Organic farming ______ (refer) to crops growing with natural rather than chemical fertilizers.

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：天津市耀華中學2010屆高三下學期第二次模擬考試英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解


Organic foods are produced according to certain production standards, meaning they are grown without the use of conventional pesticides, or chemical fertilizers and that they were processed without food additives. Livestock are raised without the routine use of antibiotics（抗生素）or growth hormones. In most countries, organic produce must not be genetically modified. They may also be required to be produced using energy-saving technologies and packaged using recyclable materials when possible.
Early consumers interested in organic food would look for non-chemically treated, fresh or minimally processed food.
They mostly had to buy directly from growers: “Know your farmer, know your food” was the motto. Personal definitions of what constituted ( 組成)“organic” were developed through first-hand experience: by talking to farmers, seeing farm conditions, and farming activities. Historically, organic farms were relatively small family-run farms — which is why organic food was once only available in small stores or farmers’ markets.
However, since the early 1990s organic food has had growth rates of around 20% a year. As of April 2008, organic food accounts for 1 - 2% of food sales worldwide. Currently organic food production is legally regulated. Many countries require producers to obtain organic certification in order to market food as organic.
Several studies have attempted to examine and compare conventional and organic systems of farming. The general consensus（共同看法）is that, in the short term, organic farming is less damaging for the following reasons:
● Organic farms do not release synthetic pesticides (合成農(nóng)藥) into the environment — some of which have the potential to harm soil, water and local wildlife.
● Organic farms are better than conventional farms at keeping diverse ecosystems, i.e., populations of plants and insects, as well as animals.        
● Organic farms are more energy efficient and produce less waste.
Another report published in March 2008 by The Organic Center claims that organic food is on average 25% more nutritious than conventional food.     
However, many critics believe that the increased land needed to farm organic food could potentially destroy the rainforests and wipe out many ecosystems. And organic products cost 10 to 40% more than similar conventionally produced products. Processed organic foods in supermarkets are 65% more expensive.
1. Early consumers knew what food was “organic” by _______.
A. firsthand experience                                     B. the “certified organic” label tag
C. its packaging                                                      D. examining its organic certification
2. We can infer that _______.
A. in America, organic food can only be bought in small stores or farmers’ markets
B. organic food is also available in large supermarkets at present
C. organic food is produced by large-scale farms
D. organic food is often beautifully packaged
3. According to the passage, organic food is considered as _______.     
A. junk food              B. delicious snacks               C. green food      D. conventional food
4. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. The benefits of organic food.                               B. The cost of organic food.
C. The disadvantages of organic food.                   D. Organic food and conventional food.
5. Which of the following statements does NOT support the view that organic farming is more environment-friendly?
A. Organic food is generally thought to be more nutritious.
B. Organic farms are more energy efficient and produce less waste.
C. Organic farms are better than conventional farms at maintaining varieties of plants, insects and animals.
D. Organic farms do not release synthetic pesticides into the environment.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學年四川省綿陽市高三上學期12月月考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：其他題

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在表格中的空白處填入恰當?shù)膯卧~。注意：每個空格只填一個單詞。

Farmers and gardeners have long used greenhouses to extend the growing season in cold weather. Now, hoop houses are gaining popularity. Some hoop houses are rounded; others are shaped more like a traditional house.

A hoop house is basically a metal frame covered with plastic or other all-weather material. A common design looks like a high tunnel. Unlike a greenhouse, which uses a heating system, a hoop house is heated by the warmth of the sun.

Now, the United States Department of Agriculture has announced a program to help farmers who want to build hoop houses. The department has been supporting a project in Michigan. That state has a short growing season. As part of the research project, nine farmers were given materials and trained how to build and use a hoop house. The results showed that well-managed hoop houses can grow high-quality crops.

However, crops are not the only things that grow well. The research found that weeds grow faster in a hoop house. Weeding (除草), seeding and watering requires at least as much work as crops grown in the open air. The researchers also advise growers to add compost（堆肥） material to the soil in hoop houses to build nutrients.

