Question

A bicycle helmet is a helmet intended to be worn while riding a bicycle．They are designed to reduce impacts to the skull(頭顱骨) of a cyclist in falls．However, there is a debate on whether helmets are useful for road cyclists．

The World Health Organization promotes the use of helmets as a strategy for preventing people' s heads from being injured by bicycle crashes or falls．Use of cycling helmets is supported by numerous groups in the United States. US-based cycling activist John Forester suggests that helmet wearing could prevent 300 deaths a year in the United States out of a total of 1530 preventable deaths．Public Health Law Research reports that there is enough evidence to establish that bicycle helmet laws are an effective public health intervention(干涉)aimed to reduce the number of head-related deaths．Received opinion in some countries is that bicycle helmets are useful and that every cyclist should wear one. Professional bodies elsewhere have agreed, such as the Swiss Council for Accident Prevention．

Mayer Hillman, a transport and road safety analyst from the UK, does not support the use of helmets, reasoning that they are of very limited value in the event of a collision（碰撞） with a car. He compares it to drawing conclusions on whether it is worthwhile to buy lottery tickets. Cyclists' representative groups complain that focus on helmets diverts(轉(zhuǎn)移) attention from other issues which are much more important for improving bicycle safety, such as road danger reduction．The UK's largest cyclists' organization, the CTC, believes that the "overall health effects of compulsory helmets are negative.'' The same report estimated(估計) that universal helmet use would save the life of one child aged 0 to 15 each year．

Up to now, the debate is with no consensus（共識）, but an organization has published a review of studies in 2011, saying there is a good deal of evidence that those wearing a helmet are more likely to crash than bareheaded cyclists．

 

 

Answer 1

【答案】

 Wearing Bicycle Helmets/Bicycle Helmets        

 supporters       

  preventing head injuries       

   head-related death number   

  useless       

 not being valuable/having little value/having limited value

  to be diverted       

 few  children

  published    

 possibility/chance

【解析】

試題分析：

  Wearing Bicycle Helmets/Bicycle Helmets   

根據(jù)第一段最后一句there is a debate on whether helmets are useful for road cyclists．說明討論的話題是戴頭盔是否有用。因為on是介詞，后面接動名詞的形式。

 supporters       

根據(jù)文章第二段可知都是支持戴頭盔的人的觀點，supporters支持者。

  preventing head injuries       

根據(jù)第二段第二行preventing people' s heads from being injured by bicycle crashes or falls說明是預(yù)防頭部受傷。

    head-related death number   

根據(jù)第二段4,5行t helmet wearing could prevent 300 deaths a year in the United States out of a total of 1530 preventable deaths．說明戴頭盔可以減少與頭部受傷死亡的人數(shù)。

  useless       

細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段2,3行they are of very limited value in the event of a collision（碰撞） with a car.說明有人認(rèn)為戴頭盔是沒有用的。

 not being valuable/having little value/having limited value

根據(jù)第三段2,3行they are of very limited value in the event of a collision（碰撞） with a car說明部分人認(rèn)為這樣做是沒有價值的。

   to be diverted       

第三段5,6行that focus on helmets diverts(轉(zhuǎn)移) attention from other issues which are much more important for improving bicycle safety說明注意力容易分散。

 few  children

根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段The same report estimated(估計) that universal helmet use would save the life of one child aged 0 to 15 each year．說明挽救孩子的生命較少。

  published    

根據(jù)最后一段1,2行an organization has published a review of studies in 2011。

 possibility/chance

同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，根據(jù)文章最后一句there is a good deal of evidence that those wearing a helmet are more likely to crash than bareheaded cyclists．

考點：考查任務(wù)型閱讀

點評：本文屬于任務(wù)型閱讀，在完成此類題目時，要仔細(xì)閱讀短文和表格，根據(jù)文章的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)找出原文中的相應(yīng)的語群，從同義詞，近義詞，反義詞等角度出發(fā)，尋找原詞再現(xiàn)，進行歸納總結(jié)，確定合適的答案。