Tired of telling students to ask questions and to think about what they were doing, Damien Hynes, a high school geography teacher in Australia, decided to do an experiment to test what he had long been thinking．He wrote some well-organized nonsense （something untrue） on the blackboard．The students simply copied it but very few asked any questions．This shows that students are willing to believe anything given by teachers．The story is repeated in support of the Project for Enhancing Effective Learning （PEEL）．
PEEL was carried out by some teachers and researchers in Melbourne who had concluded that normal teaching methods seldom achieve their intended goals; what the teachers think they are teaching is one thing and what the students actually learn is something else．Students’ lack of an over-all view of learning goals and their concentration on test scores make them see each lesson as a separate activity．
Researchers realized that many students do not come into class empty-headed but have their own explanations of how the world works．Their own ideas can remain important to them even when they differ from scientific explanations that are learned later．In fact such ideas are hardly affected by traditional teaching．Students accept the teacher’s scientific explanation, but do not drop their own．They simply keep both and use them practically: in a class test, they copy the teacher’s idea, but in real life they use their own．
Clearly what was needed was to make students understand their learning process（過程）, and this is what the PEEL teachers set out to deal with．On the surface,（表面） a class being taught by PEEL methods only differs from an ordinary class in being a little noisier, because more people are talking．But there are some meaningful changes．Students are given much more time to express their views, and teachers don’t make immediate judgment．The students are allowed to guide what is done in class and their own ideas are always respected．This draws their attention to the actual learning process, and they become responsible for their own progress．
小題1:The aim of Hynes’ experiment was to ______．
A．show that students didn’t think about what they learnt
B．prove the effectiveness of the project known as PEEL
C．test students’ general knowledge about geography
D．encourage students to ask more questions in class
小題2:Why did some teachers and researchers carry out PEEL?
A．To ensure teachers do scientific work．
B．To help students get higher test scores．
C．To find the differences between what is taught and learnt．
D．To help normal teaching methods achieve their goals．
小題3:An important difference between PEEL and non-PEEL classes is that in the PEEL classes ______．
A．the teacher does not give the usual scientific explanations
B．students always have their own knowledge of the subject
C．more attention is paid to the students’ own ideas
D．the best explanations are given by the students
小題4:What is Damien Hynes？
A．He is a teacher who teaches geography in a high school in Australia
B．He is a geography teacher and a researcher in Australia
C．He is a teacher teaching geography in a high school in Austria
D．He is a high school geography teacher in Austria．

小題1:A
小題2:D
小題3:C
小題4:A
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition of each new skill-the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing．It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child: This might happen at any stage．A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads．On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself．
Patents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children．Some may be especially strict in money matters．Others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals．In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child’s own happiness．
As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching．To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality．Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept”．If they are not sincere and do not practice what they teach, their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled．
A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents’ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment．
小題1:Eagerly watching the child’s acquisition of new skills _________．
A．should be avoided
B．is universal among parents
C．sets up dangerous states of worry in the child
D．will make him lose interest in learning new things
小題2:In the process of children’s learning new skills, parents ______．
A．should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read
B．should not expect too much of them
C．should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own
D．should create as many learning opportunities as possible
小題3:The second paragraph mainly tells us that __________．
A．parents should be strict with their children
B．parental controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the community
C．parental restrictions vary, and are not always intended for the benefit of the children alone
D．parents vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation
小題4:In moral matters, parents should __________．
A．observe the rules themselves
B．be aware of the marked difference between adults and children
C．forbid things which have no foundation in morality
D．consistently ensure the security of their children

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Providing small classes for at least several grades starting in early primary school gives students the best chance to succeed in late grades, according to groundbreaking new research from a Michigan State University scholar.
The research by Spyros Konstantopoulos, a professor of education, is the first to examine the effects of class size over a period and for all levels of students. The study appears in the American Journal of Education.
He is also a member of a group for the Department of Education’s Instiute of Education Sciences that will give official advice on class size to the states. He said the advice will mirror his research: the best plan is to provide continuous small classes(13 to 17 students) for at least several years starting in kindergarten or first grade.
“For a logn time states thought they could just do it in kindergarten or first grade for one year and get the benefits,” He said. “I don’t believe that. I think you need at least a few years in a row where all students, and especially low-achievers, receive the treatment, and then you see the benefits later.”
His research used data from the Project Star study in Tennessee that analyzed the effects of class size on more than 11,000 students in primary and middle school. He found that students who had been in small classes from kindergarten through third grade had actually higher test scores in grades four through eight than students who been in larger classes early on.
Students from all achievement levels benefited from small classes, the research found. “But low-achievers benefited the most, which narrowed the achievement gap with high –achievers in science, reading and math, ” he said.
Although the study didn’t consider classroom practices, he said the reason for the narrowing gap is likely due to low-achieving students receiving more attention from teachers.
“This is especially important in poorer schools because teacher effectiveness matters more in schools with more disadvantaged and low-performing students, ” he said.
小題1:The professor argues about ________ .
A．the size of the classB．the period of the class
C．the attention from teachersD．the achievements of students
小題2:The result of the research shows that _________.
A．small classes for one year in early grade are enough
B．continuous small classes help students achieve more
C．it’s best to attend small classes in kindergarten
D．small classes do equal good to students of all levels
小題3:What can we infer from the passage?
A．High achievers will not benefit from small classes.
B．Continuous small classes have not been widely accepted.
C．Low-achievers should be separated from high-achievers.
D．Teachers’ attention matters less than classroom practices.
小題4:The underlined word “This” in the last paragraph refers to _______.
A．the gap between low and high achieversB．continuous small classes
C．classroom practices in later gradesD．the Project Star Sturdy