Eliot Coleman is an organic farmer and a writer in Maine who has helped popularize the idea of four-season farming. His ideas about hoop houses sounded good to John Biernbaum in the Horticulture（園藝）Department at Michigan State University.

Professor Biernbaum tried hoop houses on the Student Organic Farm at Michigan State and had success. Project director David Conner says it was a "test drive（試車）" for the research on private farms. The agricultural economist points to the demand for locally grown crops. "People are hungry for good, fresh vegetables," he says.

          Topic

                 Hoop houses

 

Design

 

56._________

·Like a high tunnel

·Some round ; others like a 57.        house.

Material

·Metal frame.

·Plastic or other all-weather material.

58.        

The warmth of the sun.

 

Research

project in

Michigan

 

The program

·It is 59._________by the US Department of Agriculture.

·Michigan was chosen due to its short 60._________season.

·Nine farmers were given materials and trained how to build

and use a hoop house.

·It is greatly 61._________by the ideas from Eliot Coleman.

 

62.         

·High-quality crops can grow in well-managed hoop houses.

·Weeds also grow faster in hoop houses.

 

63.         

·Weeding, seeding and watering needs as much work as

naturally grown crops.

·64.         should be added to the soil.

Significance

Demand for locally grown crops 65._________further research

on private farms.

56            57            58          59          60         

61            62            63          64          65         

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：河南省0910學年高一下學期期中考試試題（英語） 題型：閱讀理解

The Life Lab Garden Classroom is a two-acre, interactive （互動的）and educational garden located at the Center for Agro-ecology（農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)） and Sustainable Food Systems Farm on the university of California, Santa Cruz campus. People of all ages can discover ecological concepts in this hands-on, living laboratory. Learn about plants, nature, weather, organic（綠色的） gardening, life cycles.

The Garden Classroom is open to the public every day from 8 am to 6 pm. Free Admission!

The Garden Classroom offers:

Field Trips

The Garden Classroom offers guided garden-based field trips for elementary school classes in the spring and fall. Themes include food systems, soil, recycling and so on.

Summer

Camp

Each summer students explore the garden and surrounding natural areas to learn science concepts, gardening basics, crafts and cooking skills .

Workshops

A variety of garden-based workshops are offered for teachers and the public in the Garden Classroom and at school sites and conferences.

Special

Events

Life Lab offers classes for students, after-school and home school programs, teacher conferences, and private events in the Garden Classroom.

The Garden Classroom was made possible through generous contributions from The David and Lucile Packard Foundation and many other organizations and individuals.

68. The text is probably taken from            .

A. a history book               B. a hotel instruction

C . an English dictionary              D. a tourist guidebook

69. The Life Garden Classroom is a place where people        .

A. grow plants and flowers                             B. see different kinds of rare plants

C . learn about plants and living creatures   D. know about the University of California

70. Tony is in Senior 1. He is quite interested in exploring the science concepts and making crafts. Which program will he choose?

A. Field Trips       B. Summer Camp         C . Workshops       D. Special Events.

71. We can know all the following from the text except        .

A. where the Life Lab Garden Classroom lies and its exact size

B. when people can come to the Life Lab Garden Classroom

C . that people are free to visit the Life Lab Garden Classroom every year

D. that the Life Lab Garden Classroom is supported by the government.

 

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在表格中的空白處填入恰當?shù)膯卧~。注意：每個空格只填一個單詞。

Farmers and gardeners have long used greenhouses to extend the growing season in cold weather. Now, hoop houses are gaining popularity. Some hoop houses are rounded; others are shaped more like a traditional house.

A hoop house is basically a metal frame covered with plastic or other all-weather material. A common design looks like a high tunnel. Unlike a greenhouse, which uses a heating system, a hoop house is heated by the warmth of the sun.

Now, the United States Department of Agriculture has announced a program to help farmers who want to build hoop houses. The department has been supporting a project in Michigan. That state has a short growing season. As part of the research project, nine farmers were given materials and trained how to build and use a hoop house. The results showed that well-managed hoop houses can grow high-quality crops.

