15．When an ant dies，other ants take it out of the nest，often within an hour after its death．This behavior interests scientists and they wonder how ants know for sure-and so soon-that another ant is dead．
One scientist recently came up with a way to explain this ant behaviour．Dong-Hwan Choe is a biologist，a scientist who studies animals and plants．He found that ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants，"I'm dead-take me away"when it is dead．
But there's a question to answer：As we know，if an ant is dead，it stops moving．But when an ant is sleeping or knocked unconscious，it is also not moving．However，other ants don't move the living ant out of the nest．How do they know this ant is not dead？Choe found that ants have another chemical on their bodies，which tells nearby ants something like，"Wait-I'm not dead yet"when it is not dead．Choe suspects that when an ant dies，the chemical that says，"Wait I'm not dead yet"quickly goes away．When other ants detect the"dead"chemical without the"not dead yet"chemical，they move away the body．
To test his theory，Choe and his team put different chemicals on ants．When the scientists used the"I'm dead"chemical，other ants quickly moved the treated ant away．When the scientists used the"Wait-I'm not dead yet"chemical，other ants left the treated ant alone．Choe believes this behavior shows that the"not dead yet"chemical overrides the"dead"chemical when picked up by other ants．And that when an ant dies，the"not dead yet"chemical fades away．Other nearby ants then detect the remaining"dead"chemical and remove the body from the nest．
 Understanding this behavior can help scientists figure out how to stop ants from invading new places and causing problems．
57．What is the function of the first paragraph？C
A．Leading the following paragraphs．
B．Showing the main idea of the passage．
C．Introducing the background of the passage．
D．Giving a summary of the passage．
58．Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word"overrides"in the fourth paragraph？B
A．is weaker than        B．is stronger than    C．is better than    D．is worse than
59．What can we learn from the passage？B
A．Living ants can also be taken away when they are not moving．
B．When an ant dies，it can tell others using a certain chemical．
C．A living ant can pretend to be dead using a special chemical．
D．Ants often use chemicals to communicate with each other．
60．Which of the following descriptions about Dong-Hwan Choe is right？C
A．Choe did this study in order to stop ants from invading new places．
B．Choe is a biologist who is only interested in animals，especially in ants．
C．Choe first came up with an idea to explain this ant behavior，and then did some tests to prove his theory．
D．Choe did the research on this ant behavior on his own．

分析 本文講述了生物學家發(fā)現(xiàn)螞蟻身體外部有一種化學物質能向其它螞蟻發(fā)送信號，告訴它們自己已經(jīng)死了．

解答 57．C  推斷題  第一段介紹了螞蟻能夠識別死去的同類的背景，接著文章介紹了科學家對這個問題的推理和實驗，所以第一段的作用是背景介紹．文章后面并非圍繞第一段展開的，因此第一段的作用不是統(tǒng)領全文，所以A項錯誤．文章的主要觀點在第二段被提出，所以B項錯誤．第一段中沒有總結性的語句，所以D項錯誤．故正確答案為C．
58．B 詞義猜測題 由上文可知，當科學家在螞蟻身上使用代表"等等，我還沒死"的化學物質時，其它螞蟻沒有把它搬走，這表示其它螞蟻認為這些螞蟻還沒死．所以，科學家認為這種化學物質的效果比代表"死了"的化學物質效果強時，螞蟻就認為同類沒有死．override 意義大致與"在數(shù)量或程度上超過，強于"接近．故正確答案為B．
59．B 推斷題  根據(jù)第二段第三句 …ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants，"I'm dead-take me away"when it is dead．可知B項正確；A項，根據(jù)第三段第三句 However，other ants don't move the living ant out of the nest．可知A項錯誤；C項，文中提到科學家為了試驗，將特定的化學物質用到 the treated ant 身上，沒有提及螞蟻自己會假裝死亡，所以C項錯誤；D項，文中沒有提及．
故正確答案為B．
60．C 細節(jié)題  Choe 先提出自己的假設，然后通過實驗驗證他的假設，所以C項正確．A項，Choe 做實驗并非為了 stop ants from invading new places，雖然文章最后一段提到了"Understanding this behavior can help scientists figure out how to stop ants from invading new places and causing problems．"但是這是實驗的意義而非目的，屬于偷換概念，故A項錯誤．B項，由第二段第二句"Dong-Hwan Choe is a biologist，a scientist who studies animals and plants．"可知B項錯誤．D項，由第四段第一句中的"Choe and his team put different chemicals on ants．"可知D項錯誤．故正確答案為C．

點評 閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關系，對未說明的趨勢或結局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋．考生首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點．

