It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (學術(shù)界) outweigh any financial considerations.
Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of inquiry have few prospects of a commercial return, and Lee’s is one of them.
The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical (制藥的) company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.
Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (轉(zhuǎn)換) to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development. “Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”
小題1:By “a one-way street” (Line 1, Para. 1), the author means ________.
A．university researchers know little about the commercial world
B．there is little exchange between industry and academia
C．few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university
D．few university professors are willing to do industrial research
小題2:What was Helen Lee’s major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?
A．Flexible work hours. B．Her research interests.
C．Her preference for the lifestyle on campus.D．Prospects of academic accomplishments.
小題3:Guy Grant chose to work as a researcher at Cambridge in order to ________.
A．do financially more rewarding workB．raise his status in the academic world
C．enrich his experience in medical researchD．exploit better intellectual opportunities
小題4:What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university?
A．Increase its graduates’ competitiveness in the job market.
B．Develop its students’ potential in research.
C．Help it to obtain financial support from industry.
D．Gear its research towards practical applications.

小題1:C
小題1:B
小題1:D
小題1:A
略
練習冊系列答案
相關(guān)習題

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Our lives were supposed to be more flexible and family-friendly thanks to the technology at our fingertips. But in this age of BlackBerrys, recession pressures, working at home after hours and on weekends, family time may not be working out the way we thought.
Busy parents who expected more time with the kids are Finding that more work hours at home don't necessarily translate into quality time with them.
A new generation of parents needs to discover the meaning of "quality time," researchers say. “Personally, just given the life I lead, I think there is something to this idea of quality time- spending productive time with children vs. just being around,” says Peter Brandon, a professor at Carleton College. He says engaging or interacting with a child in activities such as reading or playing counts as quality time rather than "passive monitoring," such as washing the dishes while the child is watching TV.
“This time with children pays off,” Brandon says. He notes that good parent-child relationships result in children being happier and more successful, including at school.
As parents struggle to be more available to their kids, new research on work and family  schedules to be presented Friday at the meeting in Dallas includes a study that shows parents' availability is on the decline because more parents are in the workforce. Although parents today may be spending more time on child care, they are less available overall.
Working parents who spend less time with their children should try to make sure the time they do spend is communicating with them, vs. doing the dishes or spending more time on themselves, Brandon says “The trade-off is not necessarily taking away time from your kid,” he says "You're taking away time from other things”
小題1:The first paragraph mainly intends to tell us that            .
A．technology lets parents work at home
B．parents are satisfied with their work
C．technology makes our lives much easier
D．the family time is not always satisfying
小題2:We can learn from the third paragraph that               .
A．some families are not experiencing quality time
B．it's enough for parents to stay with their children
C．parents enjoy engaging in work-at-home activities
D．working hours at home can transform into quality time
小題3: According to Brandon, the quality time means
A．just, being around with children
B．work time is separate from family time
C．spending instructive time with children
D．letting the children do whatever they want to do
小題4:The underlined sentence “This time with children pays” off means            .
A．the time with children is of little value
B．the time with children costs quite a lot
C．the time with children leads to good result
D．the time with children has a bad effect on them
小題5:What will the author most probably talk about in next part of the passage?
A．How to spend more time at home
B．How to do the dishes in a proper way.
C．How to spend more time on working at home.
D．How to take away time in a much proper way.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Internet dating has become one of the biggest and most successful business ventures on the Internet．Basically, Internet dating is a way to meet people for either friendship or dating without actually having to meet them in person first．
The first thing to do it you decide to try Internet dating is to build your profile （簡介） which can include your hobbies, hopes for the future, and so on．A photograph is optional, but many sites claim that a photograph increases the number of people who look at your profile．Many Internet dating sites will charge a one-lime registration fee to use their services.
Internet dating makes it possible to meet people from all over the world．You can even narrow the search down to your area by zip code．Another advantage is that you can communicate by e-mail before you meet in person．Thousands of people have met, fallen in love, and married through Internet dating．It is an excellent way for shy people to meet．It is also a way for people with busy lives to connect with others, and an easy way to meet people who share your interests．
Just as in traditional dating and love, there are some pitfalls to be aware of in Internet dating．The person you have been talking to on the Net may not be who they say they are, Be very aware that there are some people who misrepresent their appearance or private details, such as marital status, income, and so on, for their own reasons．It would not be the first time that someone has been taken in, and talk shows are full of cheating partners who have been caught dating over the Internet in their spare time．Nevertheless, taking a few simple precautions should help ensure that your Internet dating experience is fun．
小題1:The purpose of writing the passage is to _____．
A．persuade readers to go dating on the Internet
B．inform us how to date on the Internet
C．warn readers against web love
D．introduce Internet dating to us
小題2:Which of the following is a must to make an Internet dating possible?
A．A photo．B．A profile．C．Money．D．Business experience．
小題3:One advantage of Internet dating is that _____．
A．you can avoid a face-to-face meeting in the beginning
B．you’re sure to find a partner with the same interests
C．you’ll find absolutely dependable information of others
D．you’ll gain fame and money overnight
小題4:What is probably talked about following the last paragraph?
A．Traditional dating．B．Hidden advantages．
C．Safety measures．D．Romantic love．
小題5:The underlined word "pitfalls" in Paragraph  4 most probably means ______
A．rulesB．trendsC．problems D．skills