However, crops are not the only things that grow well. The research found that weeds grow faster in a hoop house. Weeding (除草), seeding and watering requires at least as much work as crops grown in the open air. The researchers also advise growers to add compost（堆肥） material to the soil in hoop houses to build nutrients.

Eliot Coleman is an organic farmer and a writer in Maine who has helped popularize the idea of four-season farming. His ideas about hoop houses sounded good to John Biernbaum in the Horticulture（園藝）Department at Michigan State University.

Professor Biernbaum tried hoop houses on the Student Organic Farm at Michigan State and had success. Project director David Conner says it was a "test drive（試車）" for the research on private farms. The agricultural economist points to the demand for locally grown crops. "People are hungry for good, fresh vegetables," he says.

          Topic

                 Hoop houses

Design

 

76._________

·Like a high tunnel

·Some round ; others like a 77.         house.

Material

·Metal frame.

·Plastic or other all-weather material.

78.         

The warmth of the sun.

Research

project in

Michigan

The program

·It is 79._________by the US Department of Agriculture.

·Michigan was chosen due to its short 80._________season.

·Nine farmers were given materials and trained how to build

and use a hoop house.

·It is greatly 81._________by the ideas from Eliot Coleman.

82.         

·High-quality crops can grow in well-managed hoop houses.

·Weeds also grow faster in hoop houses.

83.         

·Weeding, seeding and watering needs as much work as

naturally grown crops.

·84.          should be added to the soil.

Significance

Demand for locally grown crops 85._________further research

on private farms.

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在表格中的空白處填入恰當?shù)膯卧~。注意：每個空格只填一個單詞。

Farmers and gardeners have long used greenhouses to extend the growing season in cold weather. Now, hoop houses are gaining popularity. Some hoop houses are rounded; others are shaped more like a traditional house.

A hoop house is basically a metal frame covered with plastic or other all-weather material. A common design looks like a high tunnel. Unlike a greenhouse, which uses a heating system, a hoop house is heated by the warmth of the sun.

Now, the United States Department of Agriculture has announced a program to help farmers who want to build hoop houses. The department has been supporting a project in Michigan. That state has a short growing season. As part of the research project, nine farmers were given materials and trained how to build and use a hoop house. The results showed that well-managed hoop houses can grow high-quality crops.

However, crops are not the only things that grow well. The research found that weeds grow faster in a hoop house. Weeding (除草), seeding and watering requires at least as much work as crops grown in the open air. The researchers also advise growers to add compost（堆肥） material to the soil in hoop houses to build nutrients.

Eliot Coleman is an organic farmer and a writer in Maine who has helped popularize the idea of four-season farming. His ideas about hoop houses sounded good to John Biernbaum in the Horticulture（園藝）Department at Michigan State University.

Professor Biernbaum tried hoop houses on the Student Organic Farm at Michigan State and had success. Project director David Conner says it was a "test drive（試車）" for the research on private farms. The agricultural economist points to the demand for locally grown crops. "People are hungry for good, fresh vegetables," he says.

          Topic

                 Hoop houses

Design

 

56._________

·Like a high tunnel

·Some round ; others like a 57.         house.

Material

·Metal frame.

·Plastic or other all-weather material.

58.        

The warmth of the sun.

Research

project in

Michigan

The program

·It is 59._________by the US Department of Agriculture.

·Michigan was chosen due to its short 60._________season.

·Nine farmers were given materials and trained how to build

and use a hoop house.

·It is greatly 61._________by the ideas from Eliot Coleman.

62.         

·High-quality crops can grow in well-managed hoop houses.

·Weeds also grow faster in hoop houses.

63.         

·Weeding, seeding and watering needs as much work as

naturally grown crops.

·64.          should be added to the soil.

Significance

Demand for locally grown crops 65._________further research

on private farms.

56             57             58           59           60           

61             62             63           64           65            

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