【題目】閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

China has ambitious plans to reduce single-use plastics by 2025. China’s National Development and Reform Commission is taking a number of measures 1 (design) to cut the production and use of plastics over the next five years. At the end of 2020,non- Biodegradable (非生物降解的) plastic bags 2 (ban) in supermarkets and malls in major cities. The ban will also apply 3 food delivery services, which use vast amounts of the plastics. Food delivery and takeaway services will stop 4 (use)single-use plastic straws and cutlery (餐具) nationwide. China will encourage 5 use of alternative materials such as non-plastic products and biodegradable shopping bags.

Single-use plastics are one of the world’s 6 (big) sources of plastic pollution. They 7 (become) a part of daily life and a part of our throwaway culture for decades. China set a goal of reducing overconsumption in order to get rid of our reliance on single-use plastics. Previous regulations on plastic use, in 2008, cut production of 8 (rough) 67 billion plastic bags. The United Nations said it’s urgent that all countries adopt 9 (policy) similar to those China is introducing. It said the world cannot cope with the amount of plastic waste we produce. 10 we must rethink is the way we manufacture, use and manage plastics.

【答案】

1designed

2will be banned

3to

4using

5the

6biggest

7have become

8roughly

9policies

10What

【解析】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章說(shuō)明了中國(guó)國(guó)家發(fā)展和改革委員會(huì)正在采取一系列措施,旨在在未來(lái)五年內(nèi)減少塑料的生產(chǎn)和使用。到2020年底,主要城市的超市和商場(chǎng)將禁止使用不可降解的塑料袋。該禁令也將適用于使用大量塑料的食品配送服務(wù)。這一舉措也得到了聯(lián)合國(guó)的認(rèn)可。

1考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),可知design在句中應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式,且與邏輯主語(yǔ)measures構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。故填designed

2考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)上文At the end of 2020可知應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí),且主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填will be banned

3考查介詞。句意:該禁令也將適用于使用大量塑料的食品配送服務(wù)。結(jié)合句意表示“適用于”,短語(yǔ)為apply to。故填to。

4考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi),食品外賣(mài)服務(wù)將停止使用一次性塑料吸管和餐具。表示“停止(正在做的)某事”應(yīng)用stop doing sth.。故填using

5考查冠詞。句意:中國(guó)將鼓勵(lì)使用非塑料產(chǎn)品和可降解購(gòu)物袋等替代材料。use為名詞,此處表示特指“替代材料”的使用,應(yīng)用定冠詞the。故填the。

6考查最高級(jí)。句意:一次性塑料是世界上最大的塑料污染源之一。結(jié)合句意表示“世界上最大的”,應(yīng)用形容詞最高級(jí)。故填biggest

7考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)后文for decades可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),且主語(yǔ)為they,故助動(dòng)詞用have。故填have become。

8考查副詞。句意:2008年出臺(tái)的有關(guān)塑料使用的規(guī)定,減少了大約670億個(gè)塑料袋的生產(chǎn)。此處修飾后文67 billion,應(yīng)用副詞roughly,表示“大約”。故填roughly

9考查名詞的數(shù)。句意:聯(lián)合國(guó)表示,當(dāng)務(wù)之急是所有國(guó)家都采取類(lèi)似中國(guó)的政策。policy為可數(shù)名詞,前面沒(méi)有冠詞,故應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填policies。

10考查連接詞。句意:我們必須重新思考的是我們制造、使用和管理塑料的方式。此處為主語(yǔ)從句,從句中缺少賓語(yǔ),指代“必須重新思考的事情”,應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo),句首字母要大寫(xiě)。故填What。

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