The marine environment is fascinating to study and work in due to its beauty, richness, and complexity. It covers three quarters of the surface of the Earth, yet we know more detail about the surface of Mars.
In the past, it was seen as both an inexhaustible resource and a bottomless sink for our wastes. Yet the increasing pressures of overpopulation, pollution and the threat to our natural environment mean that there is an increasing need for scientists who can understand how it all works, how it affects us, and how we are affecting it from global warming through to the smallest plankton.
From local issues to global concerns, we now know that the marine environment is inextricably linked to our lives, and to our future survival. It is an area where much remains to be discovered, and where only a multidisciplinary approach can cover the breadth of issues to be confronted. This is the approach taken on our Marine Environmental Science degree course.
This course takes a multi-disciplinary approach to explore and understand the marine environment. After an initial grounding in basic science, optional choices are available in specialist topics such as marine ecosystems and pollution, coastal navigation and oceanography, among others.
Our new harbor side marine laboratory is used for some of the specialist lectures, laboratory and project work, while a week's residential field course in the Isle of Man provides training to prepare for the research project conducted in your final year. There is an optional trip to Belize in the final year to study tropical marine environments.
小題1: From the passage, we can infer that ______.
A．people waste a lot of resource
B．marine environment covers 3/4 of the surface of Mars
C．marine environment is beautiful for its sufficient resources
D．the Earth is similar to Mars
小題2:The present environment of the Earth forces the experts and scholars to study ______.
A．the relationship between people’s actions and natural environment
B．the relationship between people’s actions and pollution
C．the relationship between people’s actions and overpopulation
D．the relationship between people’s actions and plankton
小題3: According to the passage, a multi-disciplinary approach is effective because _______.
A．we can choose some issues as optionally as we can
B．we have practiced the approach for a long time
C．the approach is linked to our future survival
D．the approach covers a lot of problems we will meet
小題4:We can divide the lectures of the course into ______ parts.
A．1B．2 C．3D．4
小題5:If a student choose marine Environmental Science degree course, he must ______.
A. make lectures about the issues to be confronted
B. provide training to get ready to do research project
C. take several days residential field in the Isle
travel to Belize to study tropical marine environments
Answers:

小題1:A
小題2:A
小題3:D
小題4:C
小題5:C
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解






There are many international organizations which work to save and protect endangered species(物種)and natural environment．If you would like more information about any of the organizations listed below, you can write to the addresses given．
Friends of the Earth(FOE)campaigns on a range of problems including rainforests，the countryside，water and air pollution and energy·
Friends of the Earth International Secretariat P．O．Box 19199
1000 G．D．
Amsterdam
The Netherlands
Greenpeace uses peaceful but direct action to defend the environment. It campaigns to protect rainforests and sea animals，stop global
warming and end pollution of air，land and seas．It also opposes nuclear(核)power．
Greenpeace International
Keizergracht 176
1016 DW Amsterdam
The Netherlands
BirdLife International is an organization
which works to save endangered birds all over the world．
BirdLife International
Wellbrook Court
Girton Road
Cambridge CB3 ONA
England
WWF-World Wide Fund For Nature is the world's  largest  private  international organization for the protection of nature and endangered species．
Information Officer
WWF International
Avenue du Mont-Blanc
1196 Gland
Switzerland
66．If you want to learn more about the organizations，you can        ．
A．call them     B．write them a letter    C．visit them    D．send them an e-mail
67．BirdLife International is an organization trying to            ．
A．reduce pollution                              B．defend rainforests
C．protect ocean animals                          D．save endangered birds
68．If you oppose nuclear power，you can join         ．
A．Friends of the Earth                         B．World Wide Fund For Nature
C．Greenpeace                                        D．BirdLife International
69．What can we learn about WWF?
A．It helps to protect nature and save endangered animals．
B．It is the world’s largest international organization．
C．It works for private companies and rich people．
D．It is a private organization in the United States．
70．Which is the best title for the passage?
A．Environmental Protection Organizations          B．Global Traffic Problems
C．Endangered Animals                                  D．Natural Beauty