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The saying that children don’t like reading any more has been proved untrue. A new study finds that 75 percent of kids between five and 17 say that although they love technology, they still want to read books．
The Kids & Family Reading Report also says that 62 percent of kids prefer reading printed books rather than those on a computer．At the same time, those who search an author’s website or use the Internet to find books by a particular author, are more likely to read books for fun every day．
The study also once again proves that the time kids spend reading books for fun decreases after the age of eight and continues to drop through the teen years．The report is a follow-up to a 2006 study．But this time the focus is on the role of technology and when kids’ interest in reading starts to drop．
“Despite the fact that after the age of eight more children go online daily than read for fun daily, high frequency Internet users are more likely to read books for fun every day,” says Heather Carter, a writer of the report．
One in four kids between five and 17 say they read books for fun every day and more than half of kids say they read books for fun at least two to three times a week．One of the key reasons kids say they don’t read more often is that they have trouble finding books they like - a requirement that parents underestimate(低估)．
The study also finds that parents have a strong influence on kids’ reading, but only about half of all parents begin reading to their kids before their first birthday．The percent of children who are read to every day drops from 38 percent among five-to eight-year-olds to 23 percent among nine-to 11-year-olds - exactly the same time that kids’ daily reading for fun starts to drop．
“Parents’ engagement in their child’s reading from birth all the way through the teen years can have a great influence on how often their children read and how much they enjoy reading,” adds Carter．
小題1:What can we learn from the text?
A．Children don’t like reading any more after the age of 8.
B．Most children like reading as well as going online.
C．All kids like reading e – books instead of printed ones.
D．Most children like going online instead of reading.
小題2:It can be inferred from the passage that        .
A．the study of kids’ reading has been made before
B．most parents begin reading to their kids from their birth
C．a(chǎn)ll kids like to get information using the Internet
D．nowadays all children still like to read books
小題3:Which of the following is true according to the text?
A．The kids who often go online don’t like reading books.
B．Parents should teach their kids reading from an early age.
C．Sometimes it is difficult for kids to get the books they like.
D．When kids get older, parents spend more time with them.
小題4:According to the text,        contributes a lot to children’s interest in reading.
A．the InternetB．parents’ engagement
C．short supply of booksD．new technology
小題5:What’s the best title of the passage?
A．Do kids still like reading?B．Kids’ interest in reading drops
C．New technology on kids’ readingD．Parents’ influence on kids’ reading

