Question

【題目】Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then write an English summary within 60 words in your own words according to the passage given below.

“Parents today want their kids spending time on things that can bring them success, but ironically, we’ve stopped doing one thing that’s actually been a proven predictor of success—and that’s household chores.” says Richard Rende, a developmental psychologist in Paradise Valley, Ariz., and co-author of the forthcoming book “raising Can-Do Kids”. Decades of studies show the benefits of chores--academically, emotionally and professionally.

Giving children household chores at an early age helps to build a lasting sense of mastery, responsibility and independence, according to research by Marty Rossmann, professor at the University of Minnesota. In 2002, Dr. Rossmann analyzed data from a longitudinal(縱向的) study that followed 84 children across four periods in their lives--in preschool around ages 10 and 15, and in their mid-20s. She found that young adults who began chores at ages 3 and 4 were more likely to have good relationships with family and friends and to achieve academic and early career success and to be self-sufficient, as compared with those who didn’t have chores or who started them as teens.

Chores also teach children how to be empathetic and responsive to others’ needs, notes psychologist Richard Weissbourd. In research, his team surveyed 10,000 high-school students and asked them to rank what they treasured more: achievement, happiness or caring for others. Almost 80% chose either achievement or happiness over caring for others. As he points out, however, research suggests that personal happiness comes most reliably not from high achievement but from strong relationships. “We’re outof balance,” says Dr. Weissbourd. A good way to start re-adjusting priorities, he suggests, is by learning to be kind and helpful at home.

The next time that your child asks to skip chores to do homework, resist the urge to let him or her off the hook. Being slack(懈怠的) about chores when they compete with school sends your child the message that grades and achievement are more important thancaring about others. What may seem like small messages in the moment add up to big ones over time.

Answer 1

【答案】Parents today overlook the significance of kids sharing housework, but studies show chores help children develop better in studies, mental health and even future careers. Besides, it enables kids to become responsible and self- reliant. Still, by doing their share of chores, kids grow to be loving, caring and helpful. So it’s important for parents to let children take up housework.

【解析】

這是一篇概要寫作。

概要寫作

寫作步驟

1）細(xì)讀原文。首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，掌握文章主旨。文章主要說明了如今的父母忽視了讓孩子分擔(dān)家務(wù)的重要性，但研究表明，家務(wù)可以幫助孩子在學(xué)習(xí)、心理健康甚至未來的職業(yè)生涯中發(fā)展得更好。此外，它使孩子成為負(fù)責(zé)任和自力更生。盡管如此，通過分擔(dān)家務(wù)，孩子們成長為有愛心、有愛心和樂于助人的人。所以父母讓孩子承擔(dān)家務(wù)是很重要的。

2）弄清結(jié)構(gòu)，歸納段意。概要寫作是寫全文概要，不是寫某一部分的概要，或者就某些問題寫出要點(diǎn)。因此一定要弄清文章結(jié)構(gòu)，歸納文章各段大意。

3）列出原文要點(diǎn)。分析原文的內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)，將內(nèi)容分項(xiàng)扼要表述并注意在結(jié)構(gòu)上的順序。在此基礎(chǔ)上選出與文章主題密切相關(guān)的部分。

4）在寫作時(shí)要特別注意下面幾點(diǎn)：

（1）概要應(yīng)包括原文中的主要事實(shí)，略去不必要的細(xì)節(jié)。

（2）安排好篇幅的比例，概要應(yīng)同原文保持協(xié)調(diào)，即用較多的文字寫重要內(nèi)容，用較少的文字寫次要內(nèi)容。

（3）注意要點(diǎn)之間的銜接，要用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)聯(lián)詞語貫通全文，切忌只簡單地寫出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每兩句之間都加關(guān)聯(lián)詞語，以免顯得生硬。

（4）不排斥用原文的某些詞句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的話語表達(dá)，至少對(duì)原文句子做一些同義詞替換，如果結(jié)構(gòu)上也能有一些轉(zhuǎn)換會(huì)更好。

（5）計(jì)算詞數(shù)，看是否符合規(guī)定的詞數(shù)要求。