二段的"After an?11 million grant in 2011,over 12,000sensors(傳感器) have been set up"可知,在一千一百萬歐元的投入之后,一萬兩千多個傳感器被安裝.所以grant指的是資金援助,故此題應(yīng)選B.
48.D 細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第五段的"Via their smart phones,citizenscan access up-to-the-minute information on everything from local traffic jams,parkingspaces to pollen counts(花粉量)."可知,通過他們的智能手機,市民可以獲取從當?shù)亟煌ǘ氯\囄坏交ǚ哿康囊磺凶钚碌男畔ⅲ栽谶@個城市里,人們通過手機就可以得到關(guān)于任何東西的最新信息,故此題應(yīng)選D.
49.C 細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的"Passengers can also scan a type oftwo-dimensional barcode(二維碼) with their smart phones,whichcan be seen at each stop and leave messages about their experiences."可知,乘客可以用手機掃描一種二維碼,留下此行的信息.故此題應(yīng)選C.
50.A 主旨大意題.根據(jù)第一段"The Computable City"可知,本文是圍繞此話題展開的,這種城市也被稱為"a smart city",故此題應(yīng)選A.
點評 本文是政治經(jīng)濟類閱讀,考查學(xué)生對細節(jié)的理解把握和推理判斷能力,做題時一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進行比較,再做出正確選擇.在做推理判斷題時不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實,要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.