Question

9．Conventional wisdom is a major barrier to innovation（創(chuàng)新） that threatens the survival of companies everywhere．It's based on the assumption that old ideas will always work，so they shouldn't be challenged．While this may be a valid（有效的） assumption in situations that don't change，it's unlikely to hold true in a changing situation．In today's rapid changing global environment，old methods often don't work，and stubbornly using them can lead to major problems．
Most people seem to agree with conventional wisdom because it gives one a false sense of security．If everyone else believes it，then it must be true．Individuals who use conventional wisdom are certain that they are right，and being right is good．They want to continue using old ideas rather than take risks with changes that might not work．In 1977，Ken Olsen，co-founder and CEO of Digital Equipment Corporation （DEC），stated"There is no reason for any individual to have a computer in his home．"Despite being a dominant leader in the computer industry，DEC no longer exists．
People seem to forget that since innovation is a change，there can be no innovation without change．Unfortunately，conventional wisdom prevents leaders，followers and companies from changing and therefore innovating．If companies don't innovate，but their competitors do，the future is likely to be problematic．Breaking from conventional wisdom has led to many of the most innovative companies and products in history across many industries，so it has a powerful effect on business success．
Ted Turner （founder of CNN） knew little，if anything，about the news business，but he knew it was inconvenient to watch news only at the dinner hour，as was common before CNN．Turner's solution was to create a cable channel dedicated to news 24 hours a day．The news establishment reflected conventional wisdom at the time，and predicted his idea would fail because no one wanted to watch the news all day．However，it doesn't take a rocket scientist to understand that viewers don't have to watch the news all day for the CNN to work．Viewers just have to watch when they want to get information．Due to conventional thinking，the critics failed to recognize the opportunity that was clear to Ted．They assumed that only what was familiar to them could work in the future．
Conventional wisdom prevents creativity，flexibility and risk-taking，so unconventional leaders enthusiastically break from it．To survive，thrive and maintain competitive advantage，companies must be flexible when reacting to change．
28．DEC has disappeared probably becauseC．
A．the consumers didn't like its products
B．the leaders lacked the sense of security
C．the CEO stuck to the conventional ideas
D．the employees took many risks with changes
29．The founding of CNN is used as an example to proveB．
A．missing opportunities could lead to failure
B．changing could contribute to business success
C．watching news at the dinner hour is convenient
D．conventional wisdom influences business success
30．What does the underlined part probably mean？D
A．Rocket scientists can ensure the CNN works properly．
B．Most of the viewers don't like to watch the news at work．
C．It's necessary to understand when people watch the news．
D．It's easy to know people needn't watch the news all the time．
31．The passage is mainly written to tell us thatC．
A．old methods are changing with time
B．opportunities lead to business success
C．conventional wisdom limits innovation
D．successful companies need wise leaders．

Answer 1

分析 本文提出傳統(tǒng)的智慧是阻礙企業(yè)生存的創(chuàng)新的主要障礙的觀點(diǎn)，主要說(shuō)明了常規(guī)常態(tài)的思維妨礙與限制了創(chuàng)新．

解答 28．C 細(xì)節(jié)理解．根據(jù)文章第二段中的They want to continue using old ideas rather than take risks with changes that might not work，可知DEC消失是由于它的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)墨守成規(guī)，不接受新的事物，故C選項(xiàng)的描述正確．
29．B  推理判斷．根據(jù)文章第四段中的The news establishment reflected conventional wisdom at the time，and predicted his idea would fail because no one wanted to watch the news all day，可知CNN的例子是用于證明改革是可以促進(jìn)一個(gè)企業(yè)的發(fā)展與成功的．故選B．
30．D 推理判斷．分析句意并結(jié)合常識(shí)，可知道正常的人也不會(huì)每天時(shí)時(shí)刻刻開(kāi)著收音機(jī)聽(tīng)新聞，結(jié)合此句的語(yǔ)境，可知D選項(xiàng)的意思正確．
31．C 主旨大意．縱觀全文，文章由一開(kāi)頭的首句Conventional wisdom is a major barrier to innovation that threatens the survival of companies everywhere就指出了文章的大意，主要說(shuō)明了常規(guī)常態(tài)的思維妨礙與限制了創(chuàng)新，故選C．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 本篇閱讀理解，主要測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋．考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)．