BEIJING—Eating at a Beijing restaurant is usually an adventure for foreigners, and particularly when they get the chance to order “chicken without sex life” or “red burned lion head”.
Sometimes excited but mostly confused, embarrassed or even terrified, many foreigners have long complained about mistranslations of Chinese dishes. And their complaints are often valid(有效), but such an experience at Beijing’s restaurants will apparently soon be history.
Foreign visitors will no longer, hopefully, be confused by oddly worded restaurant menus in the capital if the government’s plan to correctly translate 3,000 Chinese dishes is a success and the translations are generally adopted.
The municipal(市政) office of foreign affairs has published a book to recommend English translations of Chinese dishes, which aims to help restaurants avoid bizarre translations. “It provides the names of main dishes of famous Chinese cuisines in plain English,” an official with the city’s Foreign Affairs office said. “Restaurants are encouraged to use the proposed translations, but it will not be compulsory.” It’s the city’s latest effort to bridge the culture gap for foreign travelers in China.
Coming up with precise translations is a daunting task, as some Chinese culinary(烹飪) techniques are untranslatable and many Chinese dishes have no English-language equivalent. The translators, after conducting a study of Chinese restaurants in English-speaking countries, divided the dish names into four categories: ingredients, cooking method, taste and name of a person or a place. For some traditional dishes, pinyin, the Chinese phonetic system, is used, such as mapo tofu(previously often literally translated as “beancurd made by woman with freckles”), baozi(steamed stuffed bun) and jiaozi(dumplings) to “reflect the Chinese cuisine culture,” according to the book.
“The book is a blessing to tourist guides like me. Having it, I don’t have to rack my brains trying to explain Chinese dishes to foreign travellers,” said Zheng Xiaodong, a 31-year-old employee with a Beijing-based travel agency.
“I will buy the book as I major in English literature and I’d like to introduce Chinese cuisine culture to more foreign friends,” said Han Yang, a postgraduate student at the University of International Business and Economics.
It is not clear if the book will be introduced to other parts of China. But on Tuesday, this was the most discussed topic on weibo.com, China’s most popular microblogging site.
小題1:What’s the best title of the passage?
A．An adventure for foreigners who eat in Beijing.
B．Confusing mistranslations of Chinese dishes.
C．Chinese dishes to have “official” English names.
D．The effort to bridge the culture gap.
小題2: “chicken without sex life” or “red burned lion head” are mentioned in the beginning of the passage to show              .
A．some Chinese dishes are not well received
B．some Chinese dishes are hard to translate
C．some Chinese dishes are mistranslated
D．some Chinese dishes are not acceptable
小題3:What measure has the municipal office taken?
A．Recommending a book on Chinese dishes.
B．Advocating(提倡) using precise translation for Chinese dishes.
C．Publishing a book on China’s dietary habits.
D．Providing the names of main Chinese dishes.
小題4:What’s the meaning of daunting in paragraph 5?
A．confusingB．disappointingC．discouragingD．Worthwhile

小題1:C
小題2:C
小題3:B
小題4:C

試題分析：本文介紹了在北京，對(duì)中文菜肴的錯(cuò)誤翻譯導(dǎo)致了外國(guó)客人的誤解，最后北京政府出臺(tái)了官方的建議菜肴名。
小題1:C 主旨大意題。本文討論的主要是中國(guó)的菜肴有了英文名，就不再會(huì)有這樣那樣的尷尬了。故C正確。
小題2:C 推理題。根據(jù)第二段1,2行Sometimes excited but mostly confused, embarrassed or even terrified, many foreigners have long complained about mistranslations of Chinese dishes.說明這些中文的菜名被錯(cuò)誤的翻譯了，故C正確。
小題3:B 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第四段1,2行The municipal(市政) office of foreign affairs has published a book to recommend English translations of Chinese dishes, which aims to help restaurants avoid bizarre translations.說明現(xiàn)在官方采用了統(tǒng)一的菜名并建議大家都使用，故B正確。
小題4:C 推理題。根據(jù)本句Coming up with precise translations is a daunting task,以及本段內(nèi)容說明這是一個(gè)不容易的事情，因?yàn)橹袊?guó)的菜肴里含有太多難以翻譯的東西。故C正確。
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文對(duì)考生的要求較高，要在閱讀理解整體語篇的基礎(chǔ)上，把握文章的真正內(nèi)涵。要吃透文章的字面意思，從字里行間捕捉有用的提示和線索，這是推理的前提和基礎(chǔ)。要忠實(shí)于原文，以文章提供的事實(shí)和線索為依據(jù)。立足已知，推斷未知。立足現(xiàn)在，猜測(cè)未來。不能主觀臆想，憑空想象，隨意揣測(cè)，更不能以自己的觀點(diǎn)代替作者的觀點(diǎn);
練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The hottest show this summer---"the Voice" just finished on Sunday at the Shanghai Stadium. But the show that had a good start didn’t end to everyone’s satisfaction. The two and a half hour show dragged on for more than four hours because of the huge amount of advertising, which the audience and residents living nearby could hardly bear.