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

As we all know, any country has good reasons to want its citizens to be as healthy as possible. This led to the introduction of a health service in many countries. France has developed into a country in which all citizens can get most of the health treatment free. The money for this is partly from the people who are willing to offer.
But there are different opinions about the Health Service. The number of patients treated every year and the cost of treatment are much greater than expected. This means that the people who work for the Health Service --- doctors, nurses and other hospital workers, have much more work to do, and as a result they have little time for preventive treatment.
However, the tough problem is that as many people are able to receive treatment more expensive than they can pay, sometimes people go and visit their doctors when they don’t really need to. As there are many patients, doctors cannot spend time long enough with each patient. So some people prefer to pay for their own treatment so that their doctors can examine them more carefully. In fact, some rich people feel that they should pay more free money, which would be given to other citizens.
小題1: France is described as an example to show that __________.
A．people have to pay part of the medical care
B．everyone in France enjoys free medical care
C．it is a country with the Health Service
D．it is a very rich country in Europe
小題2: What is the problem in the Health Service?
A．Money is not enough to employ more medical workers.
B．There are not enough well-treated doctors.
C．People can get more preventive treatment.
D．Doctors and nurses are not working hard.
小題3: Why do many people go and see the doctors even when they really don’t need to?
A．To keep himself even more healthy.B．To receive treatment free of charge.
C．To take back some expensive medicine. D．To get necessary protective treatment.
小題4:What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．The Health Service is quite successful so far.
B．People should not go to the doctors unless necessary.
C．There is much to improve the Health Service.
D．The rich should be allowed to pay for the treatment.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Blogs allow readers to post comments. There were millions of blogs out there, so I   36  expected anyone to read mine,   37  respond. But almost immediately they did. Twelve messages were   38  after my first entry. I went to the library five times that day—each time there were more.
The next morning I couldn’t wait to get up and hurry to the library.   39  I told my story. It gave structure and a purpose to my day.
For so long I’d been unable to   40  in the real world, afraid of rejection or pity or scorn(輕蔑).   41  here it was safe. This   42  with people on the other side of the screen, many on the other side of the world, was   43  me back to life again.
One particularly cold Tuesday I opened my   44  to see, among emails from bloggers   45  how I was surviving the snow, one saying: “New York Times Journalist Trying to Contact You.” Ian Urbina had discovered my blog   46  when researching an article on people living in their   47  in the U.S. exchanged emails and later he called me up. I hadn’t spoken to   48  for months but, as rain streamed down the glass   49 , the words came. I had been living in the car for almost nine months.
The article   50  on the front page. I didn’t know until I opened my computer. There were emails from people around the world. For almost a year on one had known I   51  existed but now here were hundreds wishing me well. They said they were   52  for me.
Now every time I pressed “Check Mail”, there were more messages. I watched the numbers of the visitors counter on my blog   53  by the hundreds. These were people at their computers all over the world. I felt as of I was viewing a miracle unfold(展開).
Over the next week, in libraries and in the car   54  under lamp posts at night, I wrote my papers. I had notepaper spread   55  the dashboard(儀表盤). And every morning in the quiet of the lane, I wrote for my life.
小題1:
A．nearlyB．eagerlyC．patientlyD．hardly
小題2:
A．rather thanB．more thanC．let aloneD．other than
小題3:
A．readB．printedC．leftD．taken
小題4:
A．The other dayB．Day and nightC．All day long D．Another day
小題5:
A．give outB．reach outC．make outD．hand out
小題6:
A．ButB．AndC．OrD．Then
小題7:
A．problemB．workC．a(chǎn)ppointment D．connection
小題8:
A．payingB．givingC．bingingD．writing
小題9:
A．websiteB．mailboxC．blogD．newspaper
小題10:
A．concerned aboutB．bored withC．careless ofD．disappointed at
小題11:
A．by mistakeB．in timeC．by chanceD．a(chǎn)t last
小題12:
A．homesB．officesC．carsD．libraries
小題13:
A．everybodyB．a(chǎn)nyone C．a(chǎn)notherD．other
小題14:
A．inwardsB．insideC．outwardsD．outside
小題15:
A．carriedB．publishedC．a(chǎn)ppearedD．contributed
小題16:
A．a(chǎn)lreadyB．evenC．a(chǎn)lmostD．only
小題17:
A．prayingB．fightingC．votingD．looking
小題18:
A．endingB．increasingC．droppingD．expanding
小題19:
A．repairedB．washedC．crashedD．parked
小題20:
A．throughB．beyondC．a(chǎn)cross D．a(chǎn)bove

