Question

【題目】Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

The problem of robocalls has become so severe that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don’t know. By next year, half of the calls we receive will be scams（欺詐）. We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, it’s too little, too late. By the time these “solutions” become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. 【1】 Soon you will also question whether the voice you’re hearing is actually real.

That’s because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use. At this year’s I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to receptionist and book a reservation without detection.

【2】 The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision. A decade of data breaches（數(shù)據(jù)侵入）of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother’s name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, they’re able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller’s, tricking you into “confirming” your address, mother’s name, and cark number. Scammers follow money, so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. 【3】.

We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. 【4】 That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by, or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications -- using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.

Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.

A. Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.

B. There are many challenges in robotics that need to be addressed in order to solve the voice manipulation and assembly problems.

C. In the near future, it’s not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt.

D. It’s high time that the government should spare no effort to tackle the problem immediately.

AB. Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real.

AC. Those developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】AC

【3】A

【4】AB

【解析】

本文是說明文。文章指出語音操作于自動化技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)，使得機(jī)器人電話可以以假亂真，欺詐現(xiàn)象更加嚴(yán)重，解決這個問題需要電話運(yùn)營商和消費(fèi)者共同努力。

【1】根據(jù)下文Soon you will also question whether the voice you’re hearing is actually real.（很快你也會質(zhì)疑你聽到的聲音是否是真的）可知，C項In the near future, it’s not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt.（在不久的將來，不僅僅是出現(xiàn)在你的手機(jī)屏幕上的電話號碼令人懷疑），符合文意。其中also是解題關(guān)鍵。故選C。

【2】根據(jù)上文At this year’s I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to receptionist and book a reservation without detection.（在今年的I/O大會上，一家公司展示了一種新的語音技術(shù)，這種技術(shù)能夠產(chǎn)生如此令人信服的人聲，以至于它能夠在不被察覺的情況下與接待員通話并預(yù)訂房間）可知，技術(shù)的發(fā)展會讓自動電話問題變得更糟。AC項Those developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse.（那些發(fā)展可能會使我們目前的自動電話問題變得更糟），符合文意。故選AC。

【3】根據(jù)上文A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships.（許多業(yè)務(wù)仍然是通過電話完成的，其中許多是基于信任和現(xiàn)有的關(guān)系）可知，騙子使用語音操縱技術(shù)進(jìn)行行騙，會削弱人與人之間的信任關(guān)系。A項Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.（語音操縱技術(shù)可能會逐漸削弱這一點(diǎn)），符合文意。故選A。

【4】根據(jù)下文That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by, or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications -- using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.（這可能意味著，要么開發(fā)一種統(tǒng)一的方式來標(biāo)記視頻和圖像，顯示它們是何時、由誰制作的，要么完全放棄電話，轉(zhuǎn)向基于數(shù)據(jù)的通信——使用FaceTime或WhatsApp等可以與你的身份綁定的應(yīng)用程序）可知，解決電信網(wǎng)絡(luò)的不安全問題需要電話運(yùn)營商和消費(fèi)者需要共同努力。AB項Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real.（電話運(yùn)營商和消費(fèi)者需要共同努力，找到確定和溝通什么是真實的方法），符合文意。故選AB。