This summer, something hotter than the weather came to Shanghai. That is the Voice of China. The show soon became a cash cow for the organizer as the advertisement prices reached 1.16 million yuan for 15 seconds. And the show has earned more than 100 million yuan up to now in ad income only,
But the organizers’ bliss was audiences’ melancholy.
In the final live show on Sunday, about 14 rounds of advertisements were aired, each of which came at a crucial result-announcing moment.
Frequently interrupted by advertisements, some live audience members complained that the show wasn’t worth its ticket prices of 180 to 1680 yuan.
The planned two and a half hour show went two hours overtime because of the advertising. This annoyed audience members, and touched the nerves of residents living near the site.
Someone called the police, and the show is now facing punishment for going over-time and disturbing residents late at night.
小題1: Why didn’t “the Voice” make audience satisfied?
A．Because it had a good start but it failed to attract audience’ attention in the end.
B．Because it had a good start but it failed to make audience satisfied.
C．Because it increased by one and a half hour and audience couldbear it.
D．Because it was full of so many advisements that audience can’t tolerate it.
小題2: Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A．The show lasted for over four hours.
B．The show has earned more than 100 million yuan up to now totally.
C．The show wasn’t worth its ticket prices because of many advertisements.
D．Someone called the police because he can’t bear the noises late at night.
小題3: What does the underlined word “melancholy” in the third paragraph mean?
A．enthusiasmB．crazinessC．sorrowD．romance
小題4: Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?
A．The Voice of China---the most popular TV show of last summer.
B．The Voice of China---hard to say I love you.
C．The Voice of China---I want you.
D．The Voice of China---the noises of China.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Most lives saved from sinking ferryCao Min couldn’t believe she was experiencing exactly what she had seen years ago in the film “Titanic”.
Cao and her two children from Anhui Province were traveling on board the “Liaoludu 7”on February 22.They were among the first people on the ship who were rescued by lifeboats. Cao’s one-year-old son was the youngest passenger on board.
The “Liaoludu 7”was traveling in the Bohai Straits(渤海海峽)from Lushun in Liaoning Province to the port city of Longkou in Shandong Province. It suddenly lost its power at 2:30 pm and tilted(傾斜)on its side. With 81 people on board, the ferry(渡船)began to sink.
“I was so scared that my legs couldn’t move forward. They kept shaking even when I was asked to jump onto a “ lifeboat.” Cao recalled.
Upon receiving the urgent appeal, China Marine Search and Rescue Center(中國(guó)海上搜救中心)immediately informed the State Council(國(guó)務(wù)院).The center sent eight lifeboats to the sinking ship and asked for help form the Ministry of Agriculture, the Navy and nearby fishing boats.
After more than four hours of fighting against strong winds and freezing ocean water, the passengers were recovered. All but four survived. These four died after spending too long in the freezing waters, according to a spokesperson for the Beijing-based center.
(From 21st Century, Mar.3, 2003)
小題1:How many people survived the disaster?
A．4B．81C．85D．77
小題2:Who do you think were the first people rescued?
A．Women and childrenB．WomenC．ChildrenD．Men
小題3:Which of the following is Not true?
A．The accident happened from Longkou in Shandong Province to Lushun in Liaoning Province.
B．The fighting of the people on board against the strong winds and freezing ocean water lasted several hours.
C．Cao and her children fortunately were saved.
D．But for the State Council, the passengers and the crew would have lost their lives.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Zhang Lili, a 29-year-old middle school teacher at the No 19 middle school in the city of Jiamusi in Northeast China’s Heilongjiang province was crossing the road just outside the school’s gate when a school bus suddenly came rushing toward nearby students at 8:38 pm on May 8, 2012.