練習冊系列答案
相關習題

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：選擇題

5．He is easy to satisfy．Even a small success will give him a sense of ________．（　�。�
A．responsibilityB．achievementC．humorD．direction

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：信息匹配

6．A．Analyze visual information．
B．Have a good concentration skill．
C．Do a good workout．
D．Keep a good memory．
E．Use logic and reasoning skills．
F．Build up language skills．

Many men are devoted to exercise to build up their bodies，but the phrase"use it or lose it"applies to more than just the muscle in our bodies-it also applies to our brains．Here are 5tips that can help our brains stay sharp．
（76）D
It plays an important role in all cognitive activities，including reading，reasoning and mental calculation．There are several types of its work in the brain．Taken together，these are the cognitive skills we may notice most when they begin to fail．To keep a good memory，you need to train for it，which can be easier than you think．Listening to music is enjoyable．By choosing a song you don't know and memorizing the lyrics，you improve your memory skills．
（77）B
It is necessary in nearly all daily tasks and it enables you to focus despite noise and to think about several things at once．We can improve the skill by simply changing our routines．Change your course to work or reorganize your desk-both will force your brain to wake up and pay attention again．
（78）F
It will increase your ability to recognize，remember and understand words．With regular practice，you can expand your knowledge of new words and more easily think of words to say because they will come to you more naturally．For example，if you usually only read the sports section，try reading a few business articles．You'll learn new words，and by using them you can also exercise your brain．
（79）A
You can also exercise your brain by taking advantage of your environment．Try walking into a room and picking out five items and their locations．When you exit the room，try to remember all five items and where they are located．Too easy？Wait two hours and try to remember those items and their locations．Analyzing what you saw will force you to use your memory and train your brain to focus on your surroundings．
（80）E
It helps you make decisions，build up hypotheses and consider the possible consequences of your actions．Activities in which you must define a strategy to reach a desired outcome and calculate the right moves to reach the solution in the shortest possible time are actually fun activities you can do daily．For example，playing video games requires you to come up with a strategy so as to advance to the next level．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

3．The iPhone，the iPad，each of Apple's products sounds cool and has become a fashion．Apple has cleverly taken advantage of the power of the letter"i"-and many other brands are following suit．The BBC's iPlayer-which allows Web users to watch TV programs on the Internet-adopted the title in 2008．A lovely bear-popular in the US and UK-that plays music and video is called"iTeddy"．A slimmed-down version of London's Independent newspaper was launched last week under the name"i"．
In general，single-letter prefixes have been popular since the 1990s，when terms such as e-mail and e-commerce first came into use．
Most"i"products are targeted at young people and considering the major readers of Independent's"i"，it's no surprise that they've selected this fashionable name．
But it's hard to see what's so special about the letter"i"．Why not use"a"，"b"，or"c"instead？According to Tony Thorne，head of the Language Center at King's College，London，"i"works because its meaning has become ambiguous．When Apple uses"i"，no one knows whether it means Internet，information，individual or interactive，Thorne told BBC Magazines．"Even when Apple created the iPod，it seems it didn't have one clear definition，"he says．
"However，thanks to Apple，the term is now associated with portability （輕便）．"adds Thorne．
Clearly the letter"i"also agrees with the idea that the Western World is centered on the individual．Each person believes they have their own needs，and we love personalized products for this reason．
Along with"Google"and"blog"，readers of BBC Magazines voted"i"as one of the top 20 words that have come to define the last decade．
But as history shows，people grow tired of fads（一時的狂熱）．From the 1900s to 1990s，products with"2000"in their names became fashionable as the year was associated with all things advanced and modern．However，as we entered the new century，the trend eventually disappeared．
72．People use iPlayer toC．
A．listen to music                           
B．make a call
C．watch TV programs online                  
D．play computer games
73．We can infer that the Independent's"i"is aimed atB．
A．fashionable women      B．young readers       C．old readers      D．engineers
74．Nowadays，the"i"term often reminds people of the products which areD．
A．environmentally friendly  B．a(chǎn)dvanced     C．recyclable   D．portable   
75．The writer suggests thatA．
A．the popularity of"i"products may not last long
B．"i"products are often of high quality
C．iTeddy is a live bear popular in the US and UK
D．the letter"b"replaces letter"i"to name the products．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

