Question

【題目】Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. defense B. avoid C. believing D. mistake E. required F. critical

G. cheating H. ashamed I. identify J. confirm K. similar

We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been cut down by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our 【1】, by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid 【2】 problems in the future.

Making ethical (倫理的)decisions is a(n) 【3】 part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can’t see the risks we’re taking, we can’t make responsible choices. To 【4】 risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn’t know the rules about plagiarism (剽竊) may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as 【5】. But the fact that such a violation is “unintentional” does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a 【6】.

Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themselves about the risks they’re taking by using excuses: “Everyone else does it,” “I’m not hurting anyone,” or “I really need this grade.” Excuses can get very complex: “I know I’m looking at another’s exam, even though I’m supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that’s not 【7】 because I’m just checking my answers, not copying.” We must be honest about our actions, and 【8】 excuses. If we fool ourselves into 【9】 we’re not doing anything wrong, we can’t see the real choice we’re making--and that leads to bad decisions.

To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. Would you feel proud or 【10】 of your actions? If you’d rather hide your actions, that’s a good indication that you’re taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】K

【3】F

【4】I

【5】E

【6】A

【7】G

【8】B

【9】C

【10】H

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文，介紹了我們應該從錯誤中吸取教訓，而不是為自己找借口，這樣才能避免以后再犯類似的錯誤。

【1】考查名詞。句意：真正的考驗是我們是否能從錯誤中吸取教訓。作動詞短語learn from的賓語用名詞，根據下文的“problems”可知此處指“錯誤”，故填D。

【2】考查形容詞。句意：理解我們?yōu)槭裁催@樣做，然后找出避免以后出現(xiàn)類似問題的方法。修飾名詞problems用形容詞，根據“exploring ways to avoid”可知此處指“類似的”，故填K。

【3】考查形容詞。句意：做出合乎道德的決定是避免以后的問題的關鍵部分。修飾名詞part用形容詞，根據“part of avoiding future problems”可知此處指“關鍵的”，故填F。

【4】考查動詞。句意：要識別風險，我們需要了解規(guī)則，了解事實�？涨暗�To為不定式符號，此處需要填動詞原形，根據“risks”可知此處指“識別”，故填I。

【5】考查動詞。句意：一個沒有仔細記錄研究筆記的人可能會無意中沒有按要求引用和引用資料來源。根據“one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources”可知此處表示“按要求”，本句實際上是as引導的方式狀語從句的省略，完整部分應該是as he is required，故填E。

【6】考查名詞。句意：不知道不能當作辯護（借口）。此處缺少名詞作表語，空前說雖然這種違反行為是無意的，但不能成為不當行為的借口，因此此處指“辯護（借口）”，故填A。

【7】考查名詞。句意：那不是作弊，因為我只是在對答案，而不是抄襲。根據句意可知此處缺少名詞作表語，根據“not copying”可知此處指“作弊”，故填G。

【8】考查動詞。句意：我們必須誠實對待自己的行為，避免找借口。此處缺少動詞作謂語，根據“be honest about our actions”可知此處表示“避免”，故填B。

【9】考查非謂語動詞。句意：如果我們自欺欺人地讓自己相信沒有做錯事，那么我們將無法看清自己真正的選擇，而這會讓我們做出糟糕的決定。作介詞into的賓語用動名詞，根據“we’re not doing anything wrong”可知此處指“相信”，故填C。

【10】考查形容詞。句意：你會為自己的行為感到驕傲還是羞愧？根據“feel proud or”可知此處表示“羞愧的”，be/feel ashamed of表示“對……感到羞愧”，故填H。