“There were three buses at the school gate ready to pick up students, but the one in the back suddenly crashed into the second bus and pushed it into the first one. There were several students standing between the first and the second buses and they were about to be crushed,” said Liu Ye, a student of No.19 middle school.
“We were waiting to board the bus when suddenly it began moving toward the teachers and students. Zhang Lili immediately pushed the students out of the way, but unfortunately she didn't escape. The bus crushed her legs.” added Liu.
Zhang Lili was sent to hospital at about 9 pm and she was critically injured and her blood pressure was low. The situation was quite serious when rushed to hospital.
After consulting specialists, the doctors decided that the only way to save her life was cut off both of her legs.
Upon learning about the accident, the deputy mayor of the city, Sun Zhe, asked the hospital to “save the young teacher regardless of the cost”
“If necessary, we will invite more specialists from the capital city, even from the whole nation,” said Sun.
Fortunately, after 58 hours of emergency medical attention after being transferred to the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Zhang finally regained consciousness on May 15.
“But it cannot be ruled out that her condition may worsen, and the doctors are still working full out to save the heroic teacher,” said Zhao Mingyan, ICU director at the hospital, where Zhang is now receiving treatment. “Her courage moved all of our staff, and we will try our best to help the brave teacher in her future life.” said Wang Jianwei, the director of center.
The Ministry of Education has also named her “National Outstanding Teacher” and called on the country’s educators to learn from her.
小題1:What does the underlined word “it” in the third paragraph refers to ________.
A．the bus in the backB．the bus in the middle
C．the bus in the frontD．the third bus
小題2:What can be inferred from the remark of the deputy Mayor Sun Zhe?
A．Every possible means is being carried out to save the brave teacher.
B．It’s increasingly difficult to save the brave teacher.
C．The only way to save the brave teacher is to cut off her legs.
D．No more experts will be needed in the operation to save the brave teacher.
小題3:What does the underlined sentence in the ninth paragraph attempt to tell us?
A．The woman teacher’s condition will definitely get worse.
B．It is obvious that the woman teacher will recover shortly after.
C．There is little possibility that the woman teacher’s condition will improve.
D．It’s likely that the teacher will suffer from a worse medical condition.
小題4:Which of the following might be the best title for this passage?
A．National Outstanding TeacherB．A Heroic Teacher
C．An Example of Top TeachersD．An bus accident

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Virginia is set to begin enforcing the toughest drunken-driving punishment, one that will require thousands of first-time offenders—whether they were highly drunk or slightly over the limit—to install in their cars blood- alcohol testing devices that can lock the ignition. The devices work like this—A driver must blow into a blood alcohol device linked to the car’s ignition. If the result is higher than the legal limit, the car will not start. The device also requires random “rolling retests” once the driver is on the road.
Virginia’s current law requires only repeated offenders or those with a blood alcohol level of 0.15 or higher to have an ignition interlock device in their cars.
The new law, which takes effect in July, will roughly increase the number of people required to use ignition interlock devices four times, and offenders will have to pay about $ 480 for a typical six-month installation.
The measure has caused a debate between groups battling drunken driving and those representing offenders. Such groups as Mother Against Drunken Driving and The Washington Regional Alcohol Program say that Virginia’s 274 alcohol-related road deaths and more than 5,500 injuries in 2010 remained unacceptably high despite years of cracking down on drunken driving. Ignition interlock devices, they say, reduce repeat offenses. But some public defenders and lawyers argue that the devices are too severe a punishment for offenders at the legal blood alcohol limit 0.08, and that the court system will be burdened by more cases going to trial and lower-income drivers will be affected by the fees.
Del. Sal R. Iaquinto, who sponsored the bill, had a simple reply for concerns about the costs of the interlock devises: “How much does a life cost?” “Blowing into a tube for six months, you will remember that,” Iaquinto said, “And you’re not likely to offend again.”
小題1:The underlined word “ignition” in Paragraph 1probably refers to the part in a car where ___________.
A．the alarm goes offB．the engine startsC．the door opensD．the car is fueled
小題2:Who are required to install the blood alcohol devices according to the current law?
A．The first time drunken-driving offenders.
B．The drivers who are not able to pay offence fees.
C．The repeat drunken-driving offenders.
D．Drivers whose blood alcohol level is below 0.15.
小題3:The reason why some defenders and lawyers oppose the new law is that ____________.
A．fewer cases go to trial
B．lower-income drivers will not afford to drink again
C．interlock devices increase repeat offenses
D．the devices are too severe a punishment for offenders
小題4:The debate aroused by the measure implies that ___________.
