14．請(qǐng)對(duì)下列單句進(jìn)行修改，錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改．
增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏詞符號(hào)（Λ），并在此符號(hào)下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞；
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(xiàn)（\）劃掉；            
修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線(xiàn)，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞；
注意：每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞．
1．It was the first time that he ever left his country．
2．We encourage students to participate all kinds of activities．
3．A lot of people all over the world have no access of clean drinking water．
4．No one knows exactly when the first people arrived in where we now know as California．
5．I will give the job to whomever I think is suitably qualified．
6．He did all he could help his son live a normal life．
7．I really object to be charged for parking．
8．I wish to thank Professor Smith，without his help I would never have got this far．
9．There was a fire in the building，but thankful no one was hurt．
10．In the absent of the manager，I will be in charge．

分析 1．這是他第一次離開(kāi)他的國(guó)家．
2．我們鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生們參加各種各樣的活動(dòng)．
3．在世界上許多人沒(méi)有干凈的飲用水喝．
4．沒(méi)有人確切的知道什么時(shí)候第一個(gè)人到達(dá)我們現(xiàn)在所知道的新西蘭．
5．我將把這個(gè)工作給任何有合適資格的人．
6．他做了他能做來(lái)幫助他的兒子過(guò)正常生活．
7．我確實(shí)反對(duì)停車(chē)收費(fèi)．
8．我希望感謝Smith教授，沒(méi)有他的幫助，我不會(huì)收獲這么多．
9．在建筑物里有一場(chǎng)大火，但慶幸的是，沒(méi)有人受傷．
10．經(jīng)理不在，我來(lái)負(fù)責(zé)．

解答 1．It was the first time that he∧ever left his country．
2．We encourage students to participate∧all kinds of activities．
3．A lot of people all over the world have no access of clean drinking water．
4．No one knows exactly when the first people arrived in where we now know as California．
5．I will give the job to whomever I think is suitably qualified．
6．He did all he could∧help his son live a normal life．
7．I really object to be charged for parking．
8．I wish to thank Professor Smith，without his help I would never have got this far．
9．There was a fire in the building，but thankful no one was hurt．
10．In the absent of the manager，I will be in charge．
詳解：
1．加had 考查固定句型．句型"It/This/That+is+the first/second/…time （that）+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)"表示"第一/第二/…次"．而在句型"It/This/That+was+the first/second/…time （that）+過(guò)去完成時(shí)"表示"第一/第二/…次"．
2．加in 考查固定搭配．participate in意為"參加"，是固定搭配．
3．of改為to 考查固定搭配．have access to意為"有接觸…的機(jī)會(huì)或權(quán)利"，是固定搭配．
4．where改為what 考查名詞性從句．What在句中引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作know的賓語(yǔ)．
5．whomever改為whoever 考查代詞．分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，is缺少主語(yǔ)，用主格代詞．whomever是賓格代詞，whoever是主格代詞．
6．加to 考查動(dòng)詞不定式．此處用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)．
7．be改為being 考查動(dòng)名詞．to是介詞，后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)用動(dòng)名詞形式．
8．his改為whose 考查定語(yǔ)從句．前后兩個(gè)單句缺少連詞，用whose連接，此處使用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣．
9．thankful改為thankfully 考查副詞．修飾句子要用副詞，形容詞thankful的副詞是thankfully．
10．a(chǎn)bsent改為absence 考查名詞．in the absence of意為"在…不在場(chǎng)的情況下； 缺乏"，是固定搭配．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 單句改錯(cuò)涉及詞匯、語(yǔ)法、句型結(jié)構(gòu)等方面的知識(shí)和邏輯情理的推斷和綜合辨析能力，是一種在較高層次上考查考生對(duì)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)的掌握和語(yǔ)言綜合運(yùn)用能力的測(cè)試題型．它是專(zhuān)門(mén)針對(duì)考生們平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)過(guò)程中，尤其是寫(xiě)作練習(xí)中常犯的又是較為普遍的錯(cuò)誤而設(shè)計(jì)的．

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