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The ocean contains many strange and surprising creatures. One such creature is the puffer fish. This very strange fish is probably the most poisonous creature in the ocean. The poison that this fish produces is 275 times more poisonous than the chemical which is usually used to kill rats.
The puffer fish gets its name from the way the fish protects itself from enemies. Whenever it is attacked, the fish blows up its body to three times bigger than its normal size!
Another strange thing about this fish is the fact that it can swim like other fish. Because it does not have bones like other fish, the puffer fish can only move slowly through the water as it is carried by waves.
The puffer fish also has funny teeth. These teeth stick out of the fish’s mouth and are used by the fish to open the shells of the creatures that live on the ocean floor.
This strange, ugly, and very poisonous fish is actually a very expensive kind of food in Japan. The Japanese call this fish “fugu”, and people have been known to pay $150 per person to eat a fugu meal (usually eight servings)!
Very brave people want to eat the most poisonous part of the fugu fish on purpose. They think that this part of the fish tastes the best! Strict laws have been passed to control restaurants which serve fugu; however, quite a few people have still died from eating fugu.Almost 200 people have died over the past 25 years.
When people eat fugu poison, they do not die on the spot. First, they feel a strange tickle on their lips and in their mouth. Then they can not feel anything with their fingers. Finally, they cannot move or speak. Death follows when they can no longer breathe. The poison may take only a few minutes or up to six hours to kill a person. There is no known cure for fugu poisoning.
小題1:According to the passage, the puffer fish       .
A．is probably the most poisonous creature in the world
B．is generally considered to be the strangest fish in the ocean
C．is slightly more poisonous than the chemical used to kill rats
D．is without doubt a deadly creature if it is not eaten properly
小題2: Why do people think that the puffer fish is strange when it is attacked by an enemy?
A．It becomes bigger. B．It has funny teeth.
C．It gives off poison. D．It can swim swiftly.
小題3:The underlined expression “on the spot” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to      .
A．now and then B．once in a while
C．then and thereD．sooner or later
小題4:Who is allowed to serve fugu according to the passage?
A．The Japanese government. B．Licensed restaurants.
C．Strict lawyers in Japan . D．Very brave people
小題5:Which is NOT a symptom of fugu poisoning?
A．Having difficulty breathing. B．Having no sense of touch.
C．Having no sense of taste.D．Having trouble speaking.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


The exact number of English words is not known. The large dictionaries have over half a million entries, but many of these are compound words (schoolroom, sugar bowl) or different derivatives of the same word (rare—rarely, rarefy), and a good many are obsolete words to help us read older literature. Dictionaries do not attempt to cover completely words that we can draw on: the informal vocabulary, especially slang, localism, the terms of various occupations and professions; words use only occasionally by scientists and specialists in many fields; foreign words borrowed for use in English; or many new words or new senses of words that come into use every year and that may or may not be used long enough to warrant being included. It would be conservative to say that there are over a million English words that any of us might meet in our listening and reading and that we may draw on in our speaking and writing.
Professor Seashore concluded that first?graders enter school with at least 2,000 words and add 5,000 each year so that they leave high school with at least 80,000. These figures are for recognition vocabulary, the words we understand when we read or hear them. Our active vocabulary, the words we use in speaking and writing, is considerably smaller.
You cannot always produce a word exactly when you want it. But consciously using the words you recognize in reading will help get them into your active vocabulary. Occasionally in your reading pay particular attention to these words, especially when the subject is one that you might well write or talk about. Underline or make a list of words that you feel a need for and look up the less familiar ones in a dictionary. And then before very long find a way to use some of them.
Once you know how they are pronounced and what they stand for, you can safely use them.
46. In the author´s estimation, there are ____ words in English.
A. more than half a million                B. at least 24,000
C. at least 80,000                       D. more than a million
47. The word “obsolete” most probably means ____.
A. no longer in use  B. profound   C. colorful or amusing   D. common
48. One´s recognition vocabulary is ____.
A. less often used than his active vocabulary
B. smaller than his active vocabulary
C. as large as his active vocabulary
D. much larger than his active vocabulary
49. The author does not suggest getting recognition vocabulary into active vocabulary by ____.
A. making a list of words you need and looking up the new ones in a dictionary
B. everyday spending half an hour study the dictionary
C. consciously using the words you recognize in reading
D. trying to use the words you recognize
50. From this passage we learn that ____.
A. dictionaries completely cover the words we can make use of
B. “schoolroom” is used in the passage as an example of a specialized term
C. once you know how a word is pronounced and what it represents, you have turned it into your active word
D. active vocabulary refers to words we understand when we read and hear them

