8．The United States estimates that about one out of every 10 people on the planet today is at least 60 years old．By 2050，it's projected to be one out of 5．This means that not only will there be more old people，but there will be relatively fewer young people to support them．
Professor Richard Lee of the University of California at Berkeley says this aging of the world has a great effect on economics．"Population aging increases the concentration of population in the older ages and therefore it is costly，"he said．
Aging populations consume （消耗） more and produce less．With more people living longer，it could get expensive．But Mr．Lee says with continuing increases in worker productivity and smart planning，it can be manageable．
Societies have different methods for caring for the elderly，but each carries a cost．Generally，there are three types of support．Seniors can live off the wealth they gained when they were younger．They can rely on their family to take care of them，or they can rely on the government．
In industrialized nations，governments created publicly-funded （公共資助的） support systems．These worked relatively well until recent years，when aging population growth in places like the United States and Western Europe began to gradually weaken the systems'finances．These nations now face some tough choices．Mr．Lee says the elderly in some of these countries must either receive less money，retire later or increase taxes to make the system continuable．
Most developing nations haven't built this type of government-funded support，but have instead relied on families to care for their elderly．These nations also generally have a much younger population，which means their situation is not as urgent as more developed nations．But Mr．Lee says that doesn't mean they can ignore the issue．"Third World countries should give very careful thought to this process，to population aging and how it may affect their economies-now，before population aging even becomes an issue，"he explained．
29．"Aging"in this text meansD．
A．there are more young people than old people
B．a(chǎn)n increasing number of old people are dying
C．more and more young people are growing old
D．the percentage of old people in the world is increasing
30．What is Professor Richard Lee's attitude towards population aging？B
A．Indifferent．
B．Negative．
C．Optimistic．
D．Worried．
31．The publicly-funded support systems in industrialized nationsA．
A．a(chǎn)re facing the risk of failing
B．have failed to provide support for the old
C．will be replaced by other support systems
D．have greatly affected the nations'economies
32．We can infer from the text that developing nationsB．
A．don't see population aging as an issue
B．should prepare for population aging．
C．a(chǎn)re facing urgent situations of population aging
D．have better ways to deal with population aging．

分析 本文主要講述了發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家現(xiàn)在正面臨的人口老齡化問題，并提醒發(fā)展中國(guó)家提前為將來可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)的老齡化問題做好準(zhǔn)備．

解答 29．D 詞義猜測(cè)題．根據(jù)文章第一段The United States estimates that about one out of every 10 people on the planet today is at least 60 years old．By 2050，it's projected to be one out of 5．This means that not only will there be more old people，but there will be relatively fewer young people to support them現(xiàn)在美國(guó)的老年人占十分之一，到2050年，將會(huì)占到百分之二十．第二段中的aging就是指全世界老齡人口越來越多，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選D
30．B 態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)題．根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容Mr．Lee says the elderly in some of these countries must either receive less money，retire later or increase taxes to make the system continuable．以及Most developing nations haven't built this type of government-funded support，but have instead relied on families to care for their elderly．由此可知，Mr．Lee 認(rèn)為發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家面臨著問題，發(fā)展中國(guó)家也即將面臨這樣的問題．而老齡化問題對(duì)國(guó)家的影響很大，所以作者持消極態(tài)度，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選B
31．A  推理題．根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容These worked relatively well until recent years，when aging population growth in places like the United States and Western Europe began to gradually weaken the systems'finances．These nations now face some tough choices．由此可知，工業(yè)社會(huì)國(guó)家的保障體系現(xiàn)在也面臨著很多財(cái)政方面的負(fù)擔(dān)，也要面對(duì)艱難的選擇，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選A
32．B 推理題．根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容But Mr．Lee says that doesn't mean they can ignore the issue．"Third World countries should give very careful thought to this process，to population aging and how it may affect their economies-now，before population aging even becomes an issue，"he explained由此可知，Mr．Lee 提醒，雖然現(xiàn)在的發(fā)展中國(guó)家的老齡化問題還沒那么嚴(yán)重，但是政府和國(guó)家必須要提前做好準(zhǔn)備．結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選B

點(diǎn)評(píng) 本文是新聞報(bào)道類閱讀理解．做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案．推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)

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