8.Phrases like"tiger mom"and‘‘helicopter parent"have made their way into everyday language.Many of us find ourselves drawn to the idea that with just a bit more parental hard work and effort,we might turn out children with bright futures.But is there anything wrong with a kind of"overparenting style"?
Parental involvement has a long history of being studied.Many of the studies,conducted by Diana Baumrind,a famous psychologist at the University of California,Berkeley,have found that a good parent is the one who is involved and reacts to her child in a positive way,who sets high expectations but gives her child independence.These"authoritative parents"appear to hit the sweet spot of parental involvement and generally raise children who do better academically,psychologically and socially than children whose parents are not strict and less involved,or controlling and more involved.Why is this parenting style so successful?
Authoritative parents actually help improve motivation in their children.Carol Dweck,a social psychologist at Stanford University,has done research that indicates why authoritative parents raise more motivated children.In a typical experiment,Dr.Dweck takes young children into a room and asks them to solve a simple puzzle.Most do so with little difficulty.But then Dr.Dweck tells some,but not all,of the kids how clever they are.As it turns out,the children who are not told they're smart are more motivated to solve increasingly difficult puzzles.They also show higher levels of confidence and show greater progress in puzzle-solving.
As the experiment suggests,praising children's talents and abilities seems to shake their confidence.Dealing with more difficult puzzles carries the risk of losing one's status as"smart".Dr.Dweck's work strongly supports that of Dr.Baumrind,who also found that reasonably supporting a child's independence and limiting interference (干涉) causes better academic and emotional results.
The central task of growing up is to develop a sense of self that is independent and confident.If you treat your young child who is just learning to walk as if she can't walk,you reduce her confidence.Allowing children to make mistakes is one of the greatest challenges of parenting.It is easier when they are young.The potential mistakes carry greater risks,and part of being a parent is reducing risk for our children.
32.According to the passage,a"tiger mom"D.
A.helps her children realize their dreams
B.speaks her children's everyday language
C.places reasonable expectations on her children
D.pays close attention to her children's experiences
33.It is implied that controlling style of parenting mayA.
A.cause more problems in children
B.foster independence in children
C.face more challenges of children
D.lead to children's academic success
34.The example of the children doing the puzzles suggests thatB.
A.a(chǎn) good game plays a big role in training young minds
B.overpraising makes children less motivated and confident
C.puzzle-solving can give children the motivation they need
D.bright children usually show less confidence in difficult games
35.The last paragraph tells us thatC.
A.children should not be given much freedom
B.parents should not increase the risk of challenging
C.parents should allow their children to learn from mistakes
D.children should correct mistakes with the help of their parents.
分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀,作者通過這篇文章主要向我們介紹了研究表明,父母的教育方式對孩子有很大的影響,父母既應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)孩子的獨立性,也要適當(dāng)?shù)膮⑴c孩子的生活,才會讓孩子擁有更好的學(xué)習(xí)和情感結(jié)果.
解答 32.D.推理判斷題.根據(jù)文章第二段"a good parent is the one who is involved and reacts to her child in a positive way,who sets high expectations but gives her child independence"可知這類型的父母在孩子身上抱有期望,但同時也加以適度的關(guān)注并參與,故選D.
33.A.推理判斷題.根據(jù)第二段"These"authoritative parents"appear to hit the sweet spot of parental involvement and generally raise children who do better academically,psychologically and socially than children whose parents are not strict and less involved,or controlling and more involved",由此可推斷控制型的父母所帶出來的孩子通常在學(xué)業(yè)、心理、社交等方面都不如別的孩子,擁有更多的問題.故選A.
34.B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第四段中的praising children's talents and abilities seems to shake their confidence,可知過分表揚孩子反倒會動搖了他們的自信,由此分析,故選B.
35.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.由本文最后一段"It is easier when they are young.The potential mistakes carry greater risks,and part of being a parent is reducing risk for our children"可知父母應(yīng)該讓自己的孩子在錯誤中學(xué)習(xí),從而得到自身的成長,故選C.
點評 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進(jìn)行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實,要根據(jù)文章事實進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.