Microsoft ended support for Windows XP after April 8, which _______a major operating system for some Chinese computer users, and advised users to upgrade to Windows 8.1.
A. remained B. remains C. is remaining D. is remained
計算高手系列答案科目：高中英語 來源：2013-2014學(xué)年江蘇省高三高考壓軸英語試卷（解析版） 題型：單項填空
To ensure that children from poor areas can receive fair education, the government has planned to _______ more money to improve the miserable conditions of local schools.
A. announce B. allocate C. advocate D. accumulate
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013-2014學(xué)年江蘇省高三3月份模擬英語試卷（解析版） 題型：單項填空
Light-to-moderate smokers were ________ to die of sudden heart problems than those who had never smoked.
A. as twice likely B. twice more possible
C. twice more likely D. as twice possible
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013-2014學(xué)年江蘇省淮安市高三5月信息卷英語試卷（解析版） 題型：單項填空
—I’m afraid you missed a fantastic lecture yesterday. How come you were absent from it?
—If you _______ know, I asked for a day off and visited a relative of mine in hospital.
A. might B. may C. shall D. must
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013-2014學(xué)年江蘇省淮安市高三5月信息卷英語試卷（解析版） 題型：單項填空
—Tom, your foreign teacher speaks Chinese fluently!
—Oh, she has lived in China for six years, otherwise she _______ such good Chinese.
A. didn’t speak B. would not have spoken
C. would not speakD. hadn’t spoken
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013-2014學(xué)年江蘇省高三模擬考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
EVERYONE has those nights – you lie in your bed for hours, tossing and turning, totally unable to fall asleep. You wish you could just turn your brain off as if it were a light. That would make things much easier, wouldn’t it?
Now it looks like you are one step closer to this wild dream of yours – scientists from Oxford University, UK have just discovered the “switch” that tells the brain to go to sleep, reported Forbes.
To understand the study, you first need to know that there are two mechanisms (機能) that regulate sleep. There’s one that we’re already familiar with – our body clock, which works in a 24-hour cycle based on the light changes throughout the day.
The other one is what scientists call the sleep “homeostat (動態(tài)平衡系統(tǒng))”. This mechanism has nothing to do with daylight. Instead, it keeps track of the brain’s waking hours and urges it to rest if it has been awake for a long time. “It is similar to the thermostat (自動調(diào)溫器) in your home. A thermostat measures temperature and switches on the heating if it’s too cold,” Professor Gero Miesenb?ck, who led the study, told The Telegraph.
Our bodies use both of the mechanisms to regulate sleep. “The body clock says it’s the right time, and the sleep thermostat has built up pressure during a long waking day,” explained Miesenb?ck.
There is no way that scientists can trick the body clock. But with the sleep homeostat, there might be something they can do.
The researchers found that the sleep homeostat works by activating a specific group of nerve cells, or neurons, in the brain. They tested their theory on fruit flies by removing the neurons from the insects’ brains. And as expected, they found that the flies without the homeostat neurons did not keep a regular sleep pattern anymore.
Now that scientists have pinpointed (定位) the exact place in the brain – or, the “switch” – that regulates sleep, they can begin investigating (研究) how to activate these cells at any given time so that people can be sent to sleep instantly.
More importantly, figuring out how sleep mechanisms work may also help us to one day unravel one of the oldest mysteries of all: why do we need to sleep in the first place?
1.What is the article mainly about?
A. A new way to treat sleep disorders.
B. The discovery of the sleep “homeostat”.
C. Advice on what to do when you fail to fall asleep.
D. A comparison of the two mechanisms that regulate sleep.
2.How does the author explain the function of the sleep homeostat?
A. Through examples.
B. With comparisons.
C. Through cause and effect analysis.
D. By presenting research findings.
3.What can we conclude from the article?
A. Generally, the sleep homeostat has less effect on people during the day than at night.
B. There is little scientists can do to affect the way the sleep homeostat works.
C. What makes us go to sleep at night is probably a combination of the two mechanisms.
D. The more homeostat neurons there are in one’s brain, the more easily one can fall asleep.
4.The underlined word “unravel” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ______.
A. put up with B. figure out C. keep track of D. take notice of
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013-2014學(xué)年江蘇省高三模擬考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：單項填空
—Did any signs come up before the earthquake?
—Yes. Unusual things all those days. For example, a number of animals got out their homes.
A． happening B． were happening C． has happened D． had happened
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013-2014學(xué)年江蘇省高三4月階段測試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
In the 19th century, there used to be a model of how to be a good person. There are all these torrents of passion flowing through you. Your job, as captain of your soul, is to erect dams to keep these passions in check. Your job is to just say no to laziness, lust, greed, drug use and the other sins.
These days that model is out of fashion. You usually can’t change your behavior by simply resolving to do something. Knowing what to do is not the same as being able to do it. Your willpower is not like a dam that can block the torrent of self-indulgence. It's more like a muscle, which tires easily. Moreover, you're a social being. If everybody around you is overeating, you’ll probably do so, too.
The 19th-century character model was based on an understanding of free will. Today, we know that free will is bounded. People can change their lives, but ordering change is not simple because many things, even within ourselves, are beyond our direct control.
Much of our behavior, for example, is guided by unconscious habits. Researchers at Duke University calculated that more than 40 percent of the actions we take are governed by habit, not actual decisions. Researchers have also come to understand the structure of habits—cue, routine, reward.
You can change your own personal habits. If you leave running shorts on the floor at night, that'll be a cue to go running in the morning. Don’t try to ignore your afternoon snack craving. Every time you feel the cue for a snack, insert another routine. Take a walk.
Their research thus implies a different character model, which is supposed to manipulate the neural networks inside.
To be an effective person, under this model, yo
u are supposed to coolly examine your own unconscious habits, and the habits of those under your care. You are supposed to devise strategies to alter the cues and routines. Every relationship becomes slightly manipulative, including your relationship with yourself. You're trying to arouse certain responses by implanting certain cues.
This is a bit disturbing, because the important habitual neural networks are not formed by mere routine, nor can they be reversed by clever cues. They are burned in by emotion and strengthened by strong yearnings, like the yearnings for admiration and righteousness.
If you think you can change your life in a clever way, the way an advertiser can get you to buy an air freshener, you’re probably wrong. As the Victorians understood, if you want to change your life, don’t just look for a clever cue. Commit to some larger global belief.
1.Which of the following is the first-to-none element in the 19th-century character model?
A. Action. B. Capacity. C. Resolution.D. Enthusiasm.
2.The research at Duke University indicated that ________
A. One’s behavior is tough to change.
B. Habit has an unidentified structure.
C. Habit plays a vital role in one's behavior.
D. Both habit and will power are of significance.
3.According to the new character model, personal behavior could be altered through
A. techniques to break old routines.
B. techniques to provide different physical cues.
C. cues to change all the former unconscious habits.
D. cues to manipulate the habitual neural responses.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013-2014學(xué)年江蘇省高三模擬考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
This is my world now; it’s all I have left. You see, I’m old. And, I’m not as healthy as I used to be. I’m not necessarily happy with it, but I accept it. Occasionally, a member of my family will stop in to see me. He or she will bring me some flowers or a little present, maybe a set of slippers—I’ve got eight pairs. And then they will return to the outside world and I’ll be alone again. Oh, there are other people here in the nursing home. Residents, we’re called. The majority are about my age. I’m 84. Many are in wheelchairs. The lucky ones are passing through—a broken hip, a diseased heart, something has brought them here for rehabilitation(康復(fù)). When they’re well they’ll be going home.
The help here is basically pretty good, although there’s a large turnover of staff. Just when I get comfortable with someone he or she moves on to another job. I understand that. This is not the best job to have. I don’t much like some of the physical things that happen to us. I don’t care much for a diaper(尿布). I seem to have lost the control acquired so diligently as a child. The difference is that I’m aware and embarrassed, but I can’t do anything about it. I’ve had three children, and I know it isn’t pleasant to clean another’s diaper. My husband used to wear a gas mask when he changed the kids. I wish I had one now.
Why do you think the staff insists on talking baby talk when speaking to me? I understand English. I have a degree in music and am a certified teacher. Now I hear a lot of words that end in “y”. There is little need for anyone to position their face directly in front of mine and raise their voice with those “y” words. Sometimes it takes longer for a meaning to sink in; sometimes my mind wanders when I am bored. But there’s no need to shout.
I’d love to go out for a meal or travel again. I’d love to go to my own church, sing with my own choir. I’d love to visit my friends. Most of them are gone now or else they are in different “homes” of their children’s choosing. I’d love to play a good game of bridge, but no one here seems to concentrate very well. My children put me here for my own good. They said they would be able to visit me frequently. But they have their own lives to lead. That sounds normal. I don’t want to be a burden. They know that. But I would like to see them more. One of them is here in town. He visits as much as he can.
Something else I’ve learned to accept is loss of privacy. Quite often I’ll close my door when my roommate—imagine having a roommate at my age—is in the TV room. I do appreciate some time to myself and believe that I have earned at least that courtesy(禮貌). As I sit thinking or writing, one of the aides invariably opens the door unannounced and walks in as if I’m not there. Sometimes she even opens my drawers and begins searching around. Am I invisible? Have I lost my right to respect and dignity? I am still a human being. I would like to be treated as one.
Back to my semiprivate room for a little semi-privacy or a nap(午睡). I do need my beauty rest; company may come today. What is today, again? The afternoon drags into early evening. This used to be my favorite time of the day. Things would wind down. I would kick off my shoes. Put my feet up on the coffee table. Pop open a bottle of Chablis and enjoy the fruits of my day’s labor with my husband. He’s gone. So is my health. This is my world.
1.Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?
A. The staff at the nursing home mistreated the elderly people.
B. Nursing home workers sometimes stole items from her drawers.
C. Her children did not often visit because they felt guilty for having put her in the nursing home.
D. The staff used baby talk with her because they assumed her mind had aged as her body had.
2.The author concluded her essay with a tone of ________.
A. dignityB. sadnessC. disappointmentD. confusion
3.How will the author’s son most probably feel after he reads this essay?
A. Sympathetic.B. Regretful.C. Angry.D. Relieved.
4.The best title for the passage would be ________.
A. The Disadvantages of Growing Old
B. If Only I could be getting better
C. The Elderly: A Forgotten Generation
D. The Place That Changed My Life
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