10．Annual holidays have become a luxury and are no longer a staple of family life，according to government research．
A getaway of a week or more is no longer considered essential by many families and is often beyond their reach，said the analysis of what parents and children say they really need．Fashionable clothes for the children，expensive birthday parties and lots of toys are also on the list of luxuries families don't have to have．Instead，recession-hit parents are thinking of the future，and the things they want for their children centre around learning to behave properly，good education and good health．
Their picture of what a family ought to have includes a space to eat together away from the television，plenty of fruit and vegetables，and bicycles so children can get exercise．
The breakdown of necessities and luxuries was prepared by researchers from the Department for Work and Pensions（DWP） who were trying to establish an up-to-date picture of what parents say they really need．
Their findings show how families have scaled down their expectations in the face of economic difficulties-how parents are now concentrating their attention and money firmly on the long-term interests of their children．Many believe that while it is vital for a family to do things together，day trips or weekend breaks are enough．
Spending on furniture or decorating the house was also considered luxurious，unless the state of the home was so bad it became difficult to invite visitors in．
Instead，researchers said：A family home should have an area where the family can eat together，not on their laps in front of a television．Families should be able to go on outings，overnight trips and possibly short holiday：the fact of being able to share these experiences is more important than the precise activity and its cost．
71．It can be inferred thatD．
A．a(chǎn) week or more holiday is considered beyond many families'reach
B．children hardly ever need fashionable clothes and lots of toys
C．what a family should have is basic things that they must have
D．a(chǎn)nnual holidays were once considered necessary and vital
72．In the opinion of most parents，B．
A．families can watch TV together in order to keep up their relationship
B．day trips or weekend breaks are enough for families to share experiences
C．their expectations should be increased in the face of economic difficulties
D．a(chǎn) week's holiday is an essential minimum during the financial crisis
73．Which of the following is TRUE of the researchers from the DWP？C
A．They confirm many families still need at least a week away on holiday each year．
B．They learn it is insignificant for a family to do things with each other regularly．
C．They want to know what parents really need in the face of economic difficulties．
D．They found spending on furniture or decorating the house was thought valuable．
74．We can conclude from the last paragraphA．
A．being able to share experiences is important for families
B．a(chǎn) family needs at least a week away on holiday each year
C．a(chǎn) family home should have a comfortable area to watch TV
D．going on outings and overnight trips is wasting time for families
75．What does the author mainly discuss in the text？B
A．Cycling is very important for children's health．
B．Family holidays once a year have become a luxury．
C．It is vital for parents to eat together with children．
D．Parents are concerned with children's future．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

20．Jack lay quiet and unmoving，for thirty minutes while a stranger repeatedly stabbed（刺）him  with sharp needles，causing blood to pour steadily out of his leg．Jack was getting a tattoo．His friend Tony had recently gotten a tattoo，and Jack was so impressed by it that he decided to get one too．Peer pressure，media influence．a(chǎn)nd personal expression are some of the common reasons for wearing tattoos today．
The desire to be accepted by one's friends or peers can have a great influence on what a person does．Sometimes wearing a tattoo can be sign that you belong to a certain group．Gangs often use special clothes and tattoos to identify their particular group．Some of these groups wear only brand-name clothes．Others wear tattoos．When a person's friends are all doing something，that person is more likely to do the same thing．
The media is another big influence behind the popularity of tattoos in North America．A wide variety of media images （人物，圖象）show tattoo-people appearing in commercials selling expensive cars，famous sports heroes with tattoos in magazine，fashion models wearing designer cloths that show their bodies tattooed with detailed and colorful patterns．These media images link tattoos to ideas of wealth，success，and status．As a result，many people decide to get a tattoo fir its fashion and status value．
Many people decide to wear tattoos in order to express their artistic nature，their beliefs，or their feelings-in other words，to show their individuality（個性）．A musician in a rock band may get a tattoo of a guitar on the arm．Some environmentalists may tattoo pictures of endangered animals on their shoulders．A tattoo can be a public sign to show what is important in a person's life．
As you can see，there are many reasons why young North American get tattoos．A tattoo can be part of a group's uniform，a sign of fashion or an expression of individuality．The decision to get a tattoo is most often a result of the influence of friends or media or the desire to express oneself．For Jack，it was a mixture of all three．

66．Jack has got tattoos in order toD．
A．show his great bravery      B．gain a special experience
C．make himself more healthy   D．be different from others
67．According to the passage，media image are linked toB．
A．traditional life style    B．social position
C．cultural background       D．public interest
68．We can infer from the passage thatA．
A．some people get tattoos out of pressure
B．tattoo is related to religious belief
C．getting tattoos costs a lot of money
D．most people with tattoos are artist
69．What is the best title of the text？C
A．Peer pressure，media influence，and personal expression
B．The advantages of getting tattoos
C．Why people getting tattoos
D．The popularity of tattoos
70．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage？D
CP：Central Point P：Point  Sp：Sub-point（次要點）  C：Conclusion

