Question

【題目】閱讀理解
D
A buld-it-yourself solar still（蒸餾器） is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it's an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it's all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5' 5' sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container— perhaps just a drinking cup — to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.
To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher's productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.
Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet's center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圓錐體) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.
The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates (蒸發(fā)) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won't have to break down the still every time you need a drink.
（1）What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?
A.It's delicate.
B.It's expensive.
C.It's complex.
D.It's portable
（2）What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A.The tube
B.The still
C.The hole
D.The cup
（3）What's the last step of constructing a working solar still?
A.Dig a hole of a certain size
B.Put the cup in place
C.Weight the sheet's center down
D.Cover the hole with the plastic sheet
（4）When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup form.
A.the plastic tube
B.outside the hole
C.the open air
D.beneath the sheet

Answer 1

【答案】
（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】本文介紹一種在缺水的地方自制蒸餾器獲取飲用水的制作方法。
⑴推理判斷。A.易碎的；B昂貴的；C.復(fù)雜的；D.輕便的、根據(jù)第一段最后一句 These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt可知這些配件可以被折疊起來裝進(jìn)一個小包里系在腰帶上。
⑵詞義猜測。根據(jù)句意：盡量在潮濕的地方挖洞來增加接水器的工作效率。此處的接水器是指整個蒸餾器裝置，而不是某個部分。句中的productivity意思是“生產(chǎn)率”，本題容易誤選D.杯子，因為用來接水的杯子不存在工作效率的變化問題。也就是說，如果在干燥的地方挖洞，杯子還是照樣接水，不會隨著環(huán)境的變化而變化。只有整個裝置才會在潮濕的地方產(chǎn)生的水多，干燥的地方產(chǎn)生的水少，故選B。
⑶細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock.可知最后一步是weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock“放一塊石頭在覆蓋膜的中間，把它壓下去”，故選C。
⑷推理判斷。結(jié)合第四段中的Ground water evaporates (蒸發(fā)) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup可知地下水蒸發(fā)，在覆蓋膜上聚集起來直到形成小水滴落在杯子里。覆蓋膜是在杯子上面的，水滴落入杯子里。所以水滴是凝聚在覆蓋膜的下面。故選D。