13.Even a small reduction in salt in the diet can be a big help to the heart.A new study used a computer model to predict(預(yù)測(cè)) how just three grams less a day would affect heart disease in the United States.
The study is in the New England Journal of Medicine.Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo at the University of California San Francisco,is the leader of the research team.She says people would not even notice a difference in taste with three grams,or one-half teaspoon,less salt per day.The team also included researchers at Columbia University,like Weston Forbes.
The result:ten percent fewer heart attacks.Four percent fewer deaths.Eleven percent fewer new cases of heart disease.And two hundred forty billion dollars in health care savings.Thus it could prevent one hundred thousand heart attacks and ninety-two thousand deaths every year.
The government says the average American man eats ten grams of salt a day.Michael swan from the American Heart Association advises no more than three grams for healthy people.It says salt in the American diet has increased fifty percent since the nineteen seventies,while blood pressures have also risen.Less salt can mean a lower blood pressure.
New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg is leading an effort called the National Salt Reduction Initiative.The idea is to put pressure on food companies and restaurants.Mayor Bloomberg has already succeeded in other areas,like requiring fast food places in the city to list calorie information.Now a study shows how that idea can influence(影響) what parents order for their children.

53.How much salt did Americans take in per day on average in the 1970s?C
A.Three grams.      B.Five grams.
C.Seven grams.      D.Ten grams.
54.Who is head of the team studying the relation between salt reduction and heart attack?A
A.Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo.
B.Michael Bloomberg.
C.Michael Swan.
D.Weston Forbes.
55.The text mainly tells us thatB.
A.cutting salt intake can save more money
B.eating less salt means more healthy life
C.cutting salt intake helps reduce calories
D.eating less salt can cure heart disease
56.According to the text,we may conclude thatC.
A.eating salt less than 3grams makes much difference in taste
B.the American government thinks little of salt reduction
C.more salt in the daily diet may result in higher blood pressure
D.100,000Americans die from higher blood pressure each year.

分析 本文通過一項(xiàng)調(diào)查告訴我們食鹽與很多疾病的關(guān)系,呼吁我們少攝入食鹽.同時(shí)介紹了The National Salt Reduction Initiative以及Bloomberg等組織及個(gè)人在這方面做出的努力.

解答 53-56 CABC
53.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第三段The government says the average American man eats ten grams of salt a day.以及It says salt in the American diet has increased fifty percent since the nineteen seventies,可知,現(xiàn)在美國人的飲食中鹽的食用比20世紀(jì)70年代增加了50%,也就是說在那時(shí)食鹽的食用大約在7克左右;故選C.
54.A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第一段以及第二段中Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo at the University of California San Francisco,is the leader of the research team.可知,Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo是這個(gè)課題的負(fù)責(zé)人;故選A.
55.B.推理判斷題.根據(jù)第一句話Even a small reduction in salt in the diet can be a big help to the heart.以及全文的內(nèi)容可知,本文主要論述的是減少食鹽的攝入有益于我們的健康;故選B.
56.C.推理判斷題.根據(jù)專家的研究證明以及短文第三段中It says salt in the American diet has increased fifty percent since the nineteen seventies,while blood pressures have also risen.可知,過多的攝入食鹽也是高血壓增多的一個(gè)重要因素;故選C.

點(diǎn)評(píng) 考查學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力.做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進(jìn)行比較,再做出正確選擇.在做推理判斷題時(shí)不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí),要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.

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