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In a US city, a woman parked her car in an attended lot. Hoping to get a discount on the cost of parking, she asked, “Do you give validation(批準)?”“Certainly,”replied the store's manager:“You are an excellent person and I love your hair.” That might be worth the cost of parking．I mean，who wouldn't pay a couple of dollars for this kind of validation?
Author Alan McGinIlis cites an interesting study about the power of positive encouragement．A second-grade teacher complained that her children were spending too much time standing up and roaming around the room rather than working．
Two psychologists observed the behavior of the children and the teacher. Every ten seconds they noted how many children were out of their seats. They counted 360 unseated children throughout each 20-minute period．They also noted that the teacher said "Sit down!" seven times during the same period．
The psychologists tried an experiment．They asked the teacher to tell the children to sit down more often. This time they noted that she commanded her students to sit down 27.5 times in an average 20-minute period, and now 540 were noted to be out of their seats during the same average period．Her increased scolding actually made the problem worse．
Then the experimenters tried a different task．They asked the teacher to quietly praise those children who were seated and working．At this time, children's roaming was decreased by 33％．They showed their best behavior when they were praised more and blamed less．
People who motivate others to take great action are almost always those who encourage more than criticize; who praise more and blame less.
Perhaps the woman's question is the correct one after all．"Do you give validation?" I hope I can always answer “YES”.
小題1:When parking her car in an attended lot, the woman ________.
A．made a very silly mistakeB．was laughed at by the manager
C．got great praise from the managerD．failed to pay the cost of parking at last
小題2:The students in the study performed better mainly because_______.
A．they were motivated by the psychologists
B．they were inspired by the teacher's attitude
C．they regretted roaming around the classroom
D．they changed their relationship with the teacher
小題3: In the passage, the author thinks that_______.
A．it is better to blame others than to praise others
B．sometimes it's hard to receive praise from others
C．criticizing children does no good to their growth
D．we all know how to encourage others by praising
小題4: Why does the author talk about the study in the passage?
A．To show the power of encouragement.
B．To show how the teacher praises children.
C．To show his argument is scientifically based.
D．To show the teacher is a successful motivator.
小題5:What is the author's attitude towards giving validation?
A．NeutralB．NegativeC．PositiveD．Reasonable

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

British society is considered to be divided into three main groups of classes－the upper class，the middle class．a(chǎn)nd the lower or working class．This is known as the class system and it is important to know something about it if you mean to understand British people and society．Most British people grow up with a deep knowledge and understanding of the class system even if they are not very conscious（意識到的）of it．As a result，more people know which class they belong to and are able to tell which class other people come from by the way they speak，the kind of clothes they wear，their interests and hobbies or even the type of food they eat．
Social class is not only about behavior and attitudes．For example，although many upper class people are rich and may own a lot of land，having a lot of money does not necessarily make a person one member of the upper class．It is also important to come from a particular kind of family，have friends who are considered suitable，have been to a certain type of private school and speak with the right kind of accent．There are people who are poor but who do not think of themselves as working class because their family background，education，political opinions，etc．a(chǎn)re basically different from those of most working－class people．Many people do not like the class system but it is impossible to pretend that these differences do not exist or that British people do not sometimes form opinions in this way．
小題1:The idea of the class system in Britain __________．
A．exists only in the mind of foreignersB．is deeply rooted in the British people
C．is now under attackD．is regarded as a long custom
小題2:If an Englishman has a lot of money，__________．  
A．he belongs to the middle class
B．he must be a member of the upper class
C．he is not likely to be from the upper class
D．he may buy an upper class title with money
小題3:What does the second paragraph mainly discuss?
A．Many rich people do not belong to the upper class．
B．Today many British people do not like the class system．
C．Many poor people do not consider themselves a lower class．
D．An Englishman’S social class is determined by many factors．
小題4:What would be the best title for the passage?
A．An Unequal SocietyB．Social Class in Britain
C．British People and SocietyD．Information about Britain