A．prevention is better than cureB．no law is absolutely perfect
C．punishment is the key to allD．justice has long arms
小題5:What is Del. Sal R. Iaquinto’s attitude towards the new law?
A．Negative.B．Indifferent.C．flexible.D．workable.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Switzerland is the best place to be born in the world in 2013，and the US is just 16th. A new study made by the Economist Intelligence Unit says American babies will have a dimmer（暗淡）future than those born in Hong Kong，Ireland and even Canada. The EIU，a sister company of The Economist，tried to measure how well countries will provide the best opportunities for a healthy，safe and prosperous life in years to come.
People born in Switzerland will tend to be the happiest and have the best quality of life in terms of wealth，health and trust in public institutions，according to the analysis. The Scandinavian countries of Norway，Sweden and Denmark also all make the top five in a‘quality-of-lif e’index(指數(shù)）where it is best to be born next year.
One of the most important factors is being rich，but other factors come into play including crime，trust in public institutions and the health of family life. In total，the index takes into account 11 factors. These include fixed factors such as geography，others that change slowly over time such as demography (人口學(xué)) social and cultural characteristics, and the state of the world economy. The index also looks at income per head in 2030，which is roughly when children born in 2013 will reach adulthood. Small economies take up the top 10 countries，with Australia coming second and New Zealand and the Netherlands not too far behind.
Half of the top 10 countries are European，but only one，the Netherlands，is from the eurozone. The crisis-ridden south of Europe，including Greece，Portugal and Spain，falls behind despite the advantage of a favourable climate. Interestingly，the largest European economies-Germany，F(xiàn)rance and Britain-do not do particularly well. Nigeria has the unenviable(不值得羨慕的)title of being the worst country for a baby to enter the world in 2013.
小題1:According to the passage，the happiest people live in      ·
A．DenmarkB．SwitzerlandC．GermanyD．Nigeria
小題2:The factors of telling the best place to be born don’t include      ．
A．economyB．geography
C．trust in public institutionsD．pollution
小題3:Which of the following is TRUE according to the text？
A．The Economist Intelligence Unit is a company.
B．The Economist attempted to measure the best place to live.
C．The Scandinavian countries are hardly at the top of the list.
D．Half of the top 10 countries are from the eurozone.
小題4:The purpose of the text is to show people      ．
A．the best place to be born in 2013
B．a(chǎn) new study made by the EIU
C．the worst country to be born in 2013
D．the factors of measuring the best place to be born

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Tens of thousands of smartphone applications are running ads from the overwhelming(勢(shì)不可擋的) advertising networks that change smartphone settings and copy people’s contact information without permission.
Aggressive ad networks can disguise（假扮） ads as text message notifications (通告), and sometimes change browser settings and bookmarks. Often, the ads will upload your contacts list to the ad network’s servers--- information that the ad network can then sell to marketers.
Sounds scary? It’s not a giant problem yet, but it’s a growing one. As many as 5% of free mobile apps use an “aggressive” ad network to make money, according to Lookout, a San Francisco-based mobile security company. PhoneLiving was one of the most popular app developers to use these kinds of ad networks; their dozens of talking animal apps have been downloaded several million times. Later, PhoneLiving says it has mended its ways. The company admittedusing invasive techniques to make money from its apps, but said it dropped those methods at the start of July because of bad reviews and declining downloads.
The most popular type of apps that use aggressive ad networks are “Personalisation” apps, which include wallpapers. Comic and entertainment apps are also among the most likely to have rogue(兇猛的) ad networks running behind the scenes. Like aggressive pop-ups on PCs, the bad software isn’t easy to get rid of. Though the damage can typically be removed by deleting the app, it can be hard to tell which app is causing the problems.
When developers create free mobile apps, they usually make money through ads displayed within the app. App makers don’t usually tell people which ad network they are using, which makes it hard to avoid the known offenders. The best defense is to read reviews and avoid downloading apps that have attracted many complaints.
小題1:What is an example of bad behavior by the annoying mobile ads?
A．They change browser settings and bookmarks.
B．They change people’s calendar settings.
C．They send scam text messages occasionally.
D．They download free versions of games.
小題2:What do we know about PhoneLiving?
A．Its operation model is against the will of netizens.
B．It was forced to admit its bad behavior.
C．It has changed its business model rapidly.
D．Its relationship with Lookout may break up.