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Scientists studying the impact of climate change on the Arctic need to consider ways to reduce their own carbon footprints(碳排放量), says Ryan Brook, a researcher who regularly flies north to study the health of caribous(馴鹿).He calls on scientists to show leadership by examining and sharing ways to reduce the impact of working in polar regions.
“The importance of the research is not at question here. It is important to our understanding of and adapting to climate change. But we need to think about better approaches,” says Brook.
“This is an issue for all scientists, though polar researchers often travel particularly long distances using commercial air travel. We also rely extensively on small aircraft, icebreakers, and snowmobiles, all of which produce large amounts of carbon.”
Brook studies the health of caribou herds in Nunavut and Northwest Territories. He works with northern wildlife managers. This work typically takes him north five or six times per year and when he calculated his own carbon footprint, he was not happy with the result.
“My research footprints are about the same as the annual footprints of an average Toronto resident. Basically, I have two footprints — my own personal life, which is moderate, and my research footprint.”
Climate scientists can rightly argue that Arctic research is a specialized field and the community of scientists who travel north is relatively small. Even if all scientists working in the north reduced their carbon emissions, it would not make a big impact on the global scale. For Brook, it’s the option that matters.
There are ways researchers can reduce the amount of carbon they use. Some helicopters use less fuel than others. Solar and wind power are alternatives to gas-fired generators. And while carbon offsets(抵消) don’t reduce the amount of carbon emitted, they are an easy first step.
“There aren’t necessarily any easy answers, but we need to start talking about it,” says Brook. “This is particularly important for the next generation of scientists being trained and I hope to see them become leaders in this issue.”
小題1:What did Brook find when he calculated his own carbon footprints?
A．His carbon footprints are more than the annual footprints of a Toronto resident.
B．His personal life footprints are more than the annual footprints of a Toronto resident.
C．His research footprints are about the same as his personal life footprints.
D．His personal life footprints are more than his research footprints.
小題2: Brook’s opinion is challenged by the statement that       .
A．a(chǎn)rctic research is very important
B．the Arctic is a special environment
C．the footprints of Arctic scientists are small
D．Brook’s situation is a common phenomenon
小題3:We can infer from the last paragraph that         .
A．we should take actions immediately instead of just talking
B．it’s easy to start talking about the problem of carbon emissions
C．it’s necessary now to pay attention to the problem of research footprints
D．the next generation of scientists are more interested in research footprints
小題4:What’s the main idea of the text?
A．The importance of arctic research is not at question.
B．Climate change becomes worse because of arctic research.
C．Brook suggests ways of reducing the use of carbon.
D．Scientists must look at their own carbon footprints.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Like most big projects, learning to manage your mother well is what you should do. Here are what I believe the best steps towards a better relationship with her. They are not necessarily surprising or revolutionary, but they have worked for many people. Try them.
Remember your mother’s age. As children, we often do not think of our mother as having an age. Even when we become conscious of her as an individual, age does not change our view; she is still our mother. Knowing our mother’s age, not just in numbers of years but in terms of her psychological and physical state, often helps us to understand her better.
Listen to your mother. I have found that sometimes the things my mother told me long ago are remarkably useful. If your mother knows that you respect her point of view, even if you do not share it, it will help her feel close to you.
Remember that your mother has a past. A key step in managing our relationship with our mother is to find out about her early life.In learning about our mother’s past, we know that it can encourage us to think about her whole life.
Ask your mother about your childhood history. My grandparents died when I was young. If you are fortunate enough to have living family, think of your life as a jigsaw puzzle and ask as many questions as you can to put the picture together. Understanding your roots and your childhood can help you know more clearly who you are, as part of a family which you share with your mother.
Remember that managing your mother is really about managing yourself. Taking any measure to managing our mother is the issue of how we manage ourselves. No matter how difficult we find her, it is important to remember that it is not her behavior itself that is causing us discomfort, but the way we feel about her behavior. We should follow the way of her life. At the heart of managing your mother is being able to accept your flawed self. Only then are you able to accept your mother-----with all her failings.
64. 小題1:What does the underlined phrase “a jigsaw puzzle” mean?
A．拼圖玩具B．瀏覽迷宮C．填充字謎D．游戲人生
65. 小題2:Which of the following is implied but not stated in the passage?
A．You will have a better relationship with your mother if you respect her opinion.
B．Knowing your mother’s age is a useful piece of advice.
C．The key measure of managing our mother is how we manage ourselves.
D．It is unreasonable to expect our mother to change totally from the way she was brought up.
66. 小題3:The main purpose of writing the text is _______.
A．to give information about how you think of your mother
B．to improve the relationship with your mother
C．to keep a sense of humor about your mother all day long
D．to accept your mother-----with all her failings

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

How do you feel after you've stayed up late to finish schoolwork? Or the day after a slumber party? Scientists now say that your answers to these questions may depend on your genes.
Genes are stretches of DNA that work like an instruction manual for our cells. Genes tell our bodies and brains what to do. People have about 40,000 genes, and each gene can have different forms. So, for example, certain forms of some genes make your eyes blue. Other versions of those genes make your eyes brown.
In a similar way, new research suggests that a gene called period3 affects how well you function without sleep. The discovery adds to older evidence that period3 helps determine whether you like to stay up late or get up early.
The period3 gene comes in two forms: short and long. Everyone has two copies of the gene. So, you may have two longs, two shorts, or one of each. Your particular combination depends on what your parents passed on to you.
Scientists from the University of Surrey in England studied 24 people who had either two short or two long copies of period3. Study participants had to stay awake for 40 hours straight. Then, they took tests that measured how quickly they pushed a button when numbers flashed on a screen and how well they could remember lists of numbers.
Results showed that the people with the short form of period3 performed much better on these tests than the people with the long form did. In both groups, people performed worst in the early morning. That's the time when truck drivers and other night-shift workers say they have the most trouble concentrating.
After the first round of experiments, participants were finally allowed to sleep. People in the group that performed well on the tests took about 18 minutes to nod off.
People with the long period3 gene, by contrast, fell asleep in just 8 minutes. They also spent more time in deep sleep. That suggests that people with the long form of the gene need more and deeper sleep to keep their brains working at top form.
小題1:We can know from the passage that genes can not ________.
A．tell our bodies and brains what to do
B．make our eyes blue or brown
C．decide how well you work without sleep
D．ensure whether you’re good at driving
小題2:Which of the following statements about the period3 is wrong?
 