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Whatever we may need to buy，we can use our credit cards．This is a change from the older days when we had to first check whether cards were accepted．Today，everybody, from retailers（零售商) to lenders，accepts credit cards．Attitudes towards credit cards have also changed a lot．People used to be
very careful of using their cards；but this is no longer the case. People today prefer to take out their cards as soon as they get to the cash counter．A swipe (刷卡) and a sign are all it takes，and you can walk home with the bill and all the things you buy．
The credit card is much easier to carry than cash and it is not at all surprising that the former becomes the most preferred way of payment．A credit card takes up very little space in our wallets，and yet，it holds the power of a large sum of cash．Paying by credit cards is also a good way of keeping bills on where all of our money goes．  
Moreover，it has become much easier to get credit cards these days．I constantly have cold callers calling up to offer me “great new credit card deals”．Salesmen occasionally walk into our office offering discounts if a group of people decide to sign up a certain kind of credit card plan at the same time．However，this can also cause a problem．Nowadays，we always run the
risk of getting some kinds of wastes．When the terms seem too good to be true，we should make sure that we always read the printed items carefully．Before signing for a creditcard，it is necessary to know its advantages and disadvantages．The only way to deal with this is to do our homework, before we go credit card hunting．   
小題1:We learn from Paragraph 1 that      ．   
A．people can use credit cards anytime，anywhere
B．people used to have to check up on credit cards
C．people are more careful using credit cards nowadays
D．people can take their goods home just by swiping their cards
小題2:One of the main advantages of credit cards is that   ．
A．they occupy less space compared with other modes of payment
B．they are more powerful than cash
C．they are easy to get，and save money
D．they help users keep track of what they spend on
小題3:When signing for a credit card，people should     .
A．a(chǎn)sk for a discount
B．understand the dangers
C．read every word of the contract carefully
D．understand that the salesman is most likely to offer false information
小題4:In the last sentence the writer tells us that      ．  
A．we should know the advantages and disadvantages of credit cards before using them
B．we should finish work before going shopping with a credit card
C．we should check which credit cards are accepted before using them
D．we should make sure that our credit cards are real before using them

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


The students in America usually begin high school at the age of 13 or 14. Some leave at the age of 16. But most finish the 4-year high school study. They do not get their first full-time work or begin college studies until they are 17 or 18 years old.
The high school day is about 7 hours long. Part of the day is made into classes of about 50 minutes long. The students have lunch in the middle of the day. American students study English, history, math, science, art and languages. Some also learn job skills. They can learn how to use a computer or how to mend a car. Other students may learn by working in an office, a hospital or other places one day a week.
Jean Wilton Anderson is 16 years old. She lives with her parents and two younger brothers in Bethesda, Maryland, near Washington D.C. Jean studies at Walt Whitman High School. There are about 1,500 students at the school. Most of them will go up to colleges.
Jean wakes up early every morning. She begins school at about 7:30. This is her third year of high school. Every day she takes classes to learn English, world history, physics and trigonometry（三角學）. She also has a class about different religions（宗教）.And she plays the violin in music class. School ends at about 2 o’clock in the afternoon. Yet, Jean stays 2 or more hours longer every day for sports. Jean arrives home at about 5 o’clock in the afternoon. She eats dinner. Then she starts her homework. Students in America have their way of talking. They use the word “l(fā)ike” all the time. Jean and her girlfriends wear blue jeans and shirts or sweaters every day. The boys at her school also wear blue jeans. But they like to wear blue jeans that are several sizes too large for them.
Like students of her age in most parts of the country, Jean begins to drive a car. She does not have her car. She must use the family’s car. Most of the students in high school have their own cars. Many of them drive their cars to school every day.
小題1: Which of the following is not true to the high school?
A．The school day usually lasts for 7 hours.
B．The students only have 6 subjects to learn.
C．Each class will last for 50 minutes.
D．The students can learn some skills out of the school.
小題2: Jean Wilton Anderson __________________.
A．has a four-people familyB．lives in the city of Washington
C．has studied in the high school for 3 yearsD．drives her own car at the age of 16
小題3: Which of the following is not true?
A．Students in high schools use the word “l(fā)ike” very often
B．The boy students wear blue jeans as the girls.
C．Many high school students go to school in their own cars.
D．Boy students wear jeans of larger size because they grow fast

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習冊答案