Teaching is more than leadership. Some of the teacher’s time and effort is directed toward instruction, some toward evaluation. But it is the teacher as a group leader who creates an effective organizational structure (結(jié)構(gòu)) and good working environment so that instruction and evaluation activities can take place. A group that is totally disorganized, unclear about its goals, or constantly fighting among its members will not be a good learning group. The leadership pattern includes helping to form and maintain a positive learning environment so that instruction and evaluation activities can take place.
On the first day of class, the teacher faces a room filled with individuals (個(gè)體). Perhaps a few closely united groups and friendships already exist. But there is no sense of group unity, no set of rules for conduct in the group, no feeling of belonging. If teachers are successful leaders, they will help students develop a system of relationships that encourages working together.
Standards and rules must be set to keep order, make sure of justice and protect individual rights, but do not contradict school policy. What happens when one student hurts another’s individual rights? Without clear regulations agreeable to the students and teachers, the classroom can become chaotic. Students may break rules they did not know existed. If standards are set without participation from the class, students may spend a great deal of creative energy in destroying the class environment or finding ways to break rules.
No matter how skillful the teacher is in uniting students and creating a positive atmosphere, the task is never complete. Regular maintenance is necessary. Conflicts arise. The needs of individual members change. A new kind of learning task requires a new organizational structure. Sometimes outside pressures such as holidays, upcoming tests or sport competitions, or family troubles cause stress in the classroom. One task for the teacher is to recreate a positive environment by helping students deal with conflict, change, and stress.
【小題1】The underlined word “maintain” in Para.1 probably means_______.

A．conserveB．buildC．recreateD．evaluate
【小題2】According to the author, the teacher should _______.
A．free students from outside pressures
B．set the standards and rules on his own
C．be responsible for a well-organized class
D．focus more on instruction and evaluation
【小題3】From the passage we can learn that ______.
A．rules cannot be changed once they’re formed
B．outside pressures may not cause tension among students
C．if the teacher well unites his students, he then will finish his task
D．if rules are not acceptable both to students and teachers, the classroom can be a mess
【小題4】What is the author’s main purpose of writing the passage?
A．To provide information for teaching.
B．To show the importance of teaching a class.
C．To study the teacher’s behavior in the classroom.
D．To compare the teacher’s behavior with the students’ in class.


【小題1】A
【小題2】C
【小題3】D
【小題4】A

解析試題分析: 教育所包含的內(nèi)容遠(yuǎn)甚于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)關(guān)系。有些老師將時(shí)間和經(jīng)歷花在訓(xùn)導(dǎo)方面，另外一些花在評(píng)估方面。正是作為組內(nèi)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的老師才能為訓(xùn)導(dǎo)和評(píng)估活動(dòng)創(chuàng)造有效率的組織結(jié)構(gòu)和良好的工作環(huán)境。
【小題1】A 細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第一段The leadership pattern includes helping to form and maintain a positive learning environment幫助形成并保持一種積極的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境，maintain保持，故選A。
【小題2】C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“But it is the teacher as a group leader who creates an effective organizational structure and good working environment”可知，創(chuàng)造一種有效的組織結(jié)構(gòu)和良好的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境是老師的職責(zé)所在，故選C。
【小題3】D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Without clear regulations agreeable to the students and teachers, the classroom can become chaotic.”可知，沒有明確的針對(duì)老師和學(xué)生的規(guī)定，教室會(huì)變得一片混亂。故選D。
【小題4】A 主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段“Teaching is more than leadership. ...On the first day of class, the teacher faces a room filled with individuals. ...One task for the teacher is to recreate a positive environment by helping students deal with conflict, change, and stress.”可知，文章講的是，教師如何做好教學(xué)工作，管理好學(xué)生，故選A。
考點(diǎn)：教育類閱讀。

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