Question

【題目】 When it comes to making healthy lifestyle changes, which should come first — changing your diet or becoming more physically active?

Previous studies suggested that providing people with too much information about nutrition and physical activity at once tends to be discouraging. That has led to the popularity of advising people to make changes gradually, and set smaller goals.

So the scientists divided 200 inactive participants who were age 45 or older into four groups. One group was instructed about making diet and fitness changes at the same time, the second group was taught about diet changes first, then fitness changes four months later, the third group changed their exercise habits first and made changes in their eating habits four months later, and the final, control group was not instructed about either diet or fitness changes but about how to manage their stress.

The researchers tracked the groups for a full year. Compared to the control group, the three intervention (干預(yù)) groups made healthy changes in their diet. Those who changed their fitness habits first significantly increased the amount of exercise they received daily compared to the other groups after four months. However, at the end of the year, the group that changed both diet and exercise at the same time was the only one that met the nationally recommended targets for both exercise and nutrition levels, while those who worked on improving their nutrition first were unable to meet the recommended levels of fitness after a year. The researchers suspect that changes to diet are easier to make than changes to physical activity.

The findings show, however, that pairing diet and exercise changes may help to overcome some of the barriers people face in adding more physical activity into their lives. If folks change diet and exercise orderly, the scientists say, they may end up placing more importance on the first set of behavior changes and feel less pressured to address the second set.

【1】The advice mentioned in the second paragraph seemed .

A.popularB.dangerousC.scientificD.unsatisfactory

【2】Which group made progress earlier than other groups in increasing the amount of daily exercise?

A.The first group.B.The second group.

C.The third group.D.The control group.

【3】The reason why those improving their nutrition first failed to meet the levels of fitness after a year might be that .

A.they might be very lazy

B.they wouldn’t like to change their behavior

C.it is much harder to change physical activity

D.they might put on weight before changing their physical activity

【4】Which of the following does the author probably approve of?

A.Pairing diet and exercise changes.

B.Becoming more physically active first.

C.Changing diet and exercise following a fixed order.

D.Changing diet first and placing more importance on it.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】C

【3】C

【4】A

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文。要想健康生活，是先節(jié)食還是先運(yùn)動呢？研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，兩者同時進(jìn)行好。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段Previous studies suggested that providing people with too much information about nutrition and physical activity at once tends to be discouraging. That has led to the popularity of advising people to make changes gradually, and set smaller goals.可知，以前的研究表明，同時向人們提供太多關(guān)于營養(yǎng)和體育活動的信息往往會令人沮喪。這導(dǎo)致了建議人們逐漸做出改變，設(shè)定小目標(biāo)的流行。由此可知，這些建議都有弊端，所以不能令人滿意。故選D。

【2】推理判斷題。由第四段中的Those that changed their fitness habits first significantly increased the amount of exercise they received daily compared to the other groups after four months.可知，與其他組相比，那些改變了健身習(xí)慣的人首先在四個月后每天的運(yùn)動量明顯增加。由此可知，這部分人在運(yùn)動方面最先取得進(jìn)步。這部分人對應(yīng)的是第三組（見第三段the third group changed their exercise habits first and made changes in their eating habits four months later）。故選C。

【3】推理判斷題。由第四段中的The researchers suspect that changes to diet are easier to make than changes to physical activity.可知，研究人員懷疑改變飲食比改變身體活動更容易。由此推知，一開始先進(jìn)行節(jié)食訓(xùn)練的小組一年后在運(yùn)動方面還不達(dá)標(biāo)，可能的原因是，運(yùn)動比節(jié)食改變起來更費(fèi)勁。其他選項妄加揣測。故選C。

【4】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由末段首句的pairing diet and exercise changes may help to overcome some of the barriers people face in adding more physical activity into their lives可知，將飲食和鍛煉相結(jié)合可能有助于克服人們在生活中增加體育活動時所面臨的一些障礙。由此可知，作者可能贊成飲食和鍛煉的搭配改變。故選A。