Question

【題目】 The bad health effects of sleep loss during the week can’t be repaid by longer weekend sleep, according to a new study.

Researchers have long known that sleep deprivation (剝奪) can cause weight gain and increase other health risks. But for those who force themselves out of bed every weekday after too few hours of shut eye, they hope turning off the alarm on Saturday and Sunday will repay the weekly sleep debt and remove any ill effects.

The research, published in Current Biology, crushes those hopes. Despite complete freedom to sleep during a weekend recovery period, people in a sleep lab who were limited to five hours of sleep on weekdays gained nearly three pounds over two weeks and experienced disorders that would increase their risk for diabetes over the long term. While weekend recovery sleep had some benefits after a single week of sleep loss, those gains were wiped out when people fell right back into their same sleep deprived schedule the next Monday.

'If there are benefits of catch-up sleep, they're gone when you go back to your daily schedule. It's very short lived', said Kenneth Wright, director of the sleep and chronobiology lab at the University of Colorado at Boulder. 'These health effects are long term. It's kind of like smoking once was-people would smoke and wouldn't see an immediate effect on their health, but people will say now that smoking is not a healthy lifestyle choice. I think sleep is in the early stage of where smoking used to be.'

Wright said that the study suggests people should put sleep in the first place cutting out the 'sleep stealers' such as watching television shows or spending time on their phones. Even when people don't have a choice about losing sleep because of child-care responsibilities or job schedules, they should think about getting sleep in the same way they would get a healthy diet or exercise.

【1】What does the underlined word 'rushes' mean?

A.Ruins.B.Guarantees.

C.Deepens.D.Arouses.

【2】What will Kenneth Wright agree with?

A.Smoking is more harmful than sleep loss.

B.Weekend recovery sleep has many benefits.

C.Smoking and sleep loss have the same bad effects.

D.It takes long for people to see the effects of sleep loss.

【3】What does Kenneth Wright advise people to do?

A.Take regular exercise every day.

B.Reduce the screen time before sleep.

C.Watch some TV shows before bedtime.

D.Sleep as long as possible during weekdays.

【4】What is the main purpose of this passage?

A.To share some unhappy experiences.B.To show some unknown facts.

C.To promote a healthy lifestyle.D.To introduce a new study.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】D

【3】B

【4】D

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究，該研究認(rèn)為一周睡眠缺失所帶來的不良影響不能通過周末更長(zhǎng)的睡眠來償還。

【1】

詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段的they hope turning off the alarm on Saturday and Sunday will repay the weekly sleep debt and remove any ill effects.(他們希望在周六和周日關(guān)掉鬧鐘來償還一周的睡眠債，消除任何不良影響)和The research, published in Current Biology, crushes those hopes. Despite complete freedom to sleep during a weekend recovery period, people in a sleep lab who were limited to five hours of sleep on weekdays gained nearly three pounds over two weeks and experienced disorders that would increase their risk for diabetes over the long term.(這項(xiàng)發(fā)表在《當(dāng)代生物學(xué)》上的研究crushes這些希望。盡管在周末的恢復(fù)期可以完全自由睡覺，但在睡眠實(shí)驗(yàn)室里，那些在工作日只能睡5個(gè)小時(shí)的人在兩周內(nèi)體重增加了近3磅，并經(jīng)歷了長(zhǎng)期的失調(diào)，這將增加他們患糖尿病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn))可知，他們想通過周末增加睡眠來消除平時(shí)睡眠不足的希望可能不會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。由此推測(cè)劃線部分的意思是“摧毀”。A. Ruins.(摧毀)符合以上說法，故選A項(xiàng)。

【2】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的These health effects are long term. It's kind of like smoking once was-people would smoke and wouldn't see an immediate effect on their health, (這些對(duì)健康的影響是長(zhǎng)期的。這有點(diǎn)像過去吸煙，人們吸煙不會(huì)立即看到對(duì)健康的影響)可知，Kenneth Wright 認(rèn)為睡眠不足對(duì)人健康的影響要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能看到，就像吸煙對(duì)健康的影響一樣。D. It takes long for people to see the effects of sleep loss.(對(duì)于人們來說要花很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能看到睡眠不足的影響)符合以上說法，故選D項(xiàng)。

【3】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第一段的Wright said that the study suggests people should put sleep in the first place cutting out the 'sleep stealers' such as watching television shows or spending time on their phones. (Wright說這項(xiàng)研究建議人們應(yīng)該把睡覺放在首位，杜絕看電視節(jié)目或玩手機(jī)等“偷睡眠的行為�！�)可知，Wright建議人們減少睡眠前看電視或手機(jī)的時(shí)間。B. Reduce the screen time before sleep.(減少睡眠前的屏幕時(shí)間)符合以上說法，故選B項(xiàng)。

【4】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其是第一段的The bad health effects of sleep loss during the week can't be repaid by longer weekend sleep, according to a new study.(根據(jù)一項(xiàng)新的研究，一周睡眠缺失所帶來的不良影響不能通過更長(zhǎng)的睡眠來償還)可知，本文的主要目的是介紹一項(xiàng)新的研究，該研究認(rèn)為一周睡眠缺失所帶來的不良影響不能通過周末更長(zhǎng)的睡眠來償還。D. To introduce a new study.(為了介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究)符合以上說法，故選D項(xiàng)。