【題目】Today the word friendship has been used so often that it has lost its meaning. Some jokingly or seriously say that friends made to be used. It makes me very sad.

True friendship doesn’t mean that when you need your friend’s help, you will treat him to dinner, and when you have to protect yourself, you will put your friends in a difficult situation.

In fact, true friendship is the communication and understanding of the hearts(心).

True friendship is like water. Compared with decent wine, water is tasteless, but is of great help when we are thirsty. True friends don’t need to be with each other every day, but are connected in heart every minute.

True friendship is like medicine. Though it is bitter, it cures your illness. True friends give you some suggestions even if they know you would not take. They criticize you when others have a good word for you, not because of envy but worrying that you may lose your cool head.

True friendship has nothing to do with fame, power or money. True friends would often watch you silently far away when you are influential, but come to you whenever you need their help. You’re not his stepping-stone to success, but are his crutch(拐杖;支持物) to live through difficulties.

True friends make you complete. Many persons go along with you through your life─your parents, your spouse(配偶), and your children, who take care of you and make your life happy. However, you still need someone who understands your thoughts and souls. Without them, you are likely to be unhealthy in spirit.

True friends stay in your heart, rather than at your side; they know you more than yourself, and try to better you.

【1】The writer feels sad because some people________.

A. don’t treasure friendship

B. don’t understand friendship

C. make wrong friends

D. blame their friends

【2】The writer speaks of water because______.

A. it has no taste

B. it is important to our life

C. it is easy to get

D. it stays with us every day

【3】The underlined word“influential”in Paragraph 5 means“ ”.

A. powerful

B. busy

C. helpful

D. quiet

【4】According to the passage，true friends may help you _______.

A. achieve success

B. understand them better

C. enjoy mental health

D. live a happy life

【答案】Without them，you are likely to be unhealthy in spiritC選項enjoy mental health

【解析】日常生活類文章。本文敘述了什么是真正的友誼,友誼的益處。友誼就像水，它在人們的生活中起著很重要的作用；友誼就像良藥，當你受傷的時候，朋友能給你良言相勸；友誼與名譽、錢財和權(quán)利無關(guān)。友誼不是天天在一起，但是心是在一起的。有朋友可以保持自己精神健康。喚起我們要珍惜友誼。

【1】B

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Some jokingly or seriously say that friends are made to be used. It makes me very sad.” 根據(jù)句意可知，有些人開玩笑地或認真地說，朋友是要被利用的。這讓作者很傷心。分析選項可知B項符合題意。

【2】B

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Compared wish decent wine，water is tasteless，but is of great help when we are thirsty.”可知作者要敘述的是水在人們的生活中是很重要的，故選B。

【3】A

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第五段中的“True friends would often watch you silently far away when you are influential, but come to you whenever you need their help”可知這里指的是能幫上忙的有權(quán)的人，故選A。

【4】C

文章細節(jié)的理解可以細化為：（1）一一對應型。答案與題目在表達形式和意義上直接吻合，一一對應，一目了然 （2）語言轉(zhuǎn)述型。這是一類間接事實細節(jié)題，答案與題目在意義上運用了詞義之間的轉(zhuǎn)述關(guān)系，即正確選項是原文有關(guān)詞語和句子的另一種表達。 （3）語意理解型。這是一類深層事實細節(jié)理解題，答案與題目之間存在著一定的邏輯聯(lián)系，這種聯(lián)系需要建立在事實的基礎(chǔ)上通過上、下文來進行判斷、分析、歸納和整合，才能得出正確答案。 （4）是非辨別型。這是一類綜合事實細節(jié)題，出題形式常常是“三正一誤” 或“三誤一正”（ （5）事實排序型。這是一類運用多項事實進行排序的事實細節(jié)題。

【解題剖析】此題屬于細節(jié)理解中的---（2）語言轉(zhuǎn)述型。這是一類間接事實細節(jié)題，答案與題目在意義上運用了詞義之間的轉(zhuǎn)述關(guān)系，即正確選項是原文有關(guān)詞語和句子的另一種表達�！敬鸢付ㄎ弧扛鶕�(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中中的最后一句“Without them，you are likely to be unhealthy in spirit”.可知有朋友可以保持自己精神健康。

【推理關(guān)系】題干. According to the passage，true friends may help you _______.文章內(nèi)容Without them，you are likely to be unhealthy in spirit

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