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Space is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors (流星 ) but also because of rays from the sun and other stars. The atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on earth. Light gets through, and this is essential for plants to make the food which we eat. Heat, too, makes our environment endurable（可忍受的）. Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation（輻射） from the sun are screened off. As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage.
Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space. The unit of radiation is called "rem". Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed on. The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage - a person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will no be discovered until the birth of abnormal children or even grandchildren.
Missions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high amount of rems. So far, no dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short. We simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere, working in a space laboratory. Drugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation, but no really effective ones have been found so far.
1. According to the first paragraph, the atmosphere is essential to man in that ____.
A. it protects him against the harmful rays from space
B. it provides sufficient light for plant growth
C. it supplies the heat necessary for human survival
D. it screens off the falling meteors
2. We know from the passage that ____.
A. exposure to even tiny amounts of radiation is deadly
B. the effect of exposure to radiation is slow in coming
C. radiation is avoidable in space exploration
D. astronauts in spacesuits needn't worry about radiation damage
3. The harm radiation has done to the Apollo crew members ____
A. is significant            B. seems overestimated
C. is enormous             D. remains unknown
4. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.
A. the Apollo mission was very successful
B. protection from space radiation is no easy job
C. astronauts will have deformed children or grandchildren
D. radiation is not a threat to well-protected space explorers
45. The best title for this passage would be ____.
A. The Atmosphere and Our Environment   B. Research on Radiation
C. Effects of Space Radiation             D. Importance of Protection Against Radiation

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Special Bridges Help Animals Cross the Road
— Reported by Sheila Carrick
Why did the chicken cross the road? To get to the other side.
Most people know this joke. But recently, some people have been much more worried about how the grizzly bear(灰熊)and mountain lion can cross the road.
"Millions of animals die each year on US roads," the Federal Highway Administration reports. In fact，only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the US today. The main reason? Road kill.
"Ecopassages (生態(tài)通道 ) " may help animals cross the road without being hit by cars. They are paths both over and under roads. "These ecopassages can be extremely useful, so that wildlife can avoid road accidents," said Jodi Hilty of the Wildlife Protection Society.
But do animals actually use the ecopassages? The answer is yes. Paul Beier of Northern Arizona University found foot marks left by mountain lions on an ecopassage that went under a highway. This showed that the lions used the passage.
Builders of ecopassages try to make them look like a natural part of an area by planting trees on and around them. Animals seem to be catching on. Animals as different as salamanders(火蜥蜴) and grizzly bears are using the bridges and underpasses.
The next time you visit a park or drive through an area with a lot of wildlife, look around. You might see an animal overpass!
小題1:The writer uses the example of "ocelots " to show that ________.
A．wild animals have become more dangerous
B．the driving conditions have improved greatly
C．the measure for projecting wildlife fails to work
D．a(chǎn)n increasing number of animals are killed in road accidents
小題2: From the news story, we know an ecopassage is ________.
A．a(chǎn)n underground path for carsB．a(chǎn) fence built for the safety of the area
C．a(chǎn) bridge for animals to get over a riverD．a(chǎn) path for animals to cross the road
小題3: When the writer says that animals seem" to be catching on", he means ________.
A．a(chǎn)nimals begin to realize the dangers on the road
B．a(chǎn)nimals begin to learn to use ecopassages
C．a(chǎn)nimals are crossing the road in groups
D．a(chǎn)nimals are increasing in number
小題4: The writer asks visitors and drivers to look around when traveling because________
A．wild animals may attack carsB．wild animals may jam the road
C．they may see wild animals in the parkD．they may see wild animals on ecopassages

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


　　A new study has found that it may be possible to train people to be more intelligent，increasing the brainpower they had at birth.
　　Until now，it has been widely assumed that the kind of mental ability that allows us to solve new problems without having any relevant previous experience—what psychologists call fluid intelligence—is innate and cannot be taught（though people can raise their grades on tests of it by practicing）.
　　But in the new study，researchers describe a method for improving this skill，along with experiments to prove it works.
　　The key, researchers found, was carefully structured training in working memory—the kind that allows memorization of a telephone number just long enough to dial it. This type of memory is closely related to fluid intelligence，so the researchers reasoned that improving it might lead to improvements in fluid intelligence.
　　First they measured fluid intelligence of volunteers using standard tests. Then they trained each in a complicated memory task—the child’s card game，in which they had to recall a card they saw and heard. During the course, they needed to ignore irrelevant items，monitor ongoing performance，manage two tasks at the same time and connect related items to one another in space and time.
　　The four groups experienced a half-hour of training daily for 8，12，17 and 19 days，respectively. To make sure they were not just improving their test-taking skills，the researchers compared them with control groups that took the tests without the training.
　　The results, published Monday in The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences，were striking. Improvement in the trained groups was a lot greater. Moreover，the longer they trained, the higher their scores were. All performers，from the weakest to the strongest，showed significant improvement.
　　“Our results show you can increase your intelligence with proper training.”said Dr Jaeggi, a co-author of the paper.“No one knows how long the gains will last after training stops，”he added，“and the experiment’s design did not allow the researchers to determine whether more training would continue to produce further gains.”
67．The researchers thought the key to improving the intelligence was ______________.
A．memorizing telephone numbers
B．improving working memory
C．training in concentration
D．recalling a card
68．The following aspects of the training help increase intelligence EXCEPT___________.
A．ignoring irrelevant items
B．monitoring ongoing performance
C．managing two tasks at the same time
D．using previous experience
69．When the experiment was conducted，the researchers______________.
A．trained the four groups for the same period of time
B．only made comparisons between the four groups
C．compared the four groups with control groups
D．trained the four groups together
70．By writing the article，the writer intends to ______________.
A．inform the readers of a new study
B．call on people to be trained to increase intelligence
C．prove one’s born brainpower can be improved
D．tell people the improved intelligence will last forever