小題3:Why is the bad software hard to get rid of?
A．The software runs behind the scenes.
B．The app is very hard to delete.
C．It is difficult to find the problem app.
D．The network antivirus is out of date.
小題4:What does the underlined word, “ invasive”, mean in the third paragraph?
A．innovative B．positive C．flexible D．a(chǎn)ggressive
小題5:What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Mobile ads can attack your phone and steal your contacts.
B．Mobile ads have become popular in recent years.
C．Smartphones have been damaged by mobile ads.
D．You may download some aggressive apps unconsciously.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process．People have generally viewed personal growth as an external（外部的） result or product that can easily be identified and measured．The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language--- all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts．
By contrast, the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since by definition it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way．The process is not the road itself, but rather the attitudes and feelings people have, their caution or courage, as they go through new experiences and unexpected obstacles．In this process, the journey never really ends; there are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept．
In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to be faced with the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they may “fail” at first．How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow．
These feelings of insecurity and self – doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow．If we do not face and overcome these internal fears and doubts, if we protect ourselves too much, then we cease to grow．We become trapped inside a shell of our own making．
小題1:A person is generally believed to achieve personal growth when______．．
A．he has given up his smoking habit
B．he has made great efforts in his work
C．he is interested in making anything new
D．he has tried to determine where he is on his journey
小題2:In the author’s eyes, one who views personal growth as a process would______．
A．judge his ability to grow from his own achievements
B．succeed in climbing up the social ladder
C．face difficulties and take up challenges
D．a(chǎn)im high and reach his goal each time
小題3:When the author says “a new way of being” （para．3）, he is referring to _____．
A．a(chǎn) new way of taking risks
B．a(chǎn) new approach to experiencing the world
C．a(chǎn) new system of adapting to change
D．a(chǎn) new method of finding ourselves
小題4:For personal growth, the author may not support __________．     ．
A．curiosity and more chances
B．being quick in self – adaptation
C．open – minded to new experiences
D．a(chǎn)voidance of internal fears and doubts

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Spending as little as $5 a day on someone else could significantly boost happiness, the team at the University of British Columbia found.
Their experiments on more than 630 Americans showed they were measurably happier when they spent money on others even if they thought spending the money on themselves would make them happier.
“We wanted to test our theory that how people spend their money is at least as important as how much money they earn,” said Elizabeth Dunn, a psychologist at the University of British Columbia. They asked their 600 volunteers first to rate their general happiness, report their annual income and detail their monthly spending including bills, gifts for themselves, gifts for others and donations to charity.
“No matter how much income each person made, those who spent money on others reported greater happiness, while those who spent more on themselves did not,” Dunn said in a statement.
Dunn’s team also surveyed 16 employees at a company in Boston before and after they received an annual profit-sharing bonus of between $3,000 and $8,000. “Employees who devoted more of their bonus to prosocial spending experienced greater happiness after receiving the bonus, and the manner in which they spent that bonus was a more important predictor of their happiness than the size of the bonus itself,” they wrote in their report, published in the journal Science.
They gave their volunteers $5 or $20 and half got clear instructions on how to spend it. Those who spent the money on someone or something else reported feeling happier about it.
“These findings suggest that very minor changes in spending allocations-as little as $5 may be enough to produce real gains in happiness on a given day,” Dunn said.
小題1:What is the general idea of the passage?
A．The more you earn, the greater happiness you will get.
B．Spending more money on yourself will make you happier.
C．Money can buy happiness, but only if you spend it on someone else.
D．You can spend only $5 a day on someone else to get happiness.
小題2:The underlined work “boost” in the first paragraph probably means      .
A．help to findB．help to increaseC．help to bringD．help to get
小題3:Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Those who spend more money on others can get much more bonus.
B．People usually think spending money on themselves will make them happier.
C．Very small changes in spending your money may be enough to gain happiness.
D．Researchers think that how people spend their money is at least as important as how much money they earn.
小題4:Dunn is       .
A．a(chǎn) reporter in a journalB．a(chǎn) volunteer in the experiment
C．a(chǎn)n employee in a companyD．a(chǎn) psychologist at a university
小題5:It can be inferred from the 6th paragraph that      .
A．the volunteers not given $5 or $20 spent their own money on themselves
B．those who spent the money on someone or something else felt happier about it
C．the volunteers were given $5 or $20 as a reward for the experiment
D．half of the volunteers could spend the money as they liked

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案