Question

【題目】閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

This week, Chinese and international pollution management professionals are gathering in Beijing for a series of events as part of a Pollution Management and Environmental Health Business Week 【1】 (host) by the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Beijing Environmental Protection to share their experience in air quality management. These events are particularly time as the cost from air pollution is becoming 【2】 (increase) apparent across the world, especially for low and middle-income countries.

Over the past five years, the Chinese government has been focusing on addressing PM2.5, 【3】 is the most 【4】 (criticize) pollutant for public health. In 2012, the government issued stricter standards for ambient PM2.5 concentration, which went into 【5】 (affect) in January 2016 and are comparable to standards 【6】 (define) by the World Health Organization. The thirteenth Five-Year Plan (2016-2020) has set 【7】 target of reducing PM2.5 concentration 【8】 18 percent. This is the first time PM2.5 targets 【9】 (include) in a five-year plan. China is establishing the most extensive air monitoring system in the world, 【10】 (cover) 338 cities nationwide.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】hosted

【2】increasingly

【3】which

【4】critical

【5】effect

【6】defined

【7】the

【8】by

【9】have been included

【10】covering

【解析】

【文章大意】本文介紹了中國(guó)和國(guó)際污染管理的專(zhuān)業(yè)人士聚集在北京分享他們?cè)诳諝赓|(zhì)量管理的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，并講述了近幾年中國(guó)致力于治理空氣中的污染物PM2.5的情況。

【1】hosted 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：作為由環(huán)保部和北京環(huán)保局共同舉辦的污染治理和環(huán)境保護(hù)周的一部分，host主辦和前面名詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填hosted。

【2】increasingly 考查副詞。本句符合：be+ adv. + adj.結(jié)構(gòu)，句意：治理空氣污染的成本越來(lái)越明顯，即副詞修飾形容詞，故填increasingly。

【3】which 考查定語(yǔ)從句。 句意：中國(guó)政府一直致力于處理PM2.5，這是對(duì)于公眾健康來(lái)說(shuō)最該受批評(píng)的污染物。根據(jù)逗號(hào)后面是從句，先行詞是PM2.5，從句中少主語(yǔ)，只能用which，意為：這，故填which。

【4】critical 考查形容詞。句意：這是對(duì)于公眾健康來(lái)說(shuō)最該受批評(píng)的污染物。根據(jù)形容詞修飾名詞，criticize＂批評(píng)＂為動(dòng)詞，其形容詞為：critical批評(píng)的，譴責(zé)的。故填critical。

【5】effect 考查名詞。句意：這于2016年開(kāi)始生效。go into effect為固定短語(yǔ)，意為＂(法律、決議等)被實(shí)施；生效＂，故填effect。

【6】defined 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：這可與世界衛(wèi)生組織界定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相媲美。根據(jù)句意和句中所少的成分，確定此空作定語(yǔ)，又因define與standards之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以要用過(guò)去分詞形式，故填defined。

【7】the 考查冠詞。句意：第十三個(gè)五年計(jì)劃已經(jīng)確立了要把PM 2.5降低18%的目標(biāo)，根據(jù)句意可知這里是特指，故填the。

【8】by 考查介詞。句意：第十三個(gè)五年計(jì)劃已經(jīng)確立了要把PM 2.5降低18%的目標(biāo)，表示降低的程度要用介詞by。故填by。

【9】have been included 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。固定句型：This is the first time...后面的從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，又因PM 2.5與include之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式，故填have been included

【10】covering 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。逗號(hào)前是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，因此此空應(yīng)該是非謂語(yǔ)，由句意＂中國(guó)已經(jīng)確立了在世界上最廣泛的檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)，涉及全國(guó)338個(gè)城市＂確定這里為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，要用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填covering。