9．First aid means what it says：the aid，or help that can be given to an injured person first which is before any other help．Usually the first thing we should do if a serious accident happens is to telephone for an ambulance，but sometimes quick actions by us may save someone's1ife．
Shock：people often suffer from shock after receiving an injury．The face turns grey，and the skin becomes damp and cold．They breathe quickly．They should be kept warm．Cover them with a blanket and give them a warm drink．
Broken Bones：Don't move the person．Send for an ambulance at once．
Poison：A person who has swallowed poison should be taken to hospital at once．With some poisons，sleeping pills，for example，it is a good thing to make the person sick by pushing your fingers down his throat．But if he has swallowed some kind of acid，or anything that burns，it would be a bad thing to make the person sick by pushing your fingers down his throat．The poison would burn his throat as it came up．It is，therefore，best to find out what the person has taken so that you can call to tell the doctor．
Suffocation：This means not being able to breathe．For example，a drowning person will have his lungs full of water．Lay him down with his head lower than the rest of his body so that the water will drain out．If a person has something stuck in his throat，try to remove it with your fingers，or by hitting him on the back．When a person has stopped breathing because of drowning，electric shock，breathing in a poisonous gas，etc，you can help him to begin breathing again．
Remember：When an accident happens，send someone to telephone for an ambulance at once．Keep the injured person warm and quiet．Give him plenty of air．Do not let other people crowd around him．If you see an injured person who is being looked after，keep away．
51．The underlined word"drain out"in paragraph 5probably meansC．
A．leave out B．squeeze out C．flow away D．let out
52．When someone is injured，what should we do first？B
A．Keep him warm with a blanket．
B．Send for an ambulance at once．
C．Make him sick by pushing your fingers down his throat．
D．Lay him down with his head lower．
53．The passage is mainly aboutD．
A．the importance of first aid
B．the symptoms of shocks
C．the types of injuries
D．how to offer first aid
54．Where would this article probably appear？A
A．In a safety pamphlet（小冊(cè)子）
B．In an advertisement
C．In a newspaper
D．In a popular magazine
55．Which of the following statements about first aid is mentioned in this passage？B
A．First aid is always offered to the injured by the doctors．
B．Leave the person with broken bones alone before a doctor comes．
C．Give enough water to the person breathing in a poisonous gas as soon as possible．
D．Put down the injured with his head higher than the rest of his body．
分析 本文屬于說(shuō)明文閱讀，作者通過(guò)這篇文章主要向我們描述了如何提供急救，加強(qiáng)了讀者的急救安全知識(shí)．
解答 51．C．詞義猜測(cè)題．根據(jù)第五段：Lay him down with his head lower than the rest of his body so that the water will drain out可知他躺下來(lái)頭比身體的其他部位低，水會(huì)流出；故選C．
52．B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第一段：Usually the first thing we should do if a serious accident happens is to telephone for an ambulance可知通常我們應(yīng)該做的第一件事如果嚴(yán)重事故發(fā)生是電話叫救護(hù)車(chē)；故選B．
53．D．主旨大意題．文章主要講了如何提供急救，加強(qiáng)了讀者的急救安全知識(shí)；故選D．
54．A．推理判斷題．作者通過(guò)這篇文章主要向我們描述了如何提供急救，加強(qiáng)了讀者的急救安全知識(shí)，因此會(huì)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)安全的小冊(cè)子中；故選A．
55．B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章Broken Bones：Don't move the person．Send for an ambulance at once可知在醫(yī)生來(lái)之前先把骨折的人單獨(dú)留下；故選B．
點(diǎn)評(píng) 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進(jìn)行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí)，要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．
