16.We all enjoy the colors of autumn leaves.The changing fall leaves never fail to surprise us.Did you ever wonder how and why a fall leaf changes color?Where do the yellows and oranges come from?To answer those questions,we first have to understand what leaves are and what they do.
Leaves are nature's food factories.Plants take water from the ground through their roots.They take a gas called carbon dioxide from the air.Plants use sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and glucose(葡萄糖).Oxygen is a gas in the air that we need to breathe.Glucose is a kind of sugar.Plants use glucose as food for energy and as a building block for growing.The way plants turn water and carbon dioxide into sugar is called photosynthesis(光合作用).A chemical called chlorophyll (葉綠素)helps make photosynthesis happen.Chlorophyll is what gives plants their green color.
As summer ends and autumn comes,the days get shorter and shorter.This is how the trees"know"to begin getting ready for winter.
During winter,there is not enough light or water for photosynthesis.The trees will rest,and live on the food they stored during summer.They begin to shut down their food-making factories.The green chlorophyll disappears from the leaves.As the bright green dies away,we begin to see yellow and orange colors.Small amounts of these colors have been in the leaves all along.We just can't see them in summer,because they are covered up by the green chlorophyll.
The bright reds and purples we see in leaves are made mostly in the fall.In some trees,like maples,glucose is trapped in the leaves after photosynthesis stops.Sunlight and the cool nights of autumn cause the leaves to turn this glucose into a red color.The brown color of trees like oaks is made from wastes left in the leaves.
36.The writer asked some questions in the beginning in order toD.
A.persuade readers to believe something
B.offer something to think over
C.get the readers excited
D.introduce the topic of the passage
37.Which of the following is TRUE about photosynthesis?B
A.Oxygen and water are produced by plants.
B.Glucose provides energy and food for plants to grow.
C.Sunlight is turned into sugar as plants'food.
D.Glucose produces chlorophyll that plants need.
38.Leaves are green in summer becauseA.
A.green chlorophyll offers a green color for leaves
B.sunlight turns water and carbon dioxide into a green color
C.there are no other colors in the leaves except green
D.glucose gives leaves their green color
39.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?C
A.Trees don't change colors with seasons.
B.Trees can still perform photosynthesis well in winter.
C.Trees have colors like yellow and orange even in summer.
D.Trees don't need food in winter.
40.What can be the best title of the passage?C
A.We Love the Beautiful Fall Leaf Colors
B.Chlorophyll and the Fall Leaf Colors
C.Why Do Leaves Change Color in Fall?
D.How Do Trees'Food Factories Work?
分析 本文是一篇科教類閱讀,主要講的是秋天葉子變色的原因.
解答 36-40:DBACC
36題答案:D考查細節(jié)推理,根據(jù)第一段的最后一句To answer those questions,we first have to understand what leaves are and what they do.為了回答這些問題,我們首先要弄清楚什么是葉子、它們是干什么的?可知作者問問題的原因是為了介紹本文的主題,故本題答案為D選項.
37題答案:B考查細節(jié)推理,根據(jù)第二段的Plants use glucose as food for energy and as a building block for growing.植物使用葡萄糖當作食物能量而且將其作為一種生長材料.可知本題答案為B選項.
38題答案:A考查細節(jié)推理,根據(jù)第二段的Chlorophyll is what gives plants their green color.葉綠素使葉子變成綠色.可知本題答案為A選項.
39題答案:C考查細節(jié)推理,根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的Small amounts of these colors have been in the leaves all along.We just can't see them in summer,because they are covered up by the green chlorophyll.少量的這些顏色(黃色和橙色)一直都在葉子里,只不過我們看不見因為它們被綠色的葉綠素蓋住了.可知本題答案為C選項.
40題答案:C考查主旨大意,本文主要講的是秋天的葉子為什么會變色;故本題答案為C選項.
點評 本文是一篇科教類閱讀,題目涉及多道細節(jié)理解題,做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對 性找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析,結(jié)合選項選出正確答案.推理判斷也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確的答案.