【題目】 This photograph taken and released on Sep 28, 2018 by Indonesia’s National Agency for Disaster Management shows a house destroyed by a 7.5 magnitude (級(jí)) earthquake in the small town Donggala on Sulawesi Island. The quake brought down many buildings while tsunami waves hit into its beachfront. “All the things in my house were shaking and it left a small crack on my wall. Anyway, I survived!” one of the local people Mohammad Fikri said by telephone.

But the biggest killer was probably soil liquefaction (地基液化), which happens when a powerful quake turns the dry ground into a liquid mire (泥沼) and this totally destroyed several neighborhoods.

The official death reports rose to 1,948, and most of them were in Palu, the center of the Sulawesi Island. Bodies are still being dug out and the numbers from less populated areas are increasing but they seem to have suffered fewer deaths than the city. No one knows how many people are missing, especially in the areas hit by liquefaction, but it could be as high as 5,000, the National Disaster Agency said.

At a Palu middle school, fewer than 50 of its 697 students came. School principal Abdul Rashid said at least four students were killed in the quake. “Classes haven’t started. We’re only collecting data to find out how many students are safe,” he said. One boy chatting in the school with friends said he was disappointed that so few of his classmates had shown up. “I’m still waiting for the Ministry of Education to give us instructions on when to begin classes. For now, I don’t think we’re ready. Many children are so frightened that they need time to calm down.”

The government has collected $37 million to help victims of the earthquake. With the efforts of rescue workers and volunteers, the supply of gas and electricity has been recovered. Ruins would be cleared and areas hit by liquefaction would be turned into parks, gymnasiums and other public spaces, a spokesman said.

【1】It can be learned from paragraph 1 that ________.

A.the photo is released by Mohammad Fikri

B.no death was reported in the small town

C.the quake damaged many local buildings

D.Donggala is a town located off the Sulawesi island

【2】What caused the most damage in the quake?

A.A power failure.B.The cutoff of gas supply.

C.Soil liquefaction.D.The cracks of houses.

【3】Which of the following statements about the earthquake is TRUE?

A.Few people in Palu were killed in the quake.

B.People in the countryside suffered more from the hit.

C.Few students showed up because of their disappointment over the school.

D.The government is taking active measures against the disaster.

【4】What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?

A.To make a brief introduction of the damage caused by the tsunami.

B.To give a detailed news report of the Donggala quake.

C.To stress the importance of the rescue work after the quake.

D.To describe the students’ concern for safety at school.

【答案】

【1】C

【2】C

【3】D

【4】B

【解析】

這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了在Donggala 島Sulawesi 小鎮(zhèn)發(fā)生的7.5級(jí)地震，在地震中土壤液化造成的破壞最大，進(jìn)一步報(bào)道了地震對(duì)學(xué)校的影響，造成死亡人數(shù)上升到1,948人，政府正在采取積極措施來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)這場(chǎng)災(zāi)難。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“The quake brought down many buildings”（ 地震使許多建筑物倒塌了）可知，地震毀壞了許多當(dāng)?shù)亟ㄖ?/span>C選項(xiàng)里的“damaged”（毀壞）呼應(yīng)第一段第二句中的“brought down”（使倒下）。故選C。

【2】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“But the biggest killer was probably soil liquefaction”（但最大的殺手可能是土壤液化），可以推斷，在地震中，土壤液化造成的破壞最大。文中“killer”（殺手）引申為破壞力最大的原因。故選C。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“The government has collected $37 million to help victims of the earthquake. With the efforts of rescue workers and volunteers, the supply of gas and electricity has been recovered. Ruins would be cleared and areas hit by liquefaction would be turned into parks, gymnasiums and other public spaces, a spokesman said.”（ 政府已經(jīng)籌集了3700萬(wàn)美元，以幫助地震災(zāi)民。在救援人員和志愿者的努力下，天然氣和電力的供應(yīng)已經(jīng)恢復(fù)。一位發(fā)言人說(shuō)，將清理廢墟，將被液化破壞的地區(qū)變成公園，體育館和其他公共場(chǎng)所。），可知，政府正在采取積極措施來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)這場(chǎng)災(zāi)難。故選D。

【4】推理判斷題。第一段中的第一句“This photograph taken and released on Sep 28, 2018 by Indonesia’s National Agency for Disaster Management shows a house destroyed by a 7.5 magnitude (級(jí)) earthquake”（這張照片是由印度尼西亞國(guó)家災(zāi)害管理局于2018年9月28日拍攝并發(fā)布的，照片顯示，一座房屋在7.5級(jí)地震中被摧毀了）引出新聞事件；第二段第一句“But the biggest killer was probably soil liquefaction”（但最大的殺手可能是土壤液化）說(shuō)明地震破壞的主要原因；根據(jù)第三段第一句“The official death reports rose to 1,948”（官方的死亡報(bào)告人數(shù)上升到1948）可知，地震中死亡人數(shù)；第四段介紹震后學(xué)校狀況；根據(jù)最后一段第一句“The government has collected $37 million to help victims of the earthquake.”（政府已經(jīng)籌集了3700萬(wàn)美元，以幫助地震災(zāi)民。）可知，政府正在采取積極措施來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)這場(chǎng)災(zāi)難�？梢酝茢嘧髡邔戇@篇文章的目的是為了對(duì)Donggala地震作詳細(xì)的報(bào)道。故選B。

細(xì)節(jié)理解題里的語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)換，在文章找到選項(xiàng)中單詞的同義詞、近義詞或反義詞，再根據(jù)上下文理解最終確定答案。例如第1小題，根據(jù)第一段第二句“The quake brought down many buildings”（ 地震使許多建筑物倒塌了）可知，地震毀壞了許多當(dāng)?shù)亟ㄖ?/span>C選項(xiàng)里的“damaged”（毀壞）呼應(yīng)第一段第二句中的“brought down”（使倒下）。故選C。

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