11.Need for closure is a psychological term that describes a person's desire for a firm
answer to a question.Our need for closure is our natural preference for definite answers over confusion and uncertainty.Every person has their own baseline level of need for closure.It likely evolved via natural selection.
What I find really fascinating is how our need for closure is affected by the situation we're in.Our need for closure rises when we have to act rather than just observe,and it matters much more when we're rushed,or bored,or tired.Any stress can make our discomfort with uncertainty increase,and a high need for closure negatively influences some of our most important decisions:who we decide to trust,whether we admit we're wrong and even how creative we are.
In hiring,for instance,a high need for closure leads people to put far too much weight on their first impression.It's called the Urgency Effect.In one experiment,psychologists tried to lower people's need for closure by telling them,right before participants are about to make various judgments of a job candidate,that they'll be responsible in some way for them,or that their judgments have serious consequences.
In making any big decision,it's not enough just to know that we should take our time.
We all know that important decisions shouldn't be rushed.The problem is that we don't keep that advice in mind when it matters.So,one of the best solutions is to formalize the reminders.
Before making important decisions,write down not just advantages and disadvantages but what the consequences could be.Also,think about how much pressure you're under.If your need for closure is particularly high that day,it's even more important to think twice.
32.How does"need for closure"probably come into being?A
A.By nature.B.By accident.C.By acquiring.D.By imitating.
33.It can be inferred that a high need for closureC.
A.brings about more stress      
B.causes discomfort and uncertainty
C.leads to not so good decisions  
D.promotes one's creativity
34.In the experiment the psychologists reduced participants'need for closure by telling them toA.
A.be cautious about their judgments
B.value their first impression
C.be responsible for their boss
D.pay little attention to the consequences
35.What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?D
A Another strategy to escape the pressures of modern life.
B.Some serious consequences of making decisions.
C.Other approaches to making important decisions.
D.More helpful solutions to high need for closure.

分析 本文是一篇科教類閱讀,了結(jié)的需求是一個心理學(xué)術(shù)語,描述一個人渴望得到問題的確切答案,我們的了結(jié)的需要是我們的表現(xiàn),想在在混亂和不確定中得到確切答案.本文以此展開談?wù),主要講述了了結(jié)的需求.

解答 32.答案:A.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)"Our need for closure is our natural preference for definite answers over confusion and uncertainty"可知,我們的了結(jié)的需求是我們的自然表現(xiàn)在混亂和不確定性想要獲得明確答案時.故選A.
33.答案:C.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)"and a high need for closure negatively influences some of our most important decisions:who we decide to trust,whether we admit we're wrong and even how creative we are"可知,強烈的了結(jié)的需求會導(dǎo)致不好的決定.故選C.
34.答案:A.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)"In one experiment,psychologists tried to lower people's need for closure by telling them,right before participants are about to make various judgments of a job candidate,that they'll be responsible in some way for them,or that their judgments have serious consequences."可知,在實驗中,心理學(xué)家減少參與者了結(jié)的需求,告訴他們要謹慎判斷.故選A.
35.答案:D.推理判斷題.根據(jù)文章最后一段,尤其是"If your need for closure is particularly high that day,it's even more important to think twice."可推測出,下文可能會講"更有幫助解決了結(jié)的需求的方法.".故選D.

點評 本文是一篇科教類閱讀,題目涉及多道細節(jié)理解題.推理判斷題.做題時學(xué)生應(yīng)仔細閱讀原文,把握文章主要內(nèi)容,聯(lián)系文章上下文內(nèi)容并結(jié)合所給選項含義,從中選出正確答案,一定要做到有理有據(jù),切忌胡亂猜測.

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