1.In many American schools the holiday celebrating Dr.Martin Luther King Jr.'s birthday is used as an opportunity to teach children about his life and legacy.But in too many of those same schools,Black children's extraordinary talents are still being wasted today.Nearly three-quarters of Black fourth and eighth grade public school students cannot read or compute at grade level.Black students made up only 18percent of students in public schools in 2009-2010but were 40percent of students who received one or more out-of-school suspensions (暫被停學).A Black public school student is suspended every four seconds.Black students are more than twice as likely to drop out of school as White students.Each school day 763Black high school students drop out.
So I applaud the U.S.Departments of Education and Justice for their recent action to address harmful school discipline policies that push so many thousands of black children out of school each year and into the juvenile justice and adult prison pipeline.If the education system is to do its part in replacing it with a cradle to college,career and success pipeline,we must end the current practice where children in the greatest need are suspended from school mostly for nonviolent offenses.
These resources,officially known as"guidance,"will help schools and districts meet their legal responsibility to protect students from discrimination on the basis of race,color or national origin as required under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.As we recognize the 50th anniversary of the Civil Rights Act of 1964and so many other important hard-won victories in the Civil Rights Movement this year,we must remember those victories could be lost without meaningful enforcement of the laws advocates fought so hard to win half a century ago.
While the guidance does not prohibit schools or districts from using any particular nondiscriminatory policy,it does call into question some policies that have historically excluded Black students and are of questionable educational value including"zero tolerance"discipline policies which require mandatory consequences for certain infractions (違反),and policies that prevent students from returning to school after completion of a court sentence.
Information of the new guidance recommendations is available at this government website for almost every school and district in the country.Check your own school district now to see whether the discipline policy is focused on creating a positive school climate and preventing misbehavior,whether consequences are clear,appropriate and consistent,and whether there is a commitment to fairness in the application of discipline.
31.What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?B
A.Life and legacy of Dr.Martin Luther King Jr.
B.Unsatisfactory situation of Black students'education.
C.The percentage of Black students dropping out of school.
D.The holiday celebrating Dr.Martin Luther King Jr.'s birthday.
32.The guidance issued by the U.S.Departments of Education and Justice mayC.
A.punish Black children for dropping out of school
B.push thousands of Black children out of school each year
C.protect Black children from being suspended for nonviolent offenses
D.prevent Black children from coming back to school after a court sentence
33.According to the passage,the"zero tolerance"discipline policiesA.
A.have questionable consequences
B.a(chǎn)re prohibited by the guidance
C.prevent Black children from being absent from school
D.were considered discriminatory when they were released
34.What is the author's attitude toward these"guidance"?C
A.negative
B.optimistic
C.a(chǎn)pproval
D.indifferent
35.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?D
A.Suggestions on the Civil Rights Act
B.Victories in the Civil Rights Movement
C.Criticism of the Education System
D.Steps Forward on School Discipline.
分析 全文介紹了美國黑人學生在學校遭受到的歧視及相關部門對此推出的一些舉措.
解答 31.B.考查推理判斷.第一段講述了在美國的公立學校里黑人學生被停學,很多人輟學,教育程度不高等令人擔憂的教育現(xiàn)狀,因此選B.32.C.考查細節(jié)理解.第二段the U.S.Departments of Education and Justice for their recent action to address harmful school discipline policies that push so many thousands of black children out of school each year and into the juvenile justice and adult prison pipeline,說學校的有些政策讓黑人學生因為非暴力的違法行為而被停學甚至輟學,反而把他們推向了犯罪的深淵,因此可推知而這一政策是為了應對該現(xiàn)象的,因此選C.
33.A.考查推理判斷.根據(jù)第四段中的"have historically excluded black students and are of questionable educational value及"require mandatory(強制的)…prevent students from returning to school after completion of a court sentence"可知,歷史證明零有容忍政策是有問題的,選擇A項.
34.C.考查理解推斷.由第二段So I applaud the U.S.Departments…可知作者是支持這些政策的,故選C.
35.D.考查標題判斷.全文介紹了美國黑人學生在學校遭受到的歧視及相關部門對此推出的一些舉措,因此選D.
點評 本篇文章理解難度偏大,文章很長,因此考生可以先閱讀題干要求,在帶著問題閱讀原文,沒有對應題目的語段可直接略過,加快閱讀速度,也方便做題.