【題目】語法填空

閱讀下列短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，或者用括號(hào)中所給詞語的正確形式填空。答案寫在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置

Americans use many expressions with the word dog. People in the United States love their dogs and treat 【1】 well. They take their dogs for walks, let them play outside 【2】give them good food and medical care. On the contrary, dogs 【3】 owners to care for them lead a rather difficult way of life. The expression “l(fā)ead a dog’s life”, 【4】 (describe) a person who has an unhappy existence.

Some say we live in a dog-eat-dog world, 【5】 means many people are competing for the same things, like good jobs. They say that to be successful, 【6】person has to work like a dog. This means they have to work very, very hard. Such hard work can make people dog-tired. And, the situation would be even 【7】 (bad) if they became sick like a dog.

Husbands and wives use this doghouse term 【8】they are angry at each other. For example, a woman might be angry at her husband coming home late or 【9】 (forget) their wedding anniversary. She might tell him that he is in the doghouse. She may not treat him 【10】(nice) until he apologizes.

【答案】

【1】them

【2】and.

【3】without

【4】describes

【5】which

【6】a

【7】worse

【8】when/if

【9】forgetting

【10】nicely

【解析】

試題分析：本文屬于說明文，介紹了英語中一些與dog有關(guān)的短語及其使用范例。

【1】them 考查代詞。代詞them通常指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，本句中them指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞dogs。句意：美國(guó)人很喜歡他們的狗，對(duì)他們自己的狗也非常好。

【2】and. 考查連詞。本句中三個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞短語take their dogs、let them play outside和give them good food and medical care之間是并列關(guān)系，所以使用并列連詞and連接。

【3】without 考查上下文串聯(lián)。根據(jù)第二句內(nèi)容可知有主人的狗生活得很好，本句謂語部分“l(fā)ead a rather difficult way of life過著困難的生活”，可知這些沒有主人的狗的生活很艱難。所以使用表示否定意義的介詞“without”。

【4】describes 考查主謂一致。本句的主語是單數(shù)名詞the expression，所以謂語動(dòng)詞要使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式describes。

【5】which 考查定語從句。本題定語從句的先行詞是“we live in a dog-eat-dog world”這句話的內(nèi)容，關(guān)系代詞which指代先行詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，并在句中作主語。

【6】a 考查冠詞用法。在英語中不定冠詞a/an表示泛指，所以本句中a person指“一個(gè)人”。

【7】worse 考查比較級(jí)形式。本句中分詞even通常修飾比較級(jí)形式，意為“更加”。句意：如果他們像狗一樣生病了，情況會(huì)更加糟糕的。

【8】when/if 考查連詞。句意：如果夫妻相互生氣/當(dāng)夫妻生氣的時(shí)候，他們就會(huì)使用“doghouse”。根據(jù)句意可知使用when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，或if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。

【9】forgetting 考查動(dòng)名詞短語。本句中介詞at的后面連接兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)做賓語，her husband coming home late與forgetting their wedding anniversary屬于并列介詞，都要使用動(dòng)名詞的形式做at的賓語。

【10】nicely 考查副詞。在英語中副詞通常做狀語修飾形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞，而形容詞通常做定語或表語。所以本句中使用副詞nicely在句中做狀語修飾謂語動(dòng)詞treat him。

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