A．It affects whether you like to stay up late or get up early.
B．It comes in two forms: short and long.
C．One has either two longs or two shorts of it.
D．Your parents determine what particular combination you have.
小題3: People with the short form of period3__________.
 
A．need to go to bed early and get up early
B．can work better than the people with long form of period3 without sleep
C．take less time to fall asleep after they stay up late
D．need more and deeper sleep to keep their brains working at top form
小題4:What’s the best title of the passage?
A．The Period3 GeneB．The Function of Genes
C．Wake up, Sleepy GeneD．Stay up Late or Get up Early?

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Books are not Nadia Konyk's thing. Her mother brings them home from the library, but Nadia rarely shows interest. Instead, like so many other teenagers, Nadia, 15, is addicted to the Internet. She regularly spends at least six hours a day in front of the computer, spending most of her time reading and commenting on stories written by other users. Her mother, Deborah Konyk, would prefer that Nadia read books for a change.
As teenagers' scores on reading tests have declined, some argue that the hours spent surfing the Internet are the enemy of reading—destroying a precious common culture that exists only through the reading of books. Critics have warned that electronic media would destroy reading.
Others say the Internet has created a new kind of reading. The Web inspires a teenager like Nadia, who might otherwise spend most of her leisure time watching television, to read and write. What is different now, some literacy experts say, is that spending time on the Web engages viewers with text.
Web supporters believe that strong readers on the Web may eventually surpass those who rely on books. Reading five Web sites, experts say, can be more enriching than reading one book. "It takes a long time to read a 400-page book," said Spiro. "In a tenth of the time," he said, the Internet allows a reader to "cover a lot more of the topic from different points of view."
Some literacy experts say that reading itself should be redefined. Interpreting videos or pictures, they say, may be as important a skill as analyzing a novel or a poem. "Kids are using sound and images so they have a world of ideas to put together," said Donna Alvermann, a professor of literacy education at the University of Georgia. "Books aren't out of the picture, but they're only one way of experiencing information in the world today."
Next year, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, which gives reading, math and science tests to 15-year-old students in more than 50 countries, will add an electronic reading component（軟件）. The United States says it will not participate because an additional test would overburden schools.
小題1:Why are books not the thing of Nadia Konyk?
A．She does reading mainly through electronic media.
B．Her mother doesn’t provide her with enough books.
C．She has become addicted to playing games on the web.
D．Like many youngsters, she has lost interest in reading.
小題2:How many hours does Nadia spend in front of the computer in a week?
A．Exactly forty-two hoursB．Usually fifty hours
C．More than forty hoursD．At most thirty-six hours
小題3:Which of the following statements is correct according to the passage?
A．To search for information on the web engages viewers without text.
B．To explain videos is a technique more important than analyzing a novel.
C．Children using sound and images may lose their interest in movies.
D．People reading well online may surpass those who rely on books.
小題4:Why did the US refuse to participate in the tests with an added electronic reading component?       It is because ______.
A．the teachers and students considered it useless
B．such a test would give schools more extra work
C．they thought reading was the only way to get information
D．none of them showed interest in such an additional test

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

New technology links the world as never before. Our planet has shrunk（收縮）. It’s now a “global village” where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communication’s equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills.
Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modern markets, success overseas often helps support domestic(國內(nèi)的) business efforts.
Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive(行政的) ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “out of sight and out of mind.” He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company’s plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad. If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superior will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more common.
Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets.
English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isn’t generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate(候選人) the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal.
The employee posted abroad who speaks the country’s principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients(客戶) over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.
小題1:What is the author’s attitude toward high-tech communications equipment?
A．Critical.B．Indifferent.C．Negative.D．Positive.
小題2:With the increased use of high-tech communications equipment, business people_________.
A．have to get familiar with modern technology
B．a(chǎn)re gaining more economic benefits from domestic operations
C．a(chǎn)re placing more importance on their overseas business
D．a(chǎn)re eager to work overseas
小題3: In this passage, “out of sight and out of mind” (Para. 3) probably means _________.
A．being unable to think properly for lack of insight
B．being totally out of touch with business at home
C．missing opportunities for promotion when abroad
D．leaving all care and worry behind
小題4:According to the passage, what is an important consideration of international corporations in employing people today?
A．Connections with businesses overseas.B．Ability to speak the client’s language.
C．Technical know-how.D．Business experience.

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