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The Red Panda isn’t much bigger than an average size house cat. At first you may think it’s a bear because of its name. They’re actually a member of the raccoon(浣熊) family which you can tell if you look at their appearance. The Red Panda has a long bushy tail that is useful in two ways. It helps them stay balanced when they are high up in the trees and it keeps them warm in cold weather. Their fur is thick and reddish brown, which may be why they’re known as the fire fox.
The Red Panda can be found in forested mountains. They’re originally from the forested mountain in the Himalayas in India, Nepal and Southern China. Bamboo is the most important part of their diet. They only eat the young leaves and shoots (嫩芽) of a bamboo plant. Red Pandas have a very low metabolic(新陳代謝的) rate in order to deal with their low energy diet and cool environmental temperatures.
They’re very shy and gentle and don’t hang around the wild too much during the day. If they feel endangered, they’ll stand on their back legs and make a hissing(嘶嘶) sound. Red Pandas are good climbers and spend most of their time living mainly in trees. Their claws are very strong and help them hold onto the branches. They sleep in an unusual way by curling up tightly and wrapping their tails around their heads while sitting on a branch. Sometimes they’ll sleep with their head beneath their chest and behind their back feet. This is the same position as an American raccoon sleeps.
小題1:You can tell that the Red Panda is a member of the raccoon family from ____.
A．its nameB．its appearanceC．its dietD．its living place
小題2:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The Red Panda can only be found in India, Nepal and Southern China.
B．The Red Panda’s tail can help it stay balanced when it is high up in the trees.
C．The Red Panda eats the whole of the bamboo.
D．The Red Panda has high metabolic rate when the temperature is low.
小題3:What will Red Pandas do when they are in trouble?
A．They will hang around the wild during the day.
B．They will climb into the trees.
C．They will wrap their tails around their heads.
D．They will stand on their back legs and make a hissing sound.
小題4:The Red Panda holds onto the branches with its ____.
A．tailB．furC．back legsD．claws

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Lateral thinking（迂回思維），first described by Edward de Bono in 1967，is just a few years older than Edward’s son．You might imagine that Caspar was raised to be an adventurous thinker，but the de Bono was so famous，Casspar’s parents worried that any time he would say something bright at school，his teachers might ask，“Where do you get that idea from？”
“We had to be careful and not overdo it．”Edward admits．Now Caspar is at Oxford-which once looked unlikely because he is also slightly dyslexic（誦讀困難）．In fact，when he was applying to Oxford，none of his school teachers thought he had a chance．“So then we did several thinking sessions,”his father says，“using my techniques and，when he went up for the exam，he did extremely well．”Soon after，Edward de Bone decided to write his latest book，“Teach Your Child How to Think”，in which he transforms the thinking skills he developed for brain-storming businessmen into informal exercises for parents and children to share．
Thinking is traditionally regarded as something executed in a logical sequence，and everybody knows that children aren’t very logical．So isn’t it an uphill battle，trying to teach them to think？“You know，”Edward de Bono says，“if you examine people’s thinking，it is quite unusual to find faults of logic．But the faults of perception are huge！Often we think ineffectively because we take too limited a view．”
“Teach Your Child How to Think”offers lessons in perception improvement，of clearly seeing the implications of something you are saying and of exploring the alternatives．
60．What is TRUE about Caspar？
A．He is Edward’s son．   B．He is an adventurous thinker．
C．He first described lateral thinking．      D．He is often scolded by his teacher．
61．It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that Edward        .
A．was likely to improve children’s logic with his book
B．gave a description of lateral thinking several years after his son was born
C．was prompted to study lateral thinking because his son was slightly dyslexic
D．once taught businessmen how to think before he wrote for parents and chikdren
62．According to Paragraph 3，which of the following statements expresses Edward de Bone’s view？
A．Everybody knows that children aren’t very logical．
B．It is an uphill battle trying to teach children to think．
C．We often think ineffectively because we take too limited a view．
D．Thinking is traditionally regarded as something executed in a logical sequence．
63．Lateral thinking refers to the following EXCEPT        ．
A．improving one’s logic in thinking
B．improving one’s perception in thinking
C．seeing the implications of what you are saying
D．exploring the alternatives for what you are saying

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