Question

閱讀理解 　　Three Yale University professors agreed in a discussion that the automobile was what one of them called “Public Health Enemy No．1 in this country”．Besides polluting the air and overcrowding the cities, cars are involved in more than half the disastrous(災(zāi)難性)accidents, and they contribute to heart disease “because we don’t walk anywhere anymore”, said Dr．H．Richard Weinerman, professor of medicine and public health． 　　Speaking of many of these man-made dangers to the automobile, Arthur W．Galston, professor of biology, said it was possible to make a kerosene-burning turbine car that would “l(fā)essen(減少)smog by a very large factor”．But he expressed doubt whether Americans were willing to give up moving about the countryside at 90 miles an hour in a large vehicle(車輛)．“America seems wedded② to the motor car－every family has to have at least two, and one has to be a convertible(敞蓬汽車)with 300 horsepower, ” professor Galston continued．“Is this the way of life that we choose because we treasure these values?” 　　For Professor Sears, part of the blame lies with “a society that regards profit(贏利)as a supreme value, under the illusion(錯(cuò)誤的觀念)that anything that’s technically possible is, therefore, morally justified(正當(dāng)?shù)?”．Professor Sears also called the country’s dependence on its modern automobiles “terrible economics” because of the large horsepower used simply “moving one individual to work”．But he admitted that Americans have painted themselves into a corner by allowing the national economy to become so dependent on the automobile industry． 　　“The solution”, Dr．Weinerman said, “is not to find a less dangerous fuel but a different system of inner-city transportation．Because of the increasing use of cars, public transportation has been allowed to wither(衰弱)and grow worse, so that if you can’t walk to where you want to go, you have to have a car in most cities, ” he declared．This, in turn, Dr．Weinerman contended③, is responsible for the “arteriosclerosis(動(dòng)脈硬化)” of public roads, for the pollution of the inner city and for the middle-class movement to the suburbs． (1) The main idea of the passage is that ________． [　　] A． Americans are fond of their cars B． public transportation in America is well-developed C． American cars are too fast D． automobiles endanger health (2) It can be inferred from the passage that ________． [　　] A． people are more interested in fast automobiles than in their health B． Americans feel more closely tied to their cars than to their wives C． Kerosene-burning engines would pollute the environment more than gasoline-burning engines do D． kerosene-burning cars would go faster than gasoline-powered cars (3) In Paragraph 3, Professor Sears implies that ________． [　　] A． technology is always good for people B． technology is not always good for people C． financial profit is more important than technology advancement D． American people care about both environment pollution and technological development (4) According to Dr．Weinerman, the solution is that ________． [　　] A． public transportation should be improved B． people should get rid of their cars and take the bus to work C． one family should own just one car D． a fuel less dangerous than gasoline must be found

Answer 1

答案：1．D;2．A;3．C;4．A;
解析：

(1)	主旨題。文章第一段第一句指出，三位耶魯大學(xué)的教授一致認(rèn)為汽車是“本國(guó)公共健康的頭號(hào)大敵”，隨后作者又指明汽車的使用會(huì)污染空氣，導(dǎo)致交通事故，引發(fā)心臟病等，故答案為D項(xiàng)。
(2)	推理題。文章第二段前兩句話指出人類有必要生產(chǎn)煤油汽車，但又提出疑問：人類是否愿意放棄在鄉(xiāng)間以每小時(shí)90英里的速度高速行使的樂趣？可見，人們對(duì)高速行駛的興趣大于對(duì)健康的關(guān)心，故A項(xiàng)為最佳答案。B項(xiàng)文中未提及，C、D項(xiàng)明顯與文章第二段第一、二句話相矛盾。根據(jù)這兩句話可以推斷：煤油汽車對(duì)空氣的污染小，但速度比汽油汽車要慢。
(3)	推斷題。根據(jù)第三段Professor Sears的話可知：美國(guó)人之所以如此依賴汽車，部分原因是因?yàn)樗麄兩�活在一個(gè)以盈利為最終目的的社會(huì)。他們往往會(huì)產(chǎn)生這樣一種幻覺：任何技術(shù)上可能的事情在道德上也是正確的。由此，可以推斷：美國(guó)人把經(jīng)濟(jì)利益看得高于一切。因此C項(xiàng)符合此意。
(4)	細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章最后一段提到：Dr．Weinermen認(rèn)為：解決這一問題的關(guān)鍵不是尋找一種污染小的燃料，而是建立一套完全不同的市內(nèi)交通體系。因?yàn)槠�車的增多，公共交通已�?jīng)變得越來越糟糕。除了開車，你無法走到你想去的地方，因此，解決這個(gè)問題的辦法在于改善市內(nèi)公共交通系統(tǒng)，使人們不再過多地依賴他們的汽車，因此A項(xiàng)正確。