Question

【題目】請(qǐng)閱讀下面短文,并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。
The expression, “everybody's doing it,” is very much at the center of the concept of peer pressure. It is a strong influence of a group, especially of children, on members of that group to behave as everybody else does. It can be positive or negative. Most people experience it in some way during their lives.
People are social creatures by nature, and so it is hardly surprising that part of their self-respect comes from the approval of others. This instinct (天性) is why the approval of peers, or the fear of disapproval, is such a powerful force in many people's lives. It is the same instinct that drives people to dress one way at home and another way at work, or to answer “fine” when a stranger asks “how are you?” even if it is not necessarily true. There is a practical aspect to this: it helps society to function efficiently, and encourages a general level of self-discipline that simplifies day-to-day interaction.
For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes like an addiction; in order to satisfy the desire, they may go so far as to abandon their sense of right and wrong. Teens and young adults may feel forced to use drugs, or join gangs that encourage criminal behavior. Mature adults may sometimes feel pressured to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work, or end up in debt because they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can't afford in an effort to “keep up with the Joneses.”
However, peer pressure is not always negative. A student whose friends are good at academics may be urged to study harder and get good grades. Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win. This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one. Study groups and class projects are examples of positive peer groups that encourage people to better themselves.
Schools try to teach kids about the dangers of negative peer pressure. They teach kids to stand up and be themselves, and encourage them to politely decline to do things that they believe are wrong. Similarly, it can be helpful to encourage children to greet the beneficial influence of positive peer groups.

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Answer 1

【答案】feeling；influences；practical；unconsciously；individuals；moral；spirit；habits；independent；no
【解析】本文是一篇議論文，說(shuō)明了我們?cè)谏�活中都受到同輩壓力的影響。然而同輩壓力的影響有積極的，也有消極的。
（1）考查名詞。根據(jù)第一段對(duì)“同輩壓力”這一概念的解釋可以歸納出the strong feeling強(qiáng)力的感覺(jué)。
（2）考查名詞。根據(jù)第一段中的“It is a strong influence of a group, especially of children, on members of that group to behave as everybody else does.”注意用第三人稱單數(shù)。
（3）考查形容詞。根據(jù)第二段中的“There is a practical aspect to this: it helps society to function efficiently, and encourages a general level of self-discipline that simplifies day-to-day interaction.”可以歸納出答案。
（4）考查副詞。根據(jù)第二段中講述人生來(lái)是具有社會(huì)性動(dòng)物，周圍的人將無(wú)意識(shí)的影響一個(gè)人的生活。
（5）考查名詞。根據(jù)第三段中的“For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes like an addiction”可以歸納出答案。
（6）考查形容詞。根據(jù)第三段中的“Teens and young adults may feel forced to use drugs, or join gangs that encourage criminal behavior. Mature adults may sometimes feel pressured to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work, or end up in debt because they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can't afford in an effort to “keep up with the Joneses”可以得出消極影響包括缺乏道德感、刑事犯罪和過(guò)度消費(fèi)。
（7）考查名詞。根據(jù)第四段中的“Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win.”可以歸納出“團(tuán)隊(duì)精神”。
（8）考查名詞。根據(jù)第四段中的“This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one.”可以得出答案，注意用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
（9）考查形容詞。根據(jù)最后一段中的“They teach kids to stand up and be themselves, and encourage them to politely decline to do things that they believe are wrong.”可以歸納出“孩子應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立”。
（10）考查同義詞。根據(jù)最后一段They teach kids to stand up and be themselves, and encourage them to politely decline to do things that they believe are wrong.中短語(yǔ)的“decline to”轉(zhuǎn)換為短語(yǔ)“say no to”。