13．The National Gallery of Art in Washington，D．C．，is one of the world's greatest art museums．Millions of people have entered its doors to see paintings by the world's fine artists．But if these priceless masterpieces are to be preserved，the Gallery must protect them carefully．The Gallery's 135-man guard force has successfully prevented theft，but protecting the paintings from nature is a greater problem．
In past times，the owners of paintings did not protect them from damaging changes in humidity and temperature．As a result，the life of these paintings was shortened．In the National Gallery，however，humidity and temperature are carefully controlled．The building is air-conditioned in summer and heated in winter．The air-conditioning and heating systems are so important to the life of the paintings that the Gallery has two of each system．If one should fail，the extra one can take over．
Light is another enemy of paintings．Ultraviolet rays （紫外線） in light cause paintings to fade （褪色）．Long ago，paintings often hung in dark churches and palaces．A coat of varnish （清漆） was a protection from the weak light．But when museums took over the care of many paintings，they were often hung in brighter light than before．Soon they were in danger of fading．The damaging effects of light were increased when the museums removed the varnish coating，yellowed with age．
To protect its paintings，the National Gallery installed （安裝） a special kind of glass in its skylights．This glass allows visible lights to enter the building but it keeps out harmful ultraviolet rays．The Gallery has also developed new and better varnishes which help to keep paintings from fading．Thanks to these new precautions （預(yù)防措施），many of the world's greatest paintings are being well protected for future generations to enjoy．
32．The text mainly tells us aboutD．
A．the guard force in the National Gallery
B．the air-conditioning and heating systems in the National Gallery
C．priceless paintings of past times
D．protecting great paintings from nature
33．What does harm to paintings according to the text？A
A．Humidity，temperature and light．
B．Humidity，temperature and varnish．
C．Humidity，light and varnish．
D．Temperature，light and varnish．
34．Why did the museums remove varnish coatings from some paintings？D
A．They had built glass boxes for the paintings．
B．They had taken over the care of the paintings．
C．They found the coatings yellowed with age．
D．They would add other coating materials to the paintings．
35．We can infer from the text thatB．
A．the National Gallery has done little to protect the paintings
B．the care of the world's greatest paintings is both a big responsibility and a great challenge
C．you can touch these paintings while you are in the National Gallery
D．the guard force in the Gallery has not done a good job．

分析 本文講述了博物館內(nèi)的繪畫作品會(huì)受到濕度，溫度，光照的損害，以及博物館是如何采取措施保護(hù)畫的．

解答 32．D：主旨大意題．結(jié)合but protecting the paintings from nature is a greater problem可知文章主要介紹了The National Gallery of Art如何保護(hù)館內(nèi)的繪畫作品免受自然環(huán)境的破壞的．故選D．
33．A：細(xì)節(jié)題．結(jié)合the owners of paintings did not protect them from damaging changes in humidity（濕度）and temperature和Light is another enemy of paintings可知濕度，溫度和光照對(duì)繪畫作品都有害，故選A．
34．D：推斷詞義題．結(jié)合上文The Gallery has also developed new and better varnishes which help to keep paintings from fading．可知畫廊采用了新開發(fā)的設(shè)備來保護(hù)畫，故選D．
35．B：推斷題．結(jié)合But if these priceless masterpieces are to be preserved，the Gallery must protect them carefully．可知對(duì)于保護(hù)這些繪畫作品既是一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)也是美術(shù)館的責(zé)任．故選B．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 本篇文章難點(diǎn)在推理判斷題上．推理判斷題要以表面文字為前提，以具體事實(shí)為依據(jù)進(jìn)行推理，做出判斷．這種推理方式比較直接，考生只要弄清事實(shí)，即可結(jié)合上下文推斷出合理的結(jié)論．

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