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

7．The world of the science-fiction 3-D film Avatar is so perfect that the line between fact and fiction has become somewhat blurred （模糊）．
Movie-goers have admitted being annoyed by depression at not being able to visit the planet Pandora．Set in the future when Earth's resources have been used up，director James Cameron's film tells the story of a company trying to exploit a rare mineral on a new planet．The humans clash with the natives-a peace-loving race of 7-foot-tall，blue-skinned creatures called the Na'vi，who exist in perfect harmony with nature．
Fans have flooded the Internet with their confused feelings．On the site Avatar Forums （論壇），the topic"Ways to deal with the depression of the dream of Pandora not being able to come true"has more than 1，000posts．In a similar forum，Louis，one user，wrote："When I woke up this morning after watching Avatar for the first time yesterday，the world seemed grey．It just seems so meaningless．I still don't really see any reason to keep doing things at all．I live in a dying world．"On the Avatar site Naviblue，a fan calling himself Jorba has even asked others to join him in starting a real Na'vi tribe．
This fantasy world，with its wonderful plants and animal life，is brought to life by using impressive special effects．Many people believe that 2010is the breakthrough year for the technology helped by 3-D movies such as Avatar．"It has taken the best of our technology to create this  virtual world and real life will never be as perfect as it seems on screen．It makes real life seem more imperfect．"

66．What is the best title of the text？B
A．A blockbuster movie：Avatar
B．The Avatar effect：movie-goers feel depressed after watching Avatar
C.2010：a breakthrough year for.3-D movies
D．Pandora：a perfect world
67．We can infer that LouisB after watching the film Avatar．
A．will cherish his present life more
B．feels disappointed about the real world
C．will intend to create a real Na'vi tribe
D．is proud of living on the earth
68．Thanks to the success of Av'atar，A．
A.3-D technology will probably develop quickly in 2010
B．most people look forward to living on another planet
C．many more science-fiction films will be made in the coming years
D．people have become more realistic about life
69．The underlined word"virtual"probably meansA．
A．unreal      B．perfect 
C．true        D．practical
70．According to the passage the natives on the planet areC．
A．not harmony with the nature
B．blue-haired race
C．peace-loving creatures
D．fond of fighting with human race．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

4．Stop wasting you time thinking of reasons for your failures and shortcomings．Instead，realize that the seeds of success were planted within you when you were born．Only you have the power to make those seeds grow．
The seeds，and the power to grow them，are contained in the human mind．Success is a choice and not a chance．You can be a success only if you make the right choice．
You cannot be successful without first developing you self-esteem（自尊）．Your level of self-esteem is always based on the degree of control that you are able to exercise over yourself，and thus over you life．People with low self-esteem do not believe that they have any power，or responsibility for their lives．They are leaves tossed（搖擺）by the winds of chance blown about with any sudden change in the weather．
You can exercise control over your life only to the degree that you believe that you are responsible for whatever happens in your life．Failures think that everything happens by accident while successful people realize that they are responsible．
Everything happens as a result of something．If we can identify the cause，we can control the effect．We are responsible for what we consciously choose to accept and believe．
Thoughts and beliefs cause everything．Our attitudes and actions are a result of habits existing in us over a period of time．One generally rises to the level that one expects．We are responsible for setting our expectations．Our success depends upon our level of confidence．We are responsible for either forming good habits or kicking bad habits．
If you associate with positive-thinking people，you are definitely going to achieve success．On the contrary，the opposite happens．We are responsible for finding，planting，and nurturing（培育）the seeds that contain future victory，born from setbacks．
In short，in all areas of your life，whether they are financial，physical，emotional，or spiritual，you are responsible．Once you recognize this，accept it，and firmly believe it，you are on the road to success．

59．People with low self-esteem are compared to leaves because theyD．
A．a(chǎn)re ready to change their minds
B．a(chǎn)re easily affected by windy weather
C．don't have the power to face their fate
D．can't exercise control over themselves
60．It can be inferred from Paragraph 5thatA
A．whether we will succeed depends on our attitudes
B．developing confidence is the key to future success
C．thoughts and beliefs are the result of creative mind
D．setting our expectations is essential before taking action
61．The last paragraph serves asB．
A．the proof of the author's points
B．the conclusion of the argument
C．a(chǎn)n introduction to another topic
D．a(chǎn) comparison between two views
62．Which is the best title for the text？A
A．Success is a choice
B．The secrets of success
C．Develop our confidence
D．How to achieve success．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：填空題

5．Shescanned（瀏覽，掃描）the computer screen carefully hoping to find some new emails in her mailbox．

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習冊答案