【題目】 Cryonics is the practice of cooling dead organic tissue. This is used on humans or animals that have recently died. The hope is to bring them back to life in the near future. By law, it can only be performed on humans after they are legally dead. Many scientists and doctors think cryonics is totally morally unacceptable. However, there are also many who support cryonics.

Supporters of cryonics hope that future technology will improve. Molecular technology is especially hoped to reverse (逆轉(zhuǎn)) the early stages of clinical death. It is hoped that this will enable the repair of tissue on a very tiny level. It could also allow damaged tissues and organs to regenerate. They also assume that disease and aging will one day be reversible.

These supporters want to store the memory and identity from the brain of people who have recently died. Cryonics attempts to do this by using liquid that preserves the brain. If this is done before cooling, it will prevent injury. This cooling liquid saves the fine cell structures of the brain where memory and identity exist.

Critics of cryonics think this process is a waste of time and money. They base their opinions on the current level of science. It is true that cells, tissues, blood vessels, and some small animal organs can be reversibly preserved. Some frogs can even survive for a few months in a partially frozen state if they are kept a few degrees above freezing. But this is not true cryopreservation. There is no proof that the identity and memory of a person can be restored after death has occurred.

Critics also think that if it were possible to bring dead people back to life, it would cause many social problems. Critics worry it would cause a huge overpopulation problem. Many also think trying to reverse death is immoral because it is against the will of their God.

【1】What can we know about cryonics from paragraph 1?

A.Cryonics is used before people's death.

B.All scientists aren't in favor of the use of cryonics.

C.Laws forbid the use of cryonics on legally dead people.

D.Cryonics tries to cool dead organic tissue by using liquid.

【2】What does the underlined word 'regenerate' in paragraph 2 mean?

A.copy.B.return.

C.freeze.D.regrow.

【3】Why do critics oppose the use of cryonics?

A.It will make people's memory lost.

B.Injury will occur during the process.

C.There is scientific uncertainty about it.

D.It goes along with their religious belief.

【4】What is the main idea of the text?

A.The use of cryonics has a bright future.

B.Cryonics is still a controversial practice.

C.The practice of cryonics is limited by law.

D.There is an advance in medical technology.

【答案】

【1】B

【2】D

【3】C

【4】B

【解析】

這是一篇議論文。文章主要講述了人體冷凍技術(shù)的支持這和批判者對(duì)該技術(shù)的看法。

【1】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的Many scientists and doctors think cryonics is totally morally unacceptable. However, there are also many who support cryonics.(很多科學(xué)家和醫(yī)生認(rèn)為人體冷凍在道德上完全不可接受。然而也有許多人支持冷凍)可知，并非所有的科學(xué)家和醫(yī)生都贊成人體冷凍。B. All scientists aren’t in favor of the use of cryonics.(并非所有的科學(xué)家都贊成人體冷凍)符合以上說法，故選B項(xiàng)。

【2】

詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段的It is hoped that this will enable the repair of tissue on a very tiny level. It could also allow damaged tissues and organs to regenerate. They also assume that disease and aging will one day be reversible.可知，人們希望它可以在以一個(gè)非常小的水平上修復(fù)組織。它也可以讓受損的組織和器官regenerate。他們還假設(shè)疾病和衰老在將來的某天可逆。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，劃線部分的意思在詞義和感情色彩上應(yīng)和repair, reversible保持一致，再結(jié)合句意推測(cè)其為“再生”。D. regrow.(再生)符合以上說法，故選D項(xiàng)。

【3】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的They base their opinions on the current level of science. It is true that cells, tissues, blood vessels, and some small animal organs can be reversibly preserved. Some frogs can even survive for a few months in a partially frozen state if they are kept a few degrees above freezing. But this is not true cryopreservation. There is no proof that the identity and memory of a person can be restored after death has occurred. (批判者把他們的觀點(diǎn)建立當(dāng)前的科學(xué)水平上。的確，細(xì)胞、組織、血管和一些小動(dòng)物的器官可以被可逆地保存下來。一些青蛙甚至可以在半冷凍狀態(tài)活上幾個(gè)月。但這不是真正的冷凍，沒有證據(jù)表明一個(gè)人的身份和記憶可以在死后恢復(fù))可知，批判者反對(duì)人體冷凍的主要原因是在科學(xué)上還沒有證據(jù)證明人體冷凍后可以繼續(xù)存活，也沒有證據(jù)證明他們的身份和記憶可以恢復(fù)。C. There is scientific uncertainty about it.(科學(xué)上存在不確定性)符合以上說法，故選C項(xiàng)。

【4】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其是第二段的Supporters of cryonics hope that future technology will improve. Molecular technology is especially hoped to reverse (逆轉(zhuǎn)) the early stages of clinical death. (人體冷凍的支持者希望將來的科技將會(huì)改善。分子技術(shù)尤其希望逆轉(zhuǎn)早期臨床死亡)和第四段的Critics of cryonics think this process is a waste of time and money.(人體冷凍批判者認(rèn)為這個(gè)過程只是時(shí)間和金錢的浪費(fèi))可知，對(duì)于人體冷凍這個(gè)做法有人支持，有人反對(duì)，即它目前還是一個(gè)有爭(zhēng)議的做法B. Cryonics is still a controversial practice.(人體冷凍仍然是一個(gè)爭(zhēng)議的做法)符合以上說法，故選B項(xiàng)。

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