浙江名校名師金卷系列答案科目：高中英語 來源：江西省蓮塘一中2009-2010學(xué)年度高二下學(xué)期期末終結(jié)性測試卷（英語） 題型：閱讀理解
E
People want to get ahead when they are working in office, but not everyone can reach the goal. Let’s read the passage and we believe you can understand something useful for your working in the office.
A is for always getting to work on time.
B is for being very busy.
C is for the conscientious (勤勤懇懇) way you do your job .
You may be all these kinds of people at the office, and even more. But when it comes to getting ahead, some experts say, the ABCs above are not enough, a P should be included, for P—politics, as in office politics.
Dale Carneigie suggested much about office politics(策略) more than 90 years ago: Hard work alone doesn’t ensure career advancement. You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, in spite of the obvious rewards of engaging in office politics, a better job, a raise, praise, but many people are still unable or unwilling to “play the game.”
“People think that office politics involves some manipulative (工于心計的) behavior, ” says Deborah Comer , an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University. “But politics comes from the word ‘polite’. It can also mean controlling and forming associations (交往). It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying to please your boss, and then expecting something in return.”
In fact, today, experts explain office politics as proper behavior used to go after one’s own self-interest in the workplace. In many cases, this involves some forms of socializing within the office environment—not just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well.
“The first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on their work,” says Neil P. Lewis, a management psychologist. “But if two or three candidates (候選人) are up for a position, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to choose the person he or she likes best to get ahead. It’s simple human nature.
Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. Some people, they say, have an idealistic vision of work and what it takes to succeed. Still others connect office politics with flattery (奉承) , fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors.
Experts suggested that office politics should be the need for some self-promotion (晉升).
72. The underlined “Office politics” in (Para 5) is used in the passage to refer to ______.
A. the habit of getting to work on time.
B. the political views and beliefs of office workers.
C. the interpersonal relationships within a company.
D. the various qualities required for a successful career.
73. Why are many people unwilling to “play the game ”(Para.6)?
A. They believe that doing so is not polite.
B. They feel that such behavior is unprincipled（不道德的.）
C. They do like the manipulating workmates.
D. They think the effort will get them nothing.
74. The author considers office politics to be _______.
unwelcome at the workplace.
bad for interpersonal relationships.
impossible to the development of company culture.
an important factor for personal advancement.
75. It is the experts’ view that _______.
A. speaking up for oneself is part of human nature.
B. office politics is necessary to self-advancement.
C. hard work is of little importance to one’s promotion.
D. all employees can recognize the need for flattery.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆重慶市三峽聯(lián)盟高三3月聯(lián)考英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
Earlier this year, the Environmental Protection Agency proposed a stricter nationwide health standard for smog-causing pollutants that would bring substantial benefits to millions of Americans. With a final rule expected by the end of this month, some opponents, mainly from industrial and oil-producing states, are pushing back. They say investments required to produce cleaner air are too expensive and not scientifically justified.
Lisa Jackson, the E.P.A. administrator, needs to stick to her guns. This is only the first of several political tests to come this fall, as she also seeks to tighten rules governing individual pollutants like mercury and global warming gases like carbon dioxide.
The health standard she is proposing covers ground-level ozone, commonly known as smog, which is formed when sunlight mixes with pollutants from factories, refineries, power plants and automobiles. Ozone is a major health threat, contributing to heart disease and various respiratory (呼吸道的) problems.
Ms. Jackson’s proposal—to reduce the permitted level of smog in the air from the current 75 parts per billion to between 60 parts per billion and 70 parts per billion—is sensible, no matter what industry’s defenders may claim. It had been recommended by the agency’s independent scientific panel but rejected by the Bush administration, which proposed a weaker standard.
Industry will have to make investments in cleaner power plants, and new technologies may be required. As it is, about half the counties that monitor ozone levels are not yet in compliance with current standards, let alone the proposed standard.
Fears about burdening industry raised by critics like George Voinovich, a Republican of Ohio, and Mary Landrieu, a Democrat of Louisiana, cannot be dismissed out of hand, especially in the middle of a recession (蕭條). But the health benefits, E.P.A. says, far outweigh the costs, and the time frame for compliance (服從) is generous.
【小題1】Why are some people strongly against a stricter limitation of smog-caused pollutants?
| A．Because they have to live a poorer life. |
| B．Because they think they have to spend more money. |
| C．Because they hold different political view. |
| D．Because they want to make more money. |
| A．To reduce the permitted smog level as much as possible. |
| B．To raise the permitted smog level as much as possible. |
| C．To keep the permitted smog level from 60 to 70 to 75 parts per billion. |
| D．To lower the permitted smog level from 75 to 60 to 70 parts per billion. |
| A．Objective. | B．Subjective. | C．Critical. | D．Unknown. |
| A．Cleaner power plant on the way. |
| B．Say no to smog pollutants. |
| C．Lower smog pollutant, better our life. |
| D．Debate on smog pollutants. |
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年云南省玉溪一中高二（6月）第二次月考英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：填空題
(共10分，每小題2分）從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。有兩項為多余選項。
College life can become a great struggle because students have to balance school, a social life, and sometimes a job as well. The following steps could help the grades of college students.
Go to class. Why did your parents pay for your tuition or why are your parents paying their taxes for financial aid? Even when you don't feel like attending class, just go. 【小題1】 Many classes have in-class assignments, pop quizzes, and case studies that only could be taken in class. If you are not there, you might lose points.
【小題2】 . College is all about multitasking. Planners can really help you to balance homework, due dates and tests. You should try to get your work done early, then you will have less stress.
Be business-like about your education. If you had a job, you would have to go to your job at 9 a.m and stay there until 5 p.m. 【小題3】 If you did the same thing in college, you would be great. Go to class, go to the library, study seriously, at 5 p.m put away the books and go home. Once in a while you might have to work late, just like at a real job.
【小題4】 .Everyone studies in different ways. Some can study with a lot of noise and others want silence. Some can't even study with music on and some need dead silence. Some like the library and some like to study with friends, or even outside.
【小題5】 . Some students start better than they finish. They do that in order to give themselves room to slack near the end of the semester, which can be a mistake. Push yourself to do your best on every assignment. Stay on top of your game and don't lose focus.
| A． Stay organized. |
| B．Maintain 100% effort throughout the semester. |
| C．You might get participation points, and the professor will also get to know you better. |
| D． The rest of the day would be your own time. |
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科目：高中英語 來源：2014屆遼寧大連育明高級中學(xué)高三上期第一次驗收考試英語卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
A is for always getting to work on time.
B is for being extremely busy.
C is for the conscientious（勤勤懇懇的） way you do your job.
You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes to getting ahead, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics.
Dale Carnegie suggested as much more than 50 years ago: Hard work alone doesn’t ensure career advancement. You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politics—a better job, a raise, praise—many people are still unable or unwilling—to “play the game”.
“People assume that office politics involves some manipulative（工于心計的） behavior,” says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University, “But politics derives from the word ‘polite’. It can mean lobbying（游說）and forming associations. It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying to please your superior, and then expecting something in return.”
In fact, today, experts define office politics as proper behaviors used to pursue one’s own self-interest in the workplace. In many cases, this involves some forms of socializing within the office environment—not just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well.
“The first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on a consistent basis,” says Neil P.Lewis, a management psychologist. “But if two or three candidates are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. It’ s simple human nature.”
Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. Some people, they say, have an idealistic vision of work and what it takes to succeed. Still others associate politics with flattery(奉承), fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors.
Experts suggest altering（改變） this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self-promotion.
1.“Office politics” （Line 2,Para.4） is used in the passage to refer to____.
A. the political views and beliefs of office workers
B. the interpersonal relationships within a company
C. the various qualities required for a successful career
D. the code of behavior for company staff
2.Why are many people unwilling to "play the game" (Line 4, Para. 5) ?
A. They believe that doing so is impractical.
B. They feel that such behavior is unprincipled(不道德的).
C. They are not good at manipulating colleagues.
D. They think the effort will get them nowhere.
3.To get promoted, one must not only be competent but____.
A. avoid being too outstanding
B. get along well with his colleagues
C. honest and loyal to his company
D. give his boss a good impression
4.It is the author’ s view that____.
A. self-promotion does not necessarily mean flattery
B. hard work contributes very little to one’ s promotion
C. many employees fail to recognize the need of flattery
D. speaking up for oneself is part of human nature
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年重慶市三峽聯(lián)盟高三3月聯(lián)考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
Earlier this year, the Environmental Protection Agency proposed a stricter nationwide health standard for smog-causing pollutants that would bring substantial benefits to millions of Americans. With a final rule expected by the end of this month, some opponents, mainly from industrial and oil-producing states, are pushing back. They say investments required to produce cleaner air are too expensive and not scientifically justified.
Lisa Jackson, the E.P.A. administrator, needs to stick to her guns. This is only the first of several political tests to come this fall, as she also seeks to tighten rules governing individual pollutants like mercury and global warming gases like carbon dioxide.
The health standard she is proposing covers ground-level ozone, commonly known as smog, which is formed when sunlight mixes with pollutants from factories, refineries, power plants and automobiles. Ozone is a major health threat, contributing to heart disease and various respiratory (呼吸道的) problems.
Ms. Jackson’s proposal—to reduce the permitted level of smog in the air from the current 75 parts per billion to between 60 parts per billion and 70 parts per billion—is sensible, no matter what industry’s defenders may claim. It had been recommended by the agency’s independent scientific panel but rejected by the Bush administration, which proposed a weaker standard.
Industry will have to make investments in cleaner power plants, and new technologies may be required. As it is, about half the counties that monitor ozone levels are not yet in compliance with current standards, let alone the proposed standard.
Fears about burdening industry raised by critics like George Voinovich, a Republican of Ohio, and Mary Landrieu, a Democrat of Louisiana, cannot be dismissed out of hand, especially in the middle of a recession (蕭條). But the health benefits, E.P.A. says, far outweigh the costs, and the time frame for compliance (服從) is generous.
1.Why are some people strongly against a stricter limitation of smog-caused pollutants?
A．Because they have to live a poorer life.
B．Because they think they have to spend more money.
C．Because they hold different political view.
D．Because they want to make more money.
2. What does Ms Jackson propose to do?
A．To reduce the permitted smog level as much as possible.
B．To raise the permitted smog level as much as possible.
C．To keep the permitted smog level from 60 to 70 to 75 parts per billion.
D．To lower the permitted smog level from 75 to 60 to 70 parts per billion.
3.What is the attitude of the author to the smog-controlling issue?
A．Objective. B．Subjective. C．Critical. D．Unknown.
4.Which of the following can serve as the best title of the whole passage?
A．Cleaner power plant on the way.
B．Say no to smog pollutants.
C．Lower smog pollutant, better our life.
D．Debate on